The University of Puerto Rico at Carolina (UPRC or UPR-Carolina) is a public college in Carolina, Puerto Rico. It is part of the University of Puerto Rico (UPR) and is better known as CRCA or CUNICA from its former names in Spanish of Colegio Regional de Carolina and Colegio Universitario de Carolina respectively.UPRCA is the only college in the UPR with an academic calendar divided into quarters instead of semesters, allowing complete studies in less time. It enrolls approximately 4,000 students..
PurposeIn this paper, the authors study the risk profile of American depositary receipts (ADRs) from China before and after COVID-19. The sample includes both single and dual-listed ADRs.Design/methodology/approachThe authors consider three classical risk metrics: total risk (standard deviation of returns), systematic risk (beta) and idiosyncratic or specific risk (standard deviation of the residuals of a market model regression), to examine and contrast the risk estimates of single-listed ADRs with those attained by dual-listed ADRs.FindingsThe authors find that single-listed ADRs are riskier than their dual-listed counterparts and single-listed investors are not compensated for the extra risk they bore during this special time in history.Originality/valueExamining the risk profile of single-listed ADRs is important for investors as they trade daily in US exchanges, but their underlying stock is not listed in their home market. This distinctive characteristic represents an additional risk to investors, given that if the ADR program closes, they will be left with unlisted and illiquid ordinary shares.
Puerto Rico has experienced increasingly frequent and intense extreme heat conditions in recent years, with the 2023–2024 warm seasons standing out for prolonged periods of dangerously high heat index values and widespread spatial exposure. These conditions are particularly concerning in tropical island environments, where high humidity limits physiological cooling and amplifies heat-related health risks. The main objective of this study is to identify and characterize extreme heat zones and events across Puerto Rico using NOAA-modeled heat index (apparent temperature) data, as well as to examine their spatial and temporal variability during the 2021–2024 period. Hourly modeled apparent temperature data between 2 and 4 pm, representing the warmest time of day, were analyzed for each day from June through October. Mean maximum and maximum heat index surfaces were generated for each month and warm season, and extreme heat zones were identified using the 103 °F (39.4 °C) danger threshold. Results show a persistent concentration of extreme heat in low-elevation coastal regions, particularly across the northern coastal plains from San Juan to Hatillo, with floodplain areas in Arecibo and Manatí exhibiting the highest and most consistent exposure. August was identified as the month with the highest mean maximum heat index across all study years, followed by September. The warm seasons of 2023 and 2024 exhibited the highest magnitudes and spatial extents of extreme heat, with some regions experiencing apparent temperatures exceeding 110 °F and up to 141 extreme heat days during peak afternoon hours. The findings indicate a transition from localized heat hotspots to widespread and sustained extreme heat exposure across Puerto Rico’s coastal regions. This study provides an island-scale assessment of extreme heat patterns with direct implications for public health, infrastructure planning, and heat-risk management in a warming tropical climate.
The Circular Economy (CE) offers a sustainable alternative to the linear economic model, but research has neglected the role of the consumer and, even more, how intentions are affected by actual consumption actions. This study analyzes, under the value-belief-norm (VBN) theory, how awareness and perceived value influence attitudes towards circular products in Puerto Rico, Dominican Republic, Colombia, and Costa Rica, and how this attitude affects ethical purchasing intentions and behaviors. The results provide theoretical insights into the gap between purchase intention and the actual purchase of CE-derived products. The results reflect that factors such as environmental awareness, practical value, and attitudes towards circular models are predictors that explain how intentions turn into actual behaviors. However, economic factors, lack of emotional and cognitive connections to circular products, and structural barriers limit consumers’ personal norms, making the transition from intention to actual purchase behavior difficult to achieve.
El cuento corto “La carta” de José Luis González, publicado en 1948, es considerado el precursor de la minificción en Puerto Rico. Más adelante en 1956 Pedro Juan Soto publica Spiks, libro que incluye siete cuentos y seis “miniaturas” o viñetas hiperbreves. El libro presenta la realidad de los puertorriqueños en Nueva York a mediados del siglo XX. Hasta este momento, no se han considerado las “Miniaturas” de Soto como antecedente de la escritura hiperbreve en Puerto Rico. Este ensayo propone probar dicha premisa partiendo del estudio de los rasgos discursivos, formales y temáticos según el modelo de David Roas para analizar microrrelatos. El ensayo incluye ejemplos concretos de las “Miniaturas”, así como el apoyo bibliográfico de algunos críticos como Irene Andres-Suárez, Francisca Noguerol, Belén Mateos Blanco, Raúl Brasca, Lauro Zavala, entre otros. Se comprobó que los rasgos discursivos de narratividad, hiperbrevedad y fractalidad; los rasgos formales como trama, personajes, tiempo y espacio, diálogo y final sorpresivo; así como los rasgos temáticos de ironía, humor e intención crítica del autor se encuentran en las “Miniaturas” de Pedro Juan Soto. Se concluyó que, ciertamente, estas viñetas son un precursor de la minificción puertorriqueña.
