University of Raparin

This study reports the synthesis of a series of oxazepine derivatives via a condensation reaction between amines and various benzaldehyde derivatives, using benzene as the solvent. The resulting intermediates were subsequently reacted with pyridine-5,7-dione anhydride in dry benzene to afford oxazepine derivatives (H1–H6). The synthesized compounds were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H-NMR) spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry. Reaction progress was monitored using thin-layer chromatography (TLC). The antioxidant activity of compounds H1–H6 was evaluated and compared with that of vitamin C. In addition, molecular docking studies were performed for selected compounds (H1, H4, and H6) against tyrosinase (PDB ID: 3NM8) to identify optimal binding sites and evaluate interactions with neighboring residues. The docked complexes exhibited RMSD values of 1.16, 1.40, and 1.30 Å for H1, H4, and H6, respectively. Among the tested compounds, H4 showed the highest binding affinity, in good agreement with the experimental results. Overall, the synthesized oxazepine derivatives demonstrated moderate antioxidant activity, warranting further in vivo investigation.

This study examines the determinants of green purchase behavior (GPB) among young consumers in a digital context by integrating drive for environmental responsibility (DER), social media attachment (SMA), green product knowledge (GPK), and green consumption values (GCV) within the Theory of Reciprocal Determinism (TRD). In addition, it investigates the moderating role of SMA in the relationship between DER and GPB, as well as the role of attitude in the link between GCV and GPB. Survey data from 285 participants aged 18 to 30 collected using a non-probability sampling method. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) were utilized in the study. The findings reveal that DER, SMA, GPK, and GCV positively influence GPB. However, the moderating effects of SMA and attitude are not supported, indicating that these factors act as independent predictors rather than conditional influencers of GPB. These results provide theoretical insights into the stability of behavioral drivers and reinforce the importance of cognitive and environmental determinants within the TRD framework, even without significant interaction effects. The findings emphasize the significance of individual DER, digital engagement, GPK, and values among urbanized and digitally connected youth, promoting GPB in the digital era. The research offers an original contribution by integrating DER and SMA within the TRD framework in the context of Malaysian digital sustainability. It extends green consumption beyond the Western perspective and provides novel empirical evidence from an emerging economy. The study highlights the theoretical, practical, and policy implications of these findings.

This study systematically examines the influence of glycerol (9-45 wt%) as a plasticizer on the structural, physicochemical, and electrochemical properties of chitosan-dextran-LiClO4-Al2O3 nanocomposite polymer electrolytes prepared by solution casting. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy revealed a pronounced reduction in bulk resistance from 64,310 Omega to 160 Omega and an increase in ionic conductivity from 0.04 to 18.10 mu S cm-1 (over 450-fold). The relaxation time (tau) decreased from 1441.49 to 4.18 mu s, indicating accelerated ion reorientation and enhanced charge-carrier mobility at higher glycerol content. FTIR analysis evidences strong hydrogen-bonding interactions among polymer hydroxyl/amine groups, Li+ ions, and Al2O3 nanoparticles, which promote salt dissociation and complex formation. Increasing glycerol content also elevated the dielectric constant (epsilon ') and dielectric loss (epsilon ''), reflecting intensified dipolar and interfacial polarization and a higher mobile charge density. Glycerol augmented the amorphous fraction and segmental mobility, thereby facilitating ion transport. The optimized CS-Dextran-LiClO4-Al2O3-glycerol film demonstrates significantly improved ionic and dielectric performance, making it a promising solid polymer electrolyte for advanced electrochemical and energy-storage applications.

This study systematically investigates the role of glycerol concentration as a plasticizer in controlling structure–ion transport relationships in methylcellulose (MC)–dextran–sorbitol nanocomposite polymer electrolyte (NPE) films doped with lithium nitrate (LiNO3, 38 wt

Environmental concerns of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) promote the advancement of alternatives. Limestone calcined clay cement (LC3) is expected to emerge as a novel and sustainable type of cement. This study examines locally available non-kaolinite clayey soil in two phases. Initially, the calcination temperature, the proportion of calcined clay of 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50% of OPC weight, and the ratio of calcined clay to limestone powder (CC:SL) 1:0, 1:1, 2:1, and 3:1 were examined. The outcomes were 700°C, 40%, and 2:1, respectively. The best combinations were augmented with recycled polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and carbon fibre (CF) at proportions of 0%, 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% of the binder’s weight. The flowability of the fresh composite was assessed. The mechanical parameters were examined, such as compressive strength, flexural strength, and splitting tensile strength. The durability characteristics of fire resistance, water absorption, water sorptivity, and porosity were studied. According to the results, 1.5% and 1% of the PET and CF fibre contents showed the best mechanical and durability properties. Nevertheless, the augmentation of fibres regularly diminished flowability. This study illustrates the feasibility of utilising locally sourced clayey soil as a pozzolanic material for the production of LC3.