The State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs (SAFEA; Chinese: 国家外国专家局; pinyin: Guójiā Wàiguó Zhuānjiā Jú) was an agency of the government of the People's Republic of China (PRC) that operated under the State Council and the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security. It was responsible for recruiting foreign experts outside of mainland China - including Taiwan and the special administrative regions - for work in the PRC, and managing the training of Chinese nationals outside of the PRC. It was headquartered in Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing.SAFEA founded in 1956 and abolished in March 2018, when its functions were absorbed by the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST). The SAFEA name was retained to interact with foreign parties.
So‘nggi yillardagi texnologik taraqqiyot uchuvchisiz uchadigan apparatlarning keng qo’llanishi va jadal rivojlanishi, ushbu sohani huquqiy jihatdan tartibga solish jarayonini yanada murakkablashtirmoqda. Mazkur tadqiqotning asosiy maqsadi — uchuvchisiz uchadigan apparatlar haqida umumiy tushuncha , ulardan foydalanish bo’yicha xalqaro tajribalar, O’zbekiston havo hududi to’g’risidagi qonunchilikda bor ma’lumotlarni hozirgi holatlarini tahlil qilish va samarali tartibga solish tizimini yaratish, tavsiyalar ishlab chiqishdan iborat. Tadqiqot davomida Qozog’iston, Belorussiya , Ukraina va boshqa rivojlangan davlatlarda uchuvchisiz uchadigan apparatlarga nisbatan munosabatini va ushbu sohadagi qonunchilik bazasini mukammal o’rganildi. Shuningdek, 2020-2025 yillar davomida ushbu apparatlar rivojlanish statistikasi , ularning asosiy vazifalari hamda qonunbuzarlik holatlari tahlil qilindi. O‘zbekiston amaliyotida bu sohani tartibga solishga qaratilgan yutuqlar, mavjud tajriba va muammolar ham o‘rganildi. Tahlillar shuni ko‘rsatadiki, uchuvchisz uchadigan apparatlarga nisbatan amaldagi huquqiy yondashuvlar texnologik taraqqiyot sur’atlariga to‘liq moslashmayapti. Maqolada ushbu apparatlar bilan yuzaga keladigan muammolar o’rganib chiqildi, yangi texnologiyalar bilan bog‘liq xavf-xatarlarni kamaytirish va uchuvchisiz uchadigan apparatlardan xavfsiz hamda samarali foydalanish uchun yangicha yondashuv va takliflar ishlab chiqildi.
Data Description for "Effects of a negative corona discharge on subsequent positive streamers": 1. ICCD files_long exposure: pictures of streamers in 80 mbar air and nitrogen with 500 ns exposure. 2. ICCD files_short exposure: pictures of streamers in 80 mbar air and nitrogen with 50 ns exposure. 3. waveforms: the oscilloscope waveforms streamers and corona discharge in 80 mbar air.
Molecular and genomic studies have shown the presence of a large number of SPX gene family members in plants, some of which have been proved to act in P signalling and homeostasis. In this study, the molecular and evolutionary characteristics of the SPX gene family in plants were comprehensively analysed, and the mechanisms underlying the function of SPX genes in P signalling and homeostasis in the model plant species Arabidopsis ( Arabidopsis thaliana ) and rice ( Oryza sativa ), and in important crops, including wheat ( Triticum aestivum ), soya beans ( Glycine max ) and rapeseed ( Brassica napus ), were described. Emerging findings on the involvement of SPX genes in other important processes (i.e. disease resistance, iron deficiency response, low oxygen response and phytochrome-mediated light signalling) were also highlighted. The available data suggest that SPX genes are important regulators in the P signalling network, and may be valuable targets for enhancing crop tolerance to low P stress. Further studies on SPX proteins should include more diverse members, which may reveal SPX proteins as important regulatory hubs for multiple processes including P signalling and homeostasis in plants.
This paper reports on research to analyze the indoor air quality (IAQ) and the concentration and varying patterns of CO2, formaldehyde and TVOC in commercial buildings located in Chongqing, South-West China. Two buildings were monitored during the day over two weeks in the summer period. One was a completed building that had been fully operational for several years. This building is termed the 'non-renovated' building. The other was a commercial building of similar age that was currently undergoing renovation on one of the main retail floors. This building is termed the 'partial renovation' building. The results of the study show that indoor TVOC pollution is a prominent issue in commercial buildings with typical pollution rates exceeding recommended standard levels by 58.9% (partial renovation) and 19.6% (non-renovated), respectively. There were significant correlations between indoor environmental parameters, especially the three indoor air pollutants (p<0.05, Spearman). The three main factors influencing the concentration of the indoor air pollutants were: the time of the day; the floor layout; and the different retail functional areas in particular the supermarket, catering services, leather goods and cosmetics. The findings present proposals for optimized ventilation control strategies and contribute to the application of ventilation in similar commercial and business environments.
