This study investigates two burial-related remagnetizations in the Jaca-Pamplona foreland basin (Southern Pyrenees): one with dual polarity and a positive reversals test, and another with only reverse polarity. These components, labeled C3 and C4 based on their mean unblocking temperatures, were identified from a paleomagnetic analysis of 142 sites in Eocene turbidites of the Hecho Group. Component C3 shows unblocking temperatures of 250 degrees C-350 degrees C, systematic reverse polarity, and a predominantly post-folding timing. Component C4 exhibits unblocking temperatures of 250 degrees C-550 degrees C, dual polarity and a mainly syn-to postfolding acquisition. The spatial distribution of C4 polarity defines WNW-ESE bands parallel to structures and younging southward. The acquisition of C4 is interpreted as a chemical remagnetization triggered by progressive burial driven by combined sedimentary and tectonic loading that increased temperatures (up to similar to 250 degrees C in the deeper northern sectors, according to previous paleotemperature studies). This thermal evolution promoted authigenic, stable single-domain magnetite growth, beginning during the Lutetian (chron C20) and probably ending in the Rupelian (chrons C11-C10) as uplift and exhumation progressed. In contrast, the reverse polarity and post-folding behavior of component C3 suggest a mixed origin involving both chemical remagnetization and a thermoviscous overprint during the long chron C12r (Rupelian), contemporaneous with the youngest reverse C4 band and preceding the final exhumation of the basin. These findings highlight the complex interplay among tectonics, sedimentation, and chemical remagnetization processes in the South Pyrenean foreland, providing new insight into the timing and kinetics of remagnetization in fold-and-thrust belts.
Corporate sustainability has become a strategic priority in response to growing regulatory, social and environmental pressures, placing greater emphasis on governance structures, such as board composition, that shape the incorporation of ethical and sustainable values into corporate decision-making. In this context, this study analyses the influence of gender diversity on boards of directors on eco-innovation in products and processes, also examining the moderating role played by the environmental orientation of the organisational system. To this end, an international sample of 5340 companies from the Refinitiv Workspace database during the period 2016-2023 is used. The results show that a higher proportion of women on boards of directors significantly drive eco-innovation in products and processes, while organisational environmental orientation has a positive effect on companies' innovative capacity. However, there is a negative moderating effect between the two variables, indicating a substitution relationship. Likewise, factors such as company size, liquidity and profitability reinforce the propensity to innovate environmentally, while global events between 2020 and 2023 acted as drivers of sustainable strategies. These results underscore the importance of integrating diversity into senior management and consolidating organisational structures committed to sustainability, creating a governance framework capable of generating environmental innovation, resilience and long-term sustainable value.
As global financial markets increasingly integrate non-financial criteria, companies are reinforcing the strategic role of sustainability and its impact on market value, although this cannot overlook how different institutional structures shape investor perceptions. This study examines (i) whether firms with higher environmental, social and governance (ESG) performance are perceived by markets as having greater future growth opportunities, and (ii) how institutional environments, measured through the dimensions of the Quintuple Helix Model (QHM), namely the economic, educational, political-legal, cultural and environmental systems, condition this relationship. Based on a panel of European listed companies over the 2013-2023 period, we find that companies with stronger sustainability performance are generally associated with higher growth potential, suggesting that ESG engagement is recognized by investors as a relevant dimension of organizations' expectations. The analysis also reveals cross-country differences in this association, consistent with the idea that markets interpret sustainability through their own institutional contexts.
We study the influence of the instantaneous appearance of a conformal Killing vector (CKV) in self-gravitating fluid spheres during their evolution. For doing that we introduce a tensor variable whose time dependence allows the existence of a CKV for a given value of the time-like coordinate. We consider adiabatic and dissipative fluids. The analysis of different relevant physical variables in this process provides a smoking gun signature from the emergence of CKV at some point of the evolution. Prospective applications of these results, as well as open questions and pending issues related to this problem, are discussed.
This research investigates the relationships between the parameters of the GR4J hydrological model and a set of morphometric descriptors, climatic indices, land-cover characteristics, and soil properties across the Caquet & aacute; River Basin (Colombia). Twelve limnimetric-limnographic gauges with consistent records for the period 2001-2022 were selected for model calibration and validation. The corresponding sub-watersheds were delineated and characterized in terms of geomorphometry, vegetation cover, and soil permeability. According to that, the morphometric assessment focused on estimating key geomorphometric parameters, while land-cover descriptions utilized NDVI data. Soil type identification was based on the average approximate permeability across each analyzed sub-watershed. Model calibration was performed using the Differential Evolution Markov Chain (DE-MC) algorithm with 8000 simulations, forced by CHIRPS satellite precipitation and ERA5 potential evaporation data. Relationships between GR4J parameters and watershed attributes were assessed using Spearman's rank correlation and curve-fitting analyses. The results reveal strong and consistent relationships between GR4J parameters (X1-X4) and key morphometric variables, including basin perimeter, circularity ratio, main channel length, and channel slope. Coefficients of determination ranged from 0.80 to 0.98, highlighting the potential for parameter regionalization based on physiographic and environmental descriptors.
