The University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine is the medical school of the University of Pittsburgh, located in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The School of Medicine, also known as Pitt Med, is consistently ranked as a "Top Medical School" by U.S. News & World Report in both research and primary care. It is ranked 13th in the category of research and 14th in primary care by U.S. News for 2020, and is separately ranked 17th in the Academic Ranking of World Universities list of best medical schools in the world. The school encompasses both a medical program, offering the doctor of medicine, and graduate programs, offering doctor of philosophy and master's degrees in several areas of biomedical science, clinical research, medical education, and medical informatics. Pitt Med is a national leader in biomedical research. In an analysis of National Institutes of Health funding for federal fiscal year 2016, the faculty of the University of Pittsburgh ranked fifth in total grants awarded, with more than $513 million in funding—approximately 90 percent of which went to the School of Medicine. Admission to the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine is highly competitive; the incoming class averaged a score of 517 on the MCAT with an average GPA of 3.86. In 2017, 6,151 people applied and 796 were interviewed for 148 positions in the medical school's entering class.The School of Medicine is closely affiliated with the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC). UPMC is considered a leading American health care provider, as its flagship facilities have ranked in the U.S. News & World Report "Honor Roll" of the approximately 15 to 20 best hospitals in America for over a decade. In 2017, for the 18th time in recent years, UPMC appears on the U.S. News and World Report Honor Roll of American's Best Hospitals. UPMC Presbyterian Shadyside ranked 14th overall, making it the highest-ranked medical center in Pittsburgh, and was one of only 20 hospitals nationwide that made the Honor Roll of the “nation’s best” in the 2017 survey. Nationally, UPMC is recognized for excellence in 14 of 16 specialty areas and is among the top 10 hospitals in three specialties: diabetes and endocrinology, gastroenterology and GI surgery, and pulmonology. UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh is ranked ninth overall and ranked in all 10 of 10 pediatric specialties included in the magazine's survey, four of which were ranked in the top 10.The School of Medicine is one of sixteen schools that comprise the University of Pittsburgh and is located in the Oakland neighborhood of the city of Pittsburgh.
Histiocytoses are clonal hematopoietic disorders frequently driven by mutations mapping to the BRAF and MEK1 and MEK2 kinases. Currently, however, the developmental origins of histiocytoses in patients are not well understood, and clinically meaningful therapeutic targets outside of BRAF and MEK are undefined. In this study, we uncovered activating mutations in CSF1R and rearrangements in RET and ALK that conferred dramatic responses to selective inhibition of RET (selpercatinib) and crizotinib, respectively, in patients with histiocytosis.
Intelligence testing is an important tool for clinicians to help in diagnosis and treatment planning for children with neurodevelopmental disabilities. Although interpreting IQ profiles is a common clinical practice, there are concerns regarding the validity and reliability of such scores. Previous research has shown relatively stable global measures of IQ, but less stable scores within index or subtest score. More research is needed to better understand the long-term stability of IQ scores within autistic and other neurodevelopmental populations who may have more instability in their scores over time. We tested the long-term stability of IQ scores using the same test over time (Stanford-Binet, Fifth Edition; SB-5) in a large clinical sample of 650 youth with autism (n = 236) or other neurodevelopmental disabilities (n = 414), over a period of 4 months to 11 years. In addition to IQ scores, we also tested consistency of scatter scores, overall profiles, and strengths and weaknesses using linear mixed effects models. Results indicated overall consistency of FSIQ scores (ICC = 0.86), slightly less stability for VIQ and NVIQ, and low stability for abbreviated IQ as well as index and subtest scores. The consistency of cognitive profiles, scatter scores, and strengths and weaknesses was poor. Younger age was the best predictor of higher FSIQ instability. Long-term stability of IQ in neurodevelopmental disabilities appears similar to results from other studies with different clinical and nonclinical groups. Implications and recommendations are discussed.
Cells can recover from sub-lethal necrosis by repairing plasma-membrane (PM) rupture through the ESCRT-III machinery, but how this process is regulated remains unknown. Here, we identify Toll-interacting protein (Tollip) as a conserved negative regulator for ESCRT-III–mediated PM repair. Quantitative proteomics revealed the enrichment of Tollip at damaged PM. Additionally, microscopy assays in mammalian cells and C. elegans confirmed the recruitment of Tollip to PM injury sites. Tollip deficiency augmented ESCRT-III assembly, improved long-term cell survival after sub-lethal PM damage, and enhanced PM repair, whereas Tollip overexpression suppressed these processes. Tollip translocation occurred independently of Ca2⁺ influx, different from ESCRT-III. Functionally, by limiting PM repair and maintaining sub-lethal PM integrity loss, Tollip ensured optimal chemokine and cytokine production from the plasma-membrane-integrity (PMI) pathway, which is directly triggered by PM ruptures. Thus, Tollip acts as a molecular rheostat that links membrane damage repair and cell recovery to immune signaling.
The prospective pediatric Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (ppCRRT) registry identified the degree of fluid accumulation (FA) at continuous kidney replacement therapy (CKRT) initiation as a predictor of adverse outcomes in children. These predate major advancements in CKRT technology and fluid stewardship. We aimed to describe the epidemiology of FA at CKRT initiation and associated outcomes in a contemporary paediatric cohort. Secondary analysis of Worldwide Exploration of Renal Replacement Outcomes Collaborative in Kidney Disease (WE-ROCK), a retrospective, multicenter study (35 centers, 9 countries) of patients ≤ 25 years treated with CKRT from 2015 to 2021. Primary Outcome: survival to ICU discharge. Secondary outcomes: ventilator-free and ICU-free days. A total of 1027 patients were included in this analysis. Survival to ICU discharge was 64.5
Evidence is compelling for the safety and acceptable short-term outcomes of concomitant bariatric surgery (BS) and laparoscopic ventral hernia repair (LVHR). No studies have examined patient characteristics that may guide selection between concomitant LVHR and staged operations in patients undergoing laparoscopic Roux-en-Y (LRNY) or sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). A retrospective analysis of patients with concomitant LRNY or LSG and LVHR from 2013–2015. The association of demographics, comorbidities, hernia characteristics, repair technique, and post-operative weight regain was assessed based on hernia recurrence. We included 90 patients, stratified by hernia recurrence (yes: N = 30, 33.3
