马堡大学

Introduction Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is a standard treatment for hematologic diseases. While biological predictors of transplant success are well established, psychobiological factors such as depression and physical activity remain underexplored. This study investigates their influence on clinical outcomes and quality of life after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Methods In this prospective study, 42 patients undergoing transplantation (December 2020– December 2021) were assessed at four time points (T0–T3). Depression was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, physical activity using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, and quality of life using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Leukemia and its Trial Outcome Index subscore. Bivariate correlations (p-value <0.05) were used to examine associations with clinical endpoints (leukocyte engraftment, GVHD, adverse events ≥ Grade III, relapse, mortality, and quality of life at six months). Results Higher depression at T0 (Mean: 6.53; SD: 4.98) predicted lower global quality of life at T3 (r = -0.46; p = 0.04), but not clinical outcomes. Physical activity at T0 (Mean: 4290.3; SD: 4242.7) showed no significant associations. Older age (Mean: 57.7; SD: 10.2) was linked to a better Trial Outcome Index (r = 0.5; p = 0.02), higher global quality of life (r = 0.45; p = 0.04), and lower depression (r = -0.56; p = 0.005) at T3. Complications had no effect on quality of life or depression. Conclusion Depression before allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation may predict poorer quality of life afterward. Older age was associated with better outcomes, suggesting rigid age limits for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation should be re-evaluated.

Intertemporal decision-making, i.e., choosing between immediate and delayed rewards is crucial for social functioning, yet social exclusion often biases individuals toward short-term gains. However, it remains unclear which psychological processes most proximally link exclusion to myopic intertemporal choice. Across two complementary experiments, we used psychological network analysis to examine the structural role of self-control resources (SCR) relative to trait self-control, impulsivity, and affect. In Experiment 1 (N = 144), participants reported chronic social exclusion, SCR, trait self-control, impulsivity (BIS subscales), positive and negative affect, and completed a monetary intertemporal choice task. In Experiment 2 (N = 97), we manipulated acute exclusion using the Cyberball paradigm and assessed perceived exclusion alongside the same measures and task. Across both experiments, higher social exclusion was reliably associated with higher degree of temporal discounting, whereas higher SCR was associated with more patient intertemporal choices. Network analyses showed that exclusion and SCR were the only variables that maintained unique connections to the discounting parameter, and SCR emerged as the strongest connector between exclusion and discounting, with impulsivity, trait self control, and affect occupying more peripheral positions. Together, these findings suggest that momentary self control resources form the primary psychological pathway through which social exclusion biases intertemporal decision-making.

Intertemporal decision-making is crucial for social functioning, and social exclusion has been linked to a stronger preference for short-term gains. However, it remains unclear which psychological processes most proximally link exclusion to myopic intertemporal choice. We reanalyzed data from two complementary studies using psychological network analysis to examine the structural role of self-control resources (SCR) relative to trait self-control, impulsivity, and affect. In Experiment 1 (N = 144), participants reported chronic social exclusion, SCR, trait self-control, impulsivity (BIS subscales), positive and negative affect, and completed a monetary intertemporal choice task. In Experiment 2 (N = 96), acute exclusion was manipulated using the Cyberball paradigm. Across both experiments, the estimated networks retained a positive association between social exclusion and temporal discounting, whereas higher SCR was associated with more patient intertemporal choices. SCR had the largest absolute two-step bridge expected influence in both networks. Together, these findings highlight the association of momentary self-control resources with intertemporal choice in the context of social exclusion.

With the rise of constructivist approaches, team-based learning (TBL) has gained popularity as an instructional design in the field of management education. The extant research indicates that the positive effects of TBL on student learning outcomes, which many studies report, might depend on individual as well as social-contextual drivers. In this paper, we introduce psychological safety and the quality of teamwork processes as two important social-contextual drivers of student learning outcomes in TBL settings. Based on research on team processes and TBL, we argue that psychological safety fosters student learning outcomes because of its positive effect on intrinsic motivation and group interaction. We further hypothesize that the relationship between psychological safety and student learning outcomes is mediated by the quality of teamwork processes within the student teams. A field study based on a computerized business simulation involving 169 undergraduate management students, nested within 44 teams, at a German university supports our hypotheses. We contribute to research on constructivist learning and TBL by introducing psychological safety as an important driver and the quality of teamwork processes as a mediating mechanism for student learning outcomes in TBL settings. Our study also has practical implications for the design, support, and facilitation of psychologically safe team-based learning environments.

The properties of polycrystalline materials are strongly influenced by the spatial arrangement and orientations of individual grains within the microstructure, making nanoscale characterization of grain orientation essential. This is also often the case for small grains in the nm regime explored using scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). Automated crystal orientation mapping (ACOM) is traditionally performed using spot-like diffraction patterns. In contrast, orientation mapping based on transmission Kikuchi diffraction (TKD) using an aberration-corrected (AC) convergent STEM probe remains relatively underexplored, despite its superior orientation sensitivity and higher spatial resolution. In this work, we present an open-source software-based template-matching approach for orientation mapping using AC-STEM TKD. A master pattern (a simulated angular distribution of Kikuchi band intensities on the unit sphere) is first generated through a dynamical simulation implemented in open-source software. This resulting pattern is subsequently imported into another open-source package for geometric simulations and orientation indexing. We demonstrate the capability of the proposed method by applying it to orientation mapping in BaZr0.4Ce0.4Y0.1Yb0.1O3-δ (BZCYYb4411) fuel-cell material and LiNiO2 (LNO) lithium-ion battery cathode material. The best-matched simulated patterns exhibit strong agreement with experimental data, even under the challenging conditions with limited diffraction space available for matching.