Dr. Aleli A. Villocino(VP for Student Affairs & Services)Dr. Remberto A. Patindol(VP for Administration & Finance)Dr. Othello B. Capuno(VP for Research, Extension & Innovation)The Visayas State University (VSU; Filipino: Pamantasang Pampamahalaan ng Visayas) is a university located in the city of Baybay, province of Leyte, Philippines. The five-campus VSU system has eight colleges, three institutes and one school. Located in the main campus are the College of Veterinary Medicine, College of Engineering and Technology, College of Education, College of Forestry and Environmental Science, College of Arts and Science, College of Nursing, College of Management and Economics, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Institute of Strategic Research and Development Studies, Institute of Tropical Ecology and Environmental Management, Institute of Human Kinetics, and the Graduate School and Special Programs.Visayas State University is acknowledged by the Philippine Department of Tourism as a tourist destination for its diverse flora and fauna bounding the mainland and sea from side to side. With Mount Pangasugan and the Camotes Sea as VSU's backdrop. VSU administration promotes the school as a "Resort University" for having resorts, seafront suites, cottages, and providing services like bungalows catering to visitors and tourists coming over to the university.
With lifestyle changes brought by modern advancements, understanding students' physical activity and attitudes toward Physical Education is vital for promoting lifelong health and well-being. Thus, this study investigated the levels of physical activity and attitudes toward Physical Education among 880 Physical Activities Toward Health and Fitness students in the first semester of AY 2024-2025 across gender groups and Physical Activities Toward Health and Fitness course offerings, using a sequential explanatory mixed-methods design. The validated researcher-made questionnaire, patterned after the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire and Ishee and Smith's attitudinal instrument, was used to gather the quantitative data. On the other hand, qualitative data were collected through a focus group discussion. The study's results revealed a high level of physical activity and positive attitudes toward Physical Education across all gender groups and course offerings, with males having a slightly higher mean score than females. The results also revealed a significant relationship between physical activity and attitude across all dimensions (p < .001). Significant differences were observed between male and female students in both physical activity and attitudes toward Physical Education across all Physical Activities Toward Health and Fitness courses. Qualitative findings highlighted themes of lifestyle movement, social influences, gendered preferences, barriers, and the value of the Physical Activities Toward Health and Fitness courses. The findings emphasize the necessity of inclusive, diverse, and student-centered physical education curricula.
This study conducts a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of research on domination in graph theory from 1961 to 2024, based on Scopus-indexed publications retrieved using the query (dominating OR domination) AND graph. The analysis examines publication trends, key contributors, collaboration patterns, citation impact, and emerging research themes. Results indicate a significant and sustained increase in research output, particularly in recent decades. Henning, M.A., Hedetniemi, S.T., and Haynes, T.W. are identified as the most highly cited researchers, underscoring their foundational contributions to the field. Co-authorship network analysis reveals strong international collaborations, with Sheikhholeslami, S.M. exhibiting the highest total link strength, while the United States emerges as the leading hub for global research partnerships. Keyword co-occurrence analysis identifies four major research clusters: graph algorithms, graph-theoretic foundations, domination variants, and binary graph operations. Notably, recent studies increasingly focus on how domination properties evolve under different graph operations. Citation network analysis confirms the enduring influence of foundational studies while highlighting a shift towards computational and applied methodologies. These findings highlight the transition from theoretical to applied research, emphasizing the role of advanced algorithms, interdisciplinary approaches, and large-scale computational techniques. Future research directions should explore machine learning-based optimization, domination in evolving networks, and applications in cybersecurity, bioinformatics, and large-scale social networks.
Background: Maternity clinics serve as critical entry points for preventing mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV through antenatal screening, counseling, and referral. Despite the enactment of the Philippine HIV and AIDS Policy Act (Republic Act No. 11166), variations in the delivery of HIV testing and MTCT prevention services persist across health facilities, particularly at the local level. Objectives: This study described the awareness, attitudes, and practices of nurses and midwives in maternity clinics regarding HIV testing and MTCT prevention in selected municipalities of Leyte, Philippines. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted among 90 nurses and midwives from public and private maternity clinics in Ormoc City, Baybay City, Albuera, Inopacan, and Hindang. Data were collected using a validated and pilot-tested questionnaire with acceptable to excellent internal consistency (KR-20 = 0.706–0.894). Analysis was limited to frequencies and percentages. Results: Overall awareness of MTCT prevention (90.56%) and government HIV laws and policies (94.89%) was high. Attitudes toward HIV-positive pregnant women were mixed: while 61.11% reported feeling at ease in providing care, 91.11% perceived occupational risk. Regarding practices, 65.56% of clinics reported implementing routine HIV testing for pregnant women, with lower uptake of repeat testing and partner testing. Public clinics were more likely to offer HIV testing than private clinics. Reported constraints included financial limitations (41.11%) and legal or regulatory concerns (35.56%). Conclusion: Although maternity clinic staff demonstrated high awareness of MTCT prevention and HIV policies, inconsistencies in testing practices and residual attitudinal concerns were observed, particularly across facility types. These findings provide baseline descriptive evidence that may inform local planning, monitoring, and strengthening of MTCT prevention services.
Snakebite envenomation remains a substantial public health burden in the Philippines, particularly in the Eastern Visayas, where the Samar cobra (Naja samarensis) is endemic. In rural communities without trained snake handlers or formal relocation services, residents may install perimeter barriers against venomous snakes. We report three incidents of N. samarensis entrapment on a residential fishnet fence in Barangay Pangasugan, Baybay City, Leyte, between July 2025 and March 2026. All three snakes died of entanglement; no human envenomation occurred, in part because no resident attempted removal. The fishnet had been installed with the explicit intent of trapping, not merely deterring, snakes, a strategy carrying substantial risk of secondary envenomation. These observations reflect not resident negligence but a structural gap in community-level snakebite prevention. We argue for locally led snake rescuer training, structured education, environmental risk reduction, and improved antivenom positioning, integrated with the WHO 2030 snakebite roadmap.
Good Agricultural Practices (GAPs) are promoted in the Philippines to strengthen food safety, improve product quality, and enhance farmers’ access to competitive markets, yet adoption remains limited among smallholders. This study examines the determinants of GAP compliance across 224 vegetable-producing households in Leyte, Misamis Oriental, and Bukidnon, with particular attention to gender roles and intra-household dynamics using the Harvard Analytical Framework. Compliance was measured through a 54-item score based on Philippine National Standard (PNS/BAFS 49:2021), and ordinary least squares regression was applied. Results show that socio-demographic, institutional, and market factors—particularly farmer age, training exposure, income diversification, crop diversity, and reliance on traditional markets—are the primary drivers of compliance. While gender is not the main driver, it still influences adoption through intra-household pathways, particularly in labor allocation and resource governance. Men's productive labor is associated with the implementation of labor-intensive practices, while women's role is more evident in resource governance. A significant interaction between women's access to and control over resources indicates that empowerment influences compliance only when both dimensions are present. Policy efforts to improve GAP adoption should prioritize integrated, gender-responsive approaches that align training, market incentives, and financial support with household-level constraints. Future research should further examine intra-household dynamics using longitudinal or mixed methods to better capture causal pathways and variations across farming contexts.
