The University of Ottawa (French: Université d'Ottawa), often referred to as uOttawa or U of O, is a bilingual public research university in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. The main campus is located on 42.5 hectares (105 acres) in the heart of Ottawa's Downtown Core, adjacent to the residential neighbourhood of Sandy Hill, adjacent to Ottawa's Rideau Canal.The University of Ottawa was first established as the College of Bytown in 1848 by the first bishop of the Catholic Archdiocese of Ottawa, Joseph-Bruno Guigues. Placed under the direction of the Oblates of Mary Immaculate, it was renamed the College of Ottawa in 1861 and received university status five years later through a royal charter. On 5 February 1889, the university was granted a pontifical charter by Pope Leo XIII, elevating the institution to a pontifical university. The university was reorganized on July 1, 1965, as a corporation, independent from any outside body or religious organization. As a result, the civil and pontifical charters were kept by the newly created Saint Paul University, federated with the university. The remaining civil faculties were retained by the reorganized university.The University of Ottawa is the largest English-French bilingual university in the world. The university offers a wide variety of academic programs, administered by ten faculties including the University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine, the University of Ottawa Faculty of Law, the Telfer School of Management, and the University of Ottawa Faculty of Social Sciences. The University of Ottawa Library includes 12 branches, holding a collection of over 4.5 million titles. The university is a member of the Canadian U15 group of research-intensive universities, with a research income of CA$324.581 million in 2017.The school is co-educational and enrolls over 35,000 undergraduate and over 6,000 post-graduate students. The school has approximately 7,000 international students from 150 countries, accounting for 17 per cent of the student population. The university has a network of more than 195,000 alumni. The university's athletic teams are known as the Gee-Gees and are members of U Sports...581 million in 2017.
Past studies have found an unexpectedly small and inconsistent association between perfectionistic standards and test anxiety. Our goal was to unpack this association through the lens of a novel theory: The Model of Excellencism and Perfectionism. Results of Study 1 (N= 273) showed higher test anxiety, fear of failure, and mistake rumination for perfection strivers compared to excellence strivers. Results of Study 2 (N= 248) replicated these findings. Also, they showed that perfection strivers are more likely than excellence strivers to catastrophize about small mistakes, use reassurance seeking safety behaviors, and underperform in their exams. Excellencism and perfectionism are related but different pursuits, and their differentiation is essential to unveil the unhealthy role of perfectionistic standards in the nomological network of test anxiety. Our findings realign empirical knowledge with theories and interventions and enhance the impetus to intervene on the perfectionistic standards of students in schools.
Peripherally administered therapeutics for neurological indications are challenged with anatomical and physiological barriers that limit their ability to access their site of action in the central nervous system (CNS). This is particularly true for complex therapeutics such as antibodies, immunotherapeutics, and gene therapies. The blood–brain barrier is the specialized structure that functionally regulates the ability of blood constituents to access the CNS. Blood–brain barrier delivery technologies for protein therapeutics have been established in pre-clinical models and are beginning to be verified in clinical studies. Technologies reliant on the transcellular pathway across the blood–brain barrier utilize the receptor-mediated transcytosis mechanism. Research into the use of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) to deliver complex therapeutics has tremendously expanded in recent years. Lipid nanoparticles represent a compelling alternative to viral vectors for the delivery of various gene therapy modalities, including messenger RNA, small interfering RNA, and antisense oligonucleotides. Functionalization of LNPs with blood–brain barrier-penetrant moieties is being explored as a means to enable CNS delivery of LNP-based therapeutics. The recent innovations and validation of LNP-based delivery systems have hastened the fulfillment of the promise of facile CNS-targeted gene therapies. This review focuses on functional aspects of the blood–brain barrier and how they relate to recent advances in LNP technologies for CNS delivery, as well as their potential impact on gene therapy.
Water main breaks remain a persistent challenge to the reliability and sustainability of urban water distribution networks, yet accurate prediction is difficult because of interacting effects of infrastructure aging, environmental conditions, and operational factors. This review presents a structured synthesis of pipe break prediction models, including simplistic, physical-based, deterministic, probabilistic, and machine learning approaches. Unlike prior studies that emphasize individual techniques, the review compares these model families within a unified analytical framework, focusing on data requirements, interpretability, scalability, and practical utility for water utilities. Key predictive variables such as pipe age, diameter, and temperature are examined together with additional factors including soil properties, seasonal climate variability, and operational parameters such as hydraulic pressure. The review also discusses recurring challenges related to limited data availability, inconsistent records, and measurement uncertainty. Results highlight fundamental trade-offs among model transparency, data demand, and predictive performance. Machine learning approaches can capture complex nonlinear relationships when large datasets are available, but their implementation often requires substantial data infrastructure and careful validation. Physical and deterministic models provide clearer interpretability but may oversimplify system dynamics, while probabilistic models explicitly represent uncertainty yet require careful parameterization and calibration. Based on this synthesis, several research gaps are identified, including limited integration of environmental and operational datasets, inadequate treatment of censored or incomplete failure records, difficulties transferring models across utilities, and the absence of standardized benchmarking practices. Future research directions include hybrid physics–machine learning frameworks, improved uncertainty quantification, and standardized evaluation methods to support more reliable infrastructure maintenance planning and strategic asset management for water utilities worldwide and policymakers and practitioners.
The extensor mechanism of the knee is essential for maintaining normal daily function and for activities such as walking and athletic performance. It comprises the quadriceps muscles and tendon, patella and peripatellar fat pads, patellofemoral joint and retinacula, patellar tendon, and tibial tuberosity. Disruption of any component can result in pain, instability, or loss of active extension. Owing to its superficial location and continuous biomechanical loading, it is particularly vulnerable to acute trauma, repetitive microtrauma, chronic degeneration, and traction apophysitis in the pediatric population. Imaging is essential for accurately differentiating between diagnoses and guiding management. Radiographs remain indispensable for assessing patellar height, fracture morphology, and skeletal variants, while computed tomography (CT) is a reliable preoperative tool for defining fracture configuration, comminution, and articular involvement. Ultrasound (US) offers dynamic, high-resolution evaluation of tendons and retinacula, facilitating differentiation of partial from complete tears and assessment of postoperative integrity. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides comprehensive characterization of soft tissues, bone marrow, cartilage, and associated intra-articular pathology, and is central to preoperative planning in complex injuries and patellofemoral instability. In addition to diagnosis, imaging findings directly influence treatment decisions, including fracture fixation strategies, tendon repair or augmentation, and treatment selection. Postoperative imaging plays a vital role in monitoring healing, detecting complications such as construct elongation, re-tear, hardware irritation, and recurrent instability, and guiding rehabilitation. This review highlights the radiological anatomy and injury patterns of the knee extensor mechanism, emphasizing that integrated use of radiographs, ultrasound, and MRI enables accurate, clinically relevant assessment.
Sustainability reports (SRs) are widely criticized for vague disclosures and selective emphasis on positive outcomes, yet systematic research on two core SR challenges remains limited: materiality (whether disclosed content is relevant) and balance (whether both achievements and challenges are reported). Drawing on legitimacy and signaling theory, this study examines 322 reports from 69 apparel companies over 7 years following the Rana Plaza disaster, including a 101-report firm-level subsample affiliated with the Bangladesh Accord and Alliance. We apply a novel pipeline combining SBERT-based thematic alignment against SASB material topic benchmarks with VADER sentiment analysis. Among the firms most directly implicated in the disaster, we find a striking prioritization of environmental issues over labor concerns-an unexpected pattern most consistent with a legitimacy management strategy of emphasizing less politically contested terrain. Across all topics and both analytical levels, reporting tone is significantly and increasingly optimistic, a problematic pattern we interpret as sector-wide rhetorical optimism rather than proof of deliberate misrepresentation. These findings advance the SR literature methodologically and theoretically, and offer a replicable framework for policymakers, assurance providers, and standard setters seeking to monitor SR quality and target verification efforts.
