We prove that if A and B are daisy cubes whose τ-graphs are forests, then A and B are isomorphic if and only if their τ-graphs are isomorphic. The result is applied to show that a daisy cube with at least one edge is the resonance graph of a plane bipartite graph G if and only if its τ-graph is a forest which is isomorphic to the inner dual of the subgraph of G obtained by removing all forbidden edges. As a consequence, some well-known properties of the τ-graphs of Fibonacci cubes and Lucas cubes are provided as examples with different proofs. Open questions for the characterizations of Lucas cubes in terms of their τ-graphs are raised.
Logistics organizations depend on software whose quality determines whether digital transformation delivers its operational benefits, yet formal quality evaluation against internationally standardized frameworks is systematically absent in both research and practice. Three interconnected gaps define this research problem: logistics IS practice focuses on functional capabilities rather than quality characteristics; ISO/IEC 25010:2023, the authoritative international standard for software product quality, has never been comprehensively applied to logistics software; and security evaluation remains insufficiently addressed despite mandatory requirements introduced by the EU Cyber Resilience Act. This study addresses these gaps through a systematic literature review conducted under PRISMA 2020 guidelines, encompassing 224 articles from 554 raw records identified across six bibliographic databases — 63% published between 2019 and 2026 — organized into eight thematic groups: blockchain, IoT, Industry 4.0, IT platforms, service quality, cybersecurity, software quality standards, and supply chain digitalization. Of these, only 11 explicitly reference ISO/IEC 25010, and only five apply it directly to logistics software. The review establishes a consistent hierarchy of quality imperatives: compatibility and functional suitability appear in 60% of articles each, reliability in 46%, maintainability in 45%, and interaction capability in 36%, while security appears in only 21% despite its cross-cutting regulatory relevance. These findings provide logistics organizations with an evidence-based quality checklist for software evaluation; developers with design guidance calibrated to logistics demands; and regulators with the empirical foundation for domain-adapted evaluation instruments under the EU Cyber Resilience Act. The study contributes the first systematic literature review explicitly applying a dual logistics-domain and ISO/IEC 25010:2023 lens. On this basis, it proposes a preliminary logistics software quality profile that prioritizes the ISO/IEC 25010 characteristics and links them to logistics indicators, candidate metrics, and evidence types across the principal logistics system types.
The isolation number t(G) of a graph G is the minimum cardinality of a set A subset of V(G) such that the subgraph induced by the vertices that are not in the union of the closed neighborhoods of vertices in A has no edges. The invariant, known also under the name vertex-edge domination number of G, has attracted a lot of interest in recent years. In this paper, we study the behavior of the isolation number under several graph operations, namely the Cartesian and the lexicographic product and the fractalization leading to generalized Sierpinski graphs. We prove several upper and lower bounds on the isolation number of the Cartesian product of two graphs. We prove a lower bound for the isolation number of the prism G square K2 over an arbitrary graph G, which in the case of bipartite graphs leads to the equality t(G square K-2) = gamma (G), where gamma (G) is the domination number of G. In particular, t(Q n+1) = gamma(Qn) holds for all positive integers n, where Q n is the ndimensional hypercube. For the lexicographic product G degrees H we prove that its isolation number, under certain mild restrictions, equals the total domination number of the first factor G. We also prove sharp lower and upper bounds on the isolation numbers of the generalized Sierpinski graphs StG, where G is an arbitrary base graph. These bounds in the case of classical Sierpinski graphs, namely StKn, coincide and lead to the exact values t(StKn) = (n-1) & centerdot; nt-2 for all dimensions t >= 2. (c) 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.
Up to date, the development of highly efficient, visible light-active catalysts remains a formidable challenge due to the enhanced rising of atmospheric CO2 concentration. This study discusses a class of ceria-based high-entropy oxides designed to optimize charge carrier dynamics, surface reactivity, and CO2 activation efficiency. Due to the advantages of high configurational entropy and multi-element synergy, these materials achieved improved photocatalytic performance, surpassing conventional ceria-based systems. Structural and spectroscopic analyses reveal that Pr3+/Pr4+ redox pairs and abundant oxygen vacancies create an electronically disordered yet thermodynamically stable environment, which enhances charge separation and suppresses electron-hole recombination. Photocatalytic experiments demonstrated that Ce0.2Zr0.2La0.2Pr0.2Sm0.2O2-delta (CZLPS) achieves the highest CO2 conversion rate, reaching a conversion of 20.3% under visible light irradiation, significantly surpassing pure ceria (1.4%), with a calculated space-time yield (STY) of 10.15 mol(CO)kg(-1)h(-1) under the same conditions. First-principles density functional theory (DFT) simulations were employed to investigate the CO2 reduction mechanism on CZLPS catalysts. The study elucidates the Gibbs free energy changes (Delta G) for each step of the reaction pathways leading to CO and HCOOH formation, highlighting the Zr site of CZLPS as the most active for the CO2RR, which is responsible for the outstanding catalytic activity
This study examines the link between housing concerns and health among young people (15-29) in Slovenia, using nationally representative data from 2010 and 2020. Guided by the Stress Process Model, it explores how housing-related stress affects self-rated health and whether these relationships changed over time. Findings show a marked increase in housing concerns between 2010 and 2020, reflecting shifts in the housing market. These concerns are strongly associated with poorer health, with stress acting as a key mediator in both samples. Additionally, family material background influenced health only in 2020, with its effects partially mediated by housing concerns and stress. Overall, the results suggest that worsening housing conditions have intensified stress among young people, contributing to declining health outcomes. This highlights housing as an important but often overlooked factor in understanding youth mental and general health trends.
