The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University (Danish: Kongelige Veterinær- og Landbohøjskole, abbr. KVL) was a veterinary and agricultural science university in Denmark. It was founded in 1856 and operated until 2007, when it became a part of the University of Copenhagen. It had its headquarters in Frederiksberg, Copenhagen..
In this work, new approaches for the green extraction of polyphenols from sour cherry pomace were explored. Three Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADES) systems based on choline chloride (ChCl) as a hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA) and malic acid, urea, and fructose (MalA, Ur, and Fru) as hydrogen bond donors (HBD) were used. NADES systems were prepared by heating and stirring (H&S), ultrasound (US), and microwave (MW) methods. It was found that MW-assisted preparation was the fastest requiring less than 30 s. Polyphenol extraction from cherry pomace was performed also by three mentioned methods, and compared with conventional methods. MW extraction was the most rapid with less than 5 min necessary for the extract preparation. All three NADES systems were highly efficient for anthocyanin extraction, but the most efficient was ChCl:MalA system. Extract based on ChCl:MalA system was for 62.33% more efficient for anthocyanin extraction comparing with the conventional solvent.
Oxytocin facilitates reproduction both by physiological and behavioral mechanisms. Oxytocinergic neurons emerging from the hypothalamus release oxytocin from the pituitary gland to the blood by axonal discharge to regulate reproductive organs. However, at the same time, oxytocin is secreted into neighboring areas of the hypothalamus from the dendrites of these neurons. Here, the peptide acts by autocrine and paracrine mechanisms to influence other neuroendocrine systems. Furthermore, oxytocinergic neurons project to many different locations in the brain, where they affect sensory processing, affective functions, and reward. Additional to its regulatory role, significant anti-inflammatory and restoring effects of oxytocin have been reported from many invivo and in-vitro studies. The pervasive property of the oxytocin system may enable it generally to dampen stress reactions both peripherally and centrally, and protect neurons and supportive cells from inadequate inflammation and malfunctioning. Animal experiments have documented the importance of preserving immune- and stem cell functions in the hypothalamus to impede age-related destructive processes of the body. Sexual reward has a profound stimulating impact on the oxytocinergic activity, and the present article therefore presents the hypothesis that frequent sexual activity and gratigying social experiance may postpone the onset of frailty and age-associated diseases by neural protection from the bursts of oxytocin. Furthermore, suggestions are given how the neuroplastic properties of oxytocin may be utilized to enhance sexual reward by learning processes in order to further reinforce the release of this peptide.
In this paper, we consider five mathematical models of corona virus infection. The first model is a mathematical model of corona virus entry. The second model is a mathematical model for interactions of virus N-protein and viral RNA. Here, we prove that phosphorylated N protein increases the affinity of viral RNA. The third model is a mathematical model of virion assembly. It is a six-dimensional model. But there is an invariant three-dimensional submodel, which we can prove has a positive stable equilibrium. The fourth model is a model of an enzyme inhibitor that blocks viral replication. The fifth model is a model of a virus and a vaccine.
A differential count of the gram-negative, anaerobic, non sporeforming bacteria in different segments of the pig intestinal tract was performed in 2 groups of pigs. Seventy-seven strains were identified, belonging to 6 groups: Sphaerophorus necrophorus, anhemolytic Sphaerophorus spp., Bacteroides (Eggerthella) spp., Fusobactenum spp., Veillonella/Acidaminococcus spp., and Peptostreptococcus elsdenii. The characters of these groups are described, and quantitative data on their occurrence in a group of normal porkers and a group of pigs with experimental swine dysentery are given.
One hundred ninetyfive male ADV-negative mink, including 79 pairs of brothers, were followed in their response to natural ADV-infection caused by mating with ADV-positive females and under epidemic conditions. Special attention was drawn to the development of progressive versus non-progressive Aleutian disease. This was done by plasmaelectrophoresis, detection of antibodies to ADV, and finally by macroscopical examination of mink organs at pelting time. We found that the progression of Aleutian disease presumably is under some genetic influence. We also found indication of differences in the response to ADV depending on how the infection was introduced. Mating to positive females (low virus concentration) resulted in significantly higher proportion of non-progressive responders than infection under epidemic conditions (high virus concentration).
