The Valence-Consistent Shift (VCS) effect–a foundational principle in framing theory–holds that consumers generally respond more favorably to positively framed information than to negatively framed information. While this effect is well established in human-delivered service contexts, its applicability to AI-powered service encounters remains underexplored. This study investigates whether, and under what conditions, the VCS effect works in AI-powered services. Five studies demonstrate that positive attribute framing generally works better than negative attribute framing in promoting AI-powered services. However, this effect reverses when the service is personalized (vs. standardized) and may attenuate when the decision-maker is the service provider (vs. service receiver). Drawing on regulatory focus theory and processing fluency, we further identify the underlying psychological mechanism driving these effects. This research extends the VCS effect to AI-powered service contexts by identifying boundary conditions under which the effect is strengthened, weakened, or reversed. It also provides evidence that processing fluency helps explain how attribute framing interacts with AI-powered service contexts to influence customer response.
In this study, an iodine-free 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium iodide (BmimI) ionic liquid, modified with acetonitrile (AN), was employed as a redox mediator using a facile approach to enhance DSSC performance. The optical properties of BmimI-AN(1:2) electrolyte (BmimI: AN = 1:2 w/w) indicate low absorption and high transmittance in the visible region. In addition to the UV-Vis spectra, Raman spectra also confirm the presence of the in-situ generated I_3^- ions, which are sufficient to complete the reaction mechanism in DSSCs. Conductivity measurements revealed that the BmimI-AN(1:2) electrolyte possesses excellent ionic conductivity compared to BmimI and standard commercial I^-/I_3^- electrolytes. The photovoltaic performances of the fabricated devices were analysed under simulated irradiation at an intensity of 100 mWcm–2 using a Xe lamp with an AM 1.5 filter. The BmimI-AN(1:2) electrolyte led to a higher power conversion efficiency (PCE) in DSSC, reaching up to 6.26 ± 0.21
The aim of this concise qualitative evidence synthesis is to identify qualitative research exploring how individuals 60 years and older with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) experience their contact with healthcare services. Despite a comprehensive and systematic search, only one relevant study addressing the experiences of this population was identified. The study revealed that older adults with ASD face significant barriers in healthcare access, including feeling misunderstood, communication challenges related to literal thinking, and sensory sensitivities. Our concise evidence synthesis underscores a critical gap in the existing literature and underscores the need for further research regarding the specific needs of older adults with ASD.
Recently, a hitherto unknown class of renormalization group stable relations between parameters of bosonic field theories has been identified and dubbed as the r0 or "GOOFy" symmetries. Here, one-loop properties of the r0 invariant two-Higgs doublet model and a minimal symmetric model are discussed. It is concluded that the symmetry is present at the one-loop provided the UV cutoff squared transforms nontrivially under r0. The minimal model requires the presence of two real fields.
