This study investigates critical factors shaping government capability for organizational change within smart city initiatives. Despite Indonesia's significant investment in smart city programs, uneven implementation and inconsistent results highlight gaps in understanding how digital and organizational capabilities impact performance. This research addresses these gaps by examining how Information Technology Capability (ITC), Organizational Change Capability (OCC), 21st-century digital skills (DS), and innovativeness (INN) collectively influence organizational performance (OP). The study employs a multilevel quantitative survey design with multisource data collection, involving 1384 middle and lower-level managers from the Surabaya City government in Indonesia. Data was analyzed using multilevel modelling in MPlus 8.3, examining relationships at both individual and organizational levels. ITC has a positive effect on OP but not on OCC. OCC also enhances OP, yet it does not mediate the ITC-OP link. DS strengthens the ITC-OCC path, and INN strengthens the OCC-OP path. This study addresses digital transformation in smart city programs by using an organizational change capabilities perspective, focusing more on the middle manager role rather than IT infrastructure or other technical capabilities.
This correspondence extends the discussion initiated by Treiman-Kiveste et al. (2026) on parents' preparedness to participate in infants’ painful procedures in neonatal care. While the original article shows that preparedness is shaped by family circumstances and nursing support, this correspondence argues that parental preparedness should be understood more broadly as regulatory co-participation, not merely informational and practical readiness. Painful procedures in neonatal care are not only technical events but also relational and physiological stress experiences involving both infant and parent. Recent evidence on parent-led pain management, co-regulation, and NICU parenting support suggests that effective parental participation depends not only on what parents know, but also on whether they are supported to remain emotionally regulated and relationally attuned during procedures. From this perspective, preparation protocols may be strengthened by combining procedural explanation with brief regulatory support, such as guided breathing, grounding, and coaching in the use of voice and touch. This reconceptualisation offers a clinically relevant pathway for moving neonatal care beyond parental presence alone toward more effective parental participation during painful procedures.
This study aims to analyze the impact of ownership structure on the level of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) disclosure. The ownership structures in this study include managerial, institutional, family, majority, and government ownership. ESG is considered an important indicator in reflecting a company's commitment to sustainability and social responsibility in the modern business era. These ownership structures have varying impacts on ESG disclosure based on agency theory. This study uses a quantitative approach to test the hypothesis. This study has a population of non-financial companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the period 2021 to 2024. The study sample consists of 364 company-years. The results of multiple linear regression analysis indicate that managerial and institutional ownership do not affect ESG disclosure. Family and majority ownership have a negative effect on ESG disclosure. Government ownership has a positive effect on ESG disclosure. The control variables in this study are profitability, company size, and leverage. Profitability and leverage do not affect ESG disclosure. Company size has a positive effect on ESG disclosure. The findings of this study have the following implications: first, companies with majority and family ownership tend to withhold strategic information, such as ESG, to protect their interests (entrenchment effect). Second, state-owned enterprises face high public pressure, which leads to increased compliance with ESG disclosures. Third, managerial and institutional ownership do not reduce information asymmetry
The rapid rise of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) tools such as ChatGPT is transforming the landscape of higher education. Beyond their immediate use in writing support and tutoring, these tools are driving a more profound transformation in pedagogy, curriculum design, and the foundational structures of learning itself. Drawing on a triangulated mixed-methods design, this study integrates a scoping review, bibliometric mapping (VOSviewer, n=209 records), a systematic literature review of 36 peer-reviewed articles (2023–2025), and ten semi-structured interviews with academic leaders and educators across five institutions in Australia and Indonesia. The central aim of the study is to develop and propose an AI-Augmented Learning System framework that conceptualises GenAI not merely as an instructional tool but as a catalyst for curricular and pedagogical reconfiguration. Thematic patterns reveal five interrelated system shifts: from static curricula to dynamic AI-integrated design; from teacher-centred delivery to AI-augmented facilitation; from knowledge transmission to capability development; from local experimentation to institutional governance; and from fragmented implementations to ecosystemic integration. These shifts are interpreted through established educational theories including constructivism, connectivism, TPACK, the SAMR model, and constructive alignment to clarify the pedagogical mechanisms through which GenAI is reshaping curriculum and teaching, and to surface implications for learning analytics and educational innovation. Given the bounded empirical base, the proposed framework is offered as an analytical heuristic and starting point for institutional dialogue rather than a prescriptive blueprint, providing a foundation for further empirical validation across diverse higher education contexts.
The development of information technology and social media has transformed corporate marketing from conventional methods toward interactive digital strategies. Instagram has become a widely used platform for service companies to strengthen marketing communication, increase audience engagement, and expand promotional reach. CV. XYZ, an architectural service company, uses Instagram as a portfolio-based promotional medium featuring house designs, interior designs, and project documentation. However, during the initial period of social media management, the company experienced low audience interaction and limited effectiveness in generating communication and service bookings. This study aims to compare the digital marketing conditions of CV. XYZ before and after implementing an Instagram-based digital marketing strategy and to examine its effect on service bookings. The study employed a comparative evaluative approach using before–after analysis and descriptive analysis. Data were collected through observation, Instagram Insights, service booking records, and questionnaires administered to audiences who had used the company’s services. Parameters included posts, likes, shares, follower growth, Direct Messages (DMs), and service bookings during May–July 2024 and August–October 2024. Results showed that total likes increased from 3,850 to 9,502 (146.81%), while shares increased from 227 to 354 (55.95%). DMs increased from 21 to more than 99 messages, and service bookings increased from 1 to 10 (900%). The strategy incorporated reels, carousel, and feed content, supported by project portfolios, construction documentation, and informative captions. Most respondents perceived the content as more attractive, informative, and capable of increasing trust in the company’s services.
