Throughout the world, greater demand for energy in developing nations has been putting pressure on the availability and cost of all natural resources. Energy costs on the rise and demand for electricity is steadily increasing. Nearly 25 percent of the population of 105 developing countries had no electricity. Fossil fuel generation of electricity is the largest single source of greenhouse-gas emissions worldwide. In this paper, we proposed a novel approach for Hydropower generation based on hourglass working principle by circulating the water in the system. In our approach, six hexadecimal shaped PVC water containers were kept inside the external circular container. The water inside the containers will be circulated from top container to bottom container through the turbine. Turbine is kept in the center of the inner circular container. The whole system is symmetric to balance the load. The minimal force is used to rotate the system clockwise, phase by phase to balance the load. The hydropower is generated by operating the system which is renewable, cheaper and pollution free.
There has been drastic change and improvement in the software development after the publication of Agile manifesto[1] in, 2001. Agile Software Development (ASD) has changed the way of technology of manufacturing methods as it is easily applicable to the changes that consumer wanted to occur in its product Agile Software Development works on the practical purposes rather than documentation, as it is adapted by several successful industries for their manufacturing techniques. Besides the successful implementation of agile methods, there are still those large scale industries and organizations which are inadequate to apply the methods of Agile for their complex software projects. Hence, we have observed that Agile manifesto along with Agile Software Development bring out the faster change and more appropriate changes which is very much efficacious than the traditional models like waterfall model, Iterative model, etc. which have been created in previous time for the development purposes. In this paper, we have discussed the variations that have occurred and observed during its implementation. This paper is also providing software organizations deeper understanding about the factors that are important to ensure quality in Agile. This paper also review the recommendations for its implementation based on large complex projects and technologies which include the renovation of complex coding, testing, communication tools, etc. which will be the step towards success of Agile adaptation on large projects for the software development.
Microstrip patch antenna finds a better choice in wireless communications because of their less cost, light weight and ease of fabrication. This paper proposes a novel design for the bandwidth enhancement of microstrip patch antenna with parasitic patch placed adjacent to the radiating patch along with the slots. The proposed structure is designed at 8.5 GHz using FR4-epoxy as substrate material that has relative permittivity 4.4 and loss tangent 0.02. HFSS (High Frequency Structure Simulator) software is used for simulating the proposed design. This antenna obtained the return loss -41.4.30 dB, gain 5.3542 dB, directivity 5.4612 dB and VSWR 1.0172. Comparative analysis with various slots on both main patch and parasitic patch has been done for various antenna parameters like; return loss, gain, directivity and VSWR. The results clearly explain that the proposed design has favourable characteristics suitable for X-band applications.
Effective utilization of resonating structure in RFID tags is studied in this paper. Petal shaped semicircular resonating structure is direct coupled with the strip line. For enhanceing the characteristics, the single base resonator is modified. Useing ANSYS HFSS the resonator structure is optimized for performance analysis. Validation of the optimized resonator is done, both the measured and simulated results are found to be in compromise with each other.
The paper presents a concept of seven switch power electronic topology capable of performing motoring, regeneration, plug-in charging and IC engine charging for converted plug-in hybrid topology. First, Integrated Converter act as charger reducing requirement of separate converter for charging with single phase charging functions (with the facility of three phase). Second, the same converter is used for charging the main battery when the internal combustion engine is running. Third, the same converter will act as an inverter in electric/hybrid electric mode supplying power to wheels through motor from the battery. Forth, the regeneration mode, the machine's phase windings energize the dc-link voltage i.e. battery through same converter act as a rectifier. The electrical energy flow within the drivetrain is controlled by a power electronic converter with less power switching devices and magnetic devices. During charging mode, the power converter and the machine phase windings are controlled with a three-phase magnetic contactor to enable the use of the ac-dc rectifier for charging the battery. It has the advantage of charging through IC engine at running and standstill condition. The passive power factor correction is used while plug-in charging mode, moreover optional active power factor correction for very high-quality input waveform and non-isolated grid charging is possible. Simulation results in MATLAB/Simulink validate the effectiveness of the proposed topology at different modes.
In this paper, a new window function is proposed, which can be used to design an FIR filter. The window is adjustable as by changing the value of a variable, the window can be adjusted accordingly. The proposed window is compared with hamming & Kaiser window. The result implies that, the proposed window has better side-lobe roll-off ratio (24.65 dB) than hamming (5.74 dB) & Kaiser (18.87 dB) window. Besides the ripple ratio of hamming & Kaiser window are -55.72 dB & -21.29 dB while the proposed window has -63.05 dB which is better than both windows. FIR filter, designed using the proposed window, has 24.78 dB side-lobe roll-off ratio, where hamming & Kaiser windows have 5.71 dB & 18.76 dB respectively.
Ever since the advent of wireless communication, the subject of antennas has been an active field of research. Over the years, there has been a boom in developments in this field where the performance of antennas has improved in terms of the gain, directivity, bandwidth and size. Mobile communication has been at the forefront of this wireless communication revolution and there has been a constant demand for the improvement of antennas at both — the base station end and the mobile user end. This study aims to trace the hierarchy of dipole antennas used in mobile communication base stations and compare the performance of the basic primitive solutions developed over the years.
In the present work, a novel technique for detection and classification of transient phenomenon occurring in power systems is proposed based on high order statistical moments using empirical mode decomposition (EMD). Occurrence of transient disturbances in power systems are very common and require advanced detection techniques for their proper monitoring. In this study, transient electrical disturbances representing oscillatory transient, impulsive transient and notch are at first analyzed using EMD to extract different IMFs. Then, from each set of decomposed IMFs, higher order statistical moments have been extracted to serve as input features to the classifier. Statistical analysis of the selected features have been done using ANOVA test. Finally, using a k-Nearest Neighbor (kNN) classifier, classification of different power system transient disturbances are done based on the selected feature sets with high discriminative capability. It is observed that the proposed method using higher order statistical moments based on EMD and kNN classifier yields 100% accuracy in recognition of different types of transient disturbances.
The rating systems are important to find the quality of the product or service. These rating systems serve as a guide in finding the perfect one based on different user criteria. Therefore, a sentiment analysis system has been designed for automatic restaurant rating which will be useful to the people in picking their favorite restaurant. The sentiment analysis for restaurant rating system rates the restaurant depending upon the reviews given by the users. The system breaks user comments to check for sentiment keywords. Once the keywords are found, it associates the comment with a sentiment rank. Sentiment analysis can also be extended further to improve the business process. With the customers' reviews, one can understand the changes in the market and improve their product/service. It is also scalable to any type of environment.
Breast cancer became one of the deadliest cancer in women. It occurs when the growth of the cells in breast tissue become out of control. Cells are the building blocks for the organs and tissues in the body. When the growth of new cells are uncontrolled then they build-up mass of tissue called tumor. The tumors are categorized in to benign and malignant tumors. Early diagnosis needs an accurate diagnosis procedure that can be used by physicians to classify whether the tumor is benign or malignant. Classification algorithms are used to classify whether it is benign or malignant tumor. The main objective of this paper is to compare the results of supervised learning classification algorithms and combination of these algorithms using voting classifier technique. Voting is one of the ensemble approach where we can combine multiple models for the better classification. The dataset is taken from Wisconsin University database.
In order to strengthen the framework structure of distribution network, promote the agility of its control methods, and improve its intelligent and automation level, Soft Normally-Open Point (SNOP) as a novel power electronic device is installed in distribution network, which can provide accurate control of real and reactive power flow. This paper proposed the dynamic mathematical model of three-port SNOP in dq coordinates, which is able to connect more feeders or AC systems and improve its extensibility and flexibility. The dual closed-loop cooperative control system was adopted to achieve the multiple target control. In order to get the dynamic response characteristics of three-port SNOP, the simulation model was built and tested in the EMTDC/PSCAD platform with different control strategies. The modified IEEE 33-bus power system was used to demonstrate the benefits of SNOP. The simulation results showed that the three-port SNOP with PV control mode and PV control mode have different degree of advantages in balancing feeders load, reducing power loss and improving the node voltage level.
This work describes a computer aided diagnostic tool for EEG signal classification and analysis. Our main objective is to develop an accurate, automatic and timely classification method for detection of seizures occurring in epileptic patients so that appropriate medical attention can be preemptively provided to the patient The proposed method employs a feature extractor coupled with K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) classifier. The aforementioned feature extractor is based on the principle of the Hilbert Transform. The KNN classifier is employed for automatic classification of the EEG Signals into two categories viz. healthy subjects and epileptic subjects. The KNN classifier is developed with a training feature vector and then tested with a testing feature vector for binary classification of the EEG signals. Our proposed method has been developed using 5 sets of EEG signals from a publicly available EEG time series database. The average accuracy of our proposed scheme is as high as 91.33%.
In this paper a stick guide model represented for visually impaired persons to guide in their way, which consist of a Global Positioning System (GPS) and a Global System for Mobile communication (GSM) modules along with sensors like Ultrasonic and Infrared sensors. This is a smart stick that will make the visually impaired persons guiding their way. GPS module is used in this to get the current location information of the person, that location will be sent via Short Message Service (SMS) to the registered numbers using a GSM module, on pressing of a switch whenever he feels he is lost. Ultrasonic sensors are used for obstacle detection through the ultrasonic waves produced by it, and Infrared sensor is used for level detection and both the sensors are interfaced with the vibrator which vibrates on detecting an obstacle. The main objective of this model is to help a blind to live a better life.
We all are aware of the fact that Telemedicine plays a dominant role in the field of health care. It proposes to provide an expert medical care where the health care is an emergency. This paper outlined a design of a system using LabVIEW, ARDUINO and GSM module which measures different physiological parameters of patient and in case of any emergency situation, quick ambulance service is provided. A telemedicine System is designed using LabVIEW, Arduino and GSM module that helps in tele-diagnosis over long distance and supports in teleconsultation of patients by expert physicians. The system is designed for transmission of essential data from the emergency site to the consultative site. The system can telemetrically communicate to an ambulance for shifting the patients to the hospital in case of emergency.
Sorting technique is one of the most essential process to differentiate or uniquely identify the required object out of a bulk. It has brought revolutionary change in the automation and manufacturing industry and has further given new dimension to the industry. The project is proposed to sort the pencils on the basis of the color. A conveyor driven system has been used for this particular process. It simply displays the concept of an intelligent conveyor belt as it can sort the objects depending upon the color. In the concerned project, sorting process is carried out using LabVIEW, IMAQ vision software and actuation through pneumatics. A pair of IP webcam having low resolution is placed in such a manner that if pencil's color is not recognized by first camera then it can be recognized by the second camera later on. Pair of nozzles is also used for each color arranged in a toggle fashion so that the sorting process can be carried out smoothly.
The structural properties of services have a major role in achieving the SOA capabilities. It is important to validate the service design artifacts. Several metrics are proposed to quantify SOA service design. An enterprise has to focus on service design aspects to achieve the IT-based capabilities in the initial stages of SOA adoption. The existing SOA maturity models provide minimal guidance on design time validation. Therefore, this paper presents a list of structural attributes of service interface that influences the SOA capabilities defined in Welke's SOA maturity model. The existing SOA service design metrics are analyzed to identify the structural properties associated with infrastructure efficiency, service reuse, and composition. The critical attributes are presented to guide the service designers. All these attributes influence the SOA capabilities; however, the degree to which they relate to each capability varies. The future wok includes the metric definition for these attributes to support the maturity assessment of SOA methods.
This paper presents the details of a data acquisition system for space communication. It is efficient, adaptive, secured and low complexity featured CCSDS based Packet Telemetry System. Previously each space agency had its own data handling systems and protocols which were not interoperable. Hence, CCSDS (Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems) was developed as an international standard for telemetry equipment and software [1]. This paper presents a methodology for building the data acquisition system. It is implemented by encapsulating the source packets containing application process data from the satellite within the primary header. This produces a fixed length transfer frame which is error free and reliable as per CCSDS standards. The transfer frame data from the PROM (Programmable Read Only Memory) which contains the application process data is read and defragmented to obtain the source packets at the ground system.
The paper present a gateway level email security solution comprising of content filtering, URL verification and filtering to address the pressing issues from an organization perspective, the challenge of controlling email borne security threats. The encryption of mails was not viable since the receiver's system should support the decryption of the mails, which most of the most of the email recipients does not have. Therefore, access rights management of the email content and attachment was implemented to secure financial transactions correspondence, board meetings minutes of meetings and confidential documents. Overall, the solution has contributed in overcoming the administration overheads involved in managing corporate mails, content filtering of the suspicious mails and malwares. Security challenges and ethical issues faced by the organization to secure the information are also discussed.
Earlier, during open - circuited condition of power line at receiving end side, we have only concept of Ferranti effect, which determines that open voltage, i.e. of receiving end side, of power line is always longer than close voltage, i.e. of sending end side, in case of uncompensated or smaller ohmic value of it. But, here with in this paper for the case of purely uncompensated one again over the domain of certain in continuum from certain finitude to infinitude one, we have concept of lower open voltage in comparison to closed one which in correspondent indicates the concept of Non - Ferranti effect along with equality point in between. For the purpose of such, the variable of independent, as a domain, i.e. X, also considered for such, which being the scalar product of two, which are length and frequency of power which channelize through entire power system (or space). To study the case of such 2 - port network representation of power line is essential and are consider here.
Our capacity to produce and store data has been continuously increasing in the last few years. Therefore, it is essential that our capacity in processing this data does not fall behind. This paper presents and applies a process to retrieve, organize (Bibexcel) and visualize (Pajek) information from scientific (Web of Science) and technological (Derwent World Patent Index) repositories in the biophotonics arena, considering Brazil, China, and the United States. The methodology proposed here can be used to construct solid indicators in science, technology and innovation as a support for decision making in public policies. The proposed process contributes not only as a methodological guidance for scientometric studies, but also as a discussion of how Scientometric approaches can be applied, in practice, to help understand a specific area of research, seen through the lenses of different perspectives and countries. The results of this paper are the development of indicators that will allow more accurate assessments of science, technology, and innovation.
