We give a first example of 2-knots with the same knot group but different knot quandles by analyzing the knot quandles of twist spins. As a byproduct of the analysis, we also give a classification of all twist spins with finite knot quandles.
The goldfish, a member of the Cyprinidae (minnow family) is an important and relevant model for understanding how fish function and reproduce and can be better managed. Here, we review recent studies of this species and its strengths as a model system. First, we review current understanding of how its neuroendocrine system regulates gonadotropin release, and then steroidogenesis and finally gonadal maturation in both males and females. Endocrine determinants of gender and sexual plasticity are described. Effects of the fish androgen, 11-ketotestosterone, on sexual and spawning behavior of males and females are reviewed. We also describe how several hormones (androstenedione, 17,20β-dihydroxy-4-pregen-3-one, prostaglandin F2α) and their metabolites function as "hormonal pheromones" to synchronize male-female spawning behavior and physiology. Insight provided by the goldfish has enhanced understanding of the neurobiology, toxicology, and comparative physiology of other fishes and provided lessons applicable to the culture of commercial carp and the control of invasive species, as well as conservation.
Thermogravimetric analysis of various analytical methods was applied to obtain the activation energy of LLDPE containing various different concentration of the antioxidant reagent. ISO 11358-3 was difficult to apply to obtain the activation energy when the sample contained more than 0.125% of the reagent. Unlike tetrafluoroethylene propylene copolymer, the Kissinger plot could not be applicable to all. LLDPE used in this experiment. Activation energy obtained using the oxidation induction temperature was from 140 kJ/mol to 163 kJ/mol, which depended on the concentration of the antioxidant reagent.
We report on the coherence evaluation of the beamline BL09W at NanoTerasu (Tohoku University, Japan) and demonstrate X-ray multi-contrast imaging using an X-ray Talbot interferometer. Fringe visibility was measured in both the horizontal and vertical directions and analyzed to estimate the effective source size of the X-ray beam. The estimated source size in the horizontal direction was consistent with the design specification, confirming the validity of the measurements. In the vertical direction, the high visibility, exceeding 70%, indicates the remarkably high spatial coherence of the source. Multi-contrast computed tomography was successfully performed, simultaneously reconstructing absorption, phase and small-angle scattering contrasts. These results establish BL09W as a versatile beamline for coherence-based X-ray imaging.
