In the current technology in medical imaging, the ultrasound images are used to detect thyroid cancer from this kind of image. In the meantime, ultrasound scanning is commonly considered for thyroid nodule analysis, this is mostly subjective and relates with the individual medial practioner’s skills. In connection with this problem we have developed a hybrid TextureNet, this is a new model is used the fusion technique to fuse the hand-crafted texture with deep learning stemantic features in the binary classification of thyroid nodules in the benign and malignant. This new model combines three texture features those are Gray-Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM), Wavelet transform and EfficientNetB0 deep learning features. Next step is classification, for this purpose three widely used classifiers were utilized; Support Vector Machine (SVM), K-Nearest Neighbours (KNN), and Random Forest (RF) classifiers. The classification is conducted using soft voting. The dataset used in the experiment is used from the publicly available dataset. The dataset is had the total 3115 ultrasound images (1,905 benign and 1210 malignant). By using this dataset, fused feature vector, and by using three classifier the model has given a impressive recognition accuracy of 96.47% and an AUC of 0.981. The novelty of this paper is to combining a hand-crafted feature with deep learning features and got the significantly high result.
Indi lime ( Citrus aurantifolia Swingle), commonly known as Kagzi lime, is an important citrus fruit cultivated widely in the northern districts of Karnataka, particularly in the Indi region of Vijayapura. Despite its economic and nutritional importance, lime fruits are highly perishable and suffer considerable postharvest losses due to rapid physiological deterioration, microbial decay and improper storage conditions. Modified Atmosphere Packaging (MAP) is a promising postharvest technology that alters the gaseous environment surrounding the produce to reduce respiration, delay senescence and extend storage life. The present study was conducted during the year 2023–24 at the Department of Postharvest Management, College of Horticulture, University of Horticultural Sciences, Bengaluru, to standardize active modified atmosphere storage conditions for Indi lime fruits. The experiment was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design with five treatments and four replications using LDPE bags (250 µm) with different gas compositions viz. , passive MAP (control), 4% O₂ + 2% CO₂ + 94% N₂, 6% O₂ + 4% CO₂ + 90% N₂, 8% O₂ + 6% CO₂ + 86% N₂ and 10% O₂ + 8% CO₂ + 82% N₂. Fruits were stored at 10 ± 2°C and evaluated at 10-day intervals for physiological, biochemical and sensory parameters. Results revealed that active MAP significantly influenced fruit quality during storage. Treatment T 4 (8% O₂ + 6% CO₂ + 86% N₂) was found to be the most effective in maintaining fruit quality by reducing physiological loss in weight, preserving firmness and colour, maintaining moisture content, lowering respiration rate and delaying biochemical changes compared to passive MAP. The treatment also recorded better sensory acceptability and reduced decay incidence. Thus, indi lime fruits stored under T 4 (8% O₂ + 6% CO₂ + 86% N₂) conditions maintained acceptable quality for up to 60 days of cold storage, followed by a short shelf life under ambient conditions.
Chrysanthemum ( Dendranthema grandiflora Tzvelev.) is one of the most beautiful flowering plant referred as “Queen of the East” and also known as “Autumn flower” belongs to family Asteraceae. It is derived from Greek words chryos means golden, anthos means flower and is the most important flower crop of commercial importance. It is having diploid chromosome number 2n = 18. In the International cut flower trade, it ranks next to the rose. The genus of which, the present day florist chrysanthemum ( Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat) has been renamed as Dendranthema grandiflora Tzvelev. Present study helps to overcome the challenges for cross breeding in chrysanthemum, the access to viable pollen, cultivar distant in location and difference in flowering, are required. Low pollen viability along with self-incompatibility are mainly responsible for low seed set in modern chrysanthemum cultivars. In the present study, pollen viability 50 genotypes were tested by staining pollen with Aceto carmine staining solution and examined under light microscope (20X). Among chrysanthemum genotypes with respect to total number of viable pollen grains. It was ranged from 0.00 to 81.34 per cent. The cv. Winter Queen (81.34%) recorded the maximum number of viable pollen grains followed by cv. Arka Kirti (77.78%) whereas minimum in White Star (49.47%) and Highest pollen germination was observed in the cv. Winter Queen (63.84%) and lowest in cv. Corcom small (24.57%). These results provide a valuable background to the conventional breeding to create hybrids through cross-pollination.
Lotus ( Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) is an important aquatic ornamental crop possessing immense ornamental, medicinal, nutritional and cultural value. The present investigation was conducted during February 2024 to October 2025 at the College of Horticulture, Mysuru, Karnataka. Fifty lotus germplasms collected from Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu were evaluated in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with two replications to study the extent of genetic variability, character association and genetic divergence. Significant differences were observed among the germplasm for all the characters studied, indicating considerable variability. High genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation were recorded for number of flowers per plant (82.81% and 84.95%), number of coin leaves per plant (64.03% and 65.31%) and duration of flowering (49.97% and 53.11%). High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent mean was observed for number of flowers per plant (95.00% and 213.08%), duration of flowering (88.50% and 124.13%) and flower diameter (94.80% and 46.08%), indicating predominance of additive gene action and effectiveness of direct selection. Correlation studies revealed that number of flowers per plant showed significant positive association with duration of flowering at genotypic (0.784) and phenotypic (0.720) levels, whereas days to bud initiation exhibited negative association with flower yield (-0.597 and − 0.459, respectively). Path coefficient analysis revealed high positive direct effects of number of coin leaves per plant (1.013 and 1.029) and duration of flowering (0.482 and 0.474) on flower yield at genotypic and phenotypic levels, respectively. Diversity analysis grouped the germplasm into six clusters with maximum inter-cluster distance between Cluster V and VI (20.68), indicating wide genetic divergence. Thus study highlighted diverse germplasm grouped under six clusters can be further utilized for future breeding programme and development of high-yielding ornamental lotus cultivars.
An experiment was carried out to ascertain the effects of soil pH regulants on growth, flowering and color intensification of hydrangea cut flower under naturally ventilated polyhouse during 2022 to 2024, with seven treatments (g/m2) viz., aluminium sulphate (60, 90 and 120) and lime (200, 250 and 300) replicated thrice in randomized block design. Results revealed that lime (300 g/m2) exhibited maximum plant height (66.62 cm), plant spread (north-south) (65.65 cm), leaf length (22.98 cm), number of leaves (34.62), head diameter (29.49 cm) and stalk length (69.99 cm). Besides, maximum vase life (27.49 days), true blue colour (RHS colour: Purple violet group N82, strong purple A) and highest B:C ratio (4.08) was recorded with aluminium sulphate (120 g/m2). Hence, treatment lime (300 g/m2) is proved best for better growth, flowering and quality attributes, however, aluminium sulphate (120 g/m2) was found best for colour intensification of hydrangea.
