Background: Adolescent depression is a prevalent and significant public health concern, strongly linked to increased suicidality, poor health outcomes, impaired psychosocial functioning, and substantial societal costs. Although measurement‑based care using validated screening instruments is recommended by clinical practice guidelines, routine use of standardized depression screening tools remains limited in mental health settings. Objective: The purpose of this quality improvement project was to assess the impact of implementing the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 modified for teens (PHQ-9M) in depression screening rates among adolescents aged 11-17 years at an outpatient mental health clinic in Southern Colorado. Methods: A quantitative, quasi‑experimental pre- and post-intervention design was used to evaluate changes in depression screening rates following an 8‑week implementation period. The intervention included integrating the PHQ-9M into the clinic's electronic health records and providing clinician training. Pre- and post-intervention screening rates of three participating clinicians were compared using a chi‑square test of independence. Results: Prior to implementation, no adolescent patients received standardized depression screening (0%). Following implementation, the screening rates increased to 15.8% (22 of 139 de-identified patient chart data). The increase was statistically significant (χ²(1) = 17.265, p < .001), indicating a strong association between PHQ‑9M implementation and improved screening practices. Conclusions: Integrating the PHQ‑9M into routine clinical workflows significantly increased adolescent depression screening rates in a mental health clinic setting. These findings support the feasibility and effectiveness of implementing validated measurement‑based care tools to enhance early identification of depression. Addressing implementation barriers, such as electronic health records usability and clinician engagement, may further improve adoption and sustainability. Routine use of standardized screening tools can improve early detection, timely intervention, and mental health outcomes for adolescents.
Objective: 1. To assess the level of knowledge towards prevention of surgical site infection among Peshawar nurses. 2. To evaluate the level of practices towards prevention of surgical site prevention among peshawar nurses. Methods: a cross-sectional study was conducted among nurses. a self-made questionnaire of 20 questions regarding knowledge and practices of nurses regarding prevention of surgical site infections was distributed among 84 nurses selected by convenient sampling technique. data were entered and analyzed by using spss version 22. in descriptive statistics frequencies and percentages were calculated for categorical variable and means and sd were calculated for continues variables. chi-square was applied to determine any significant association between variables. Results: The study included 84 nurses from surgical wards, with a 95% response rate. most were female (58%) and aged 20-30 years. Regarding infection control, 66% had never attended training. knowledge assessment revealed that 42.8% had poor knowledge (below 60%), 29.76% had average knowledge, 15.47% had good knowledge, and only 6.66% had excellent knowledge (above 80%). in practice, 61% had poor or average levels, 30% had good, and 9% had excellent practices. Hand hygiene compliance was moderate (57% always washed hands before and after touching the surgical site). only 57% knew about preoperative shaving, 48% correctly answered dressing change frequency, and 25% identified the best disinfectant. a significant association (p = 0.002) was found between knowledge, practice, professional qualification, experience. Conclusion: The survey revealed that knowledge of nurses about the risk of infections associated with surgeries and use of preventive measures was inadequate. But still high proportion of the participants has good or average skills in clinical practice. The study further highlighted that the majority of nurses never attended any infection control program or refresher courses.
Background: Lumbopelvic stability is the ability to maintain balance and control the motion and position of the lumbar spine and pelvis relative to a neutral position during kinetic chain activities. Lumbar spine is a complex structure as it comprises of neuromuscular and musculoskeletal structures and it as a mobile unit yet providing stability. Swiss ball exercise is a popular exercise training program used for core stability. The stability of core is based on the contraction of the muscles of the abdomen, back, shoulder and pelvic girdle. The Swiss ball is used for dynamic exercise training whereas floor exercises are used for static exercise training. Aim: To compare the effect of Swiss ball vs. floor exercises on core muscles strengthening in working females. Methodology: A total number of 40 working females were included in this study. Based on inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria, subjects were randomly allocated into two groups, Group A-Swiss ball exercises and Group B –Floor exercises. Subjects between age group 18-45 years and working females willing to participate were selected. Those having any kind of injury, pregnancy and neurological complications were excluded from the study. Result: Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 20. The result showed improvement in both the groups. Paired t-test was used for within the group analysis and unpaired t-test was used for between the group analysis. Conclusion: It was determined that Swiss ball exercises were more beneficial in improving the core strength among working females.
Childhood is a crucial period for growth and development, requiring the right foods in the right amounts at the right times to help children reach their full potential. Mothers' perceptions play an essential role in establishing healthy eating habits in children, influencing their long-term health. This study aimed to assess mothers' perceptions regarding the healthy diets of preschool children in Bangladesh. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 132 participants selected through convenience sampling to evaluate mothers' views on healthy diets for preschoolers. Data were collected using a newly developed structured questionnaire, divided into two sections: a socio-demographic questionnaire and a section assessing mothers' perceptions of healthy diets. Face-to-face interviews were used to gather data, and analysis was performed using SPSS version 26. Descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation) and inferential statistics (t-test, correlation, and ANOVA) were applied. The mean age of participants was 29.4 years (SD = 6.424). Statistically significant relationships were found between mothers' educational level and perceptions of a healthy diet (F=6.315, p=.000), fathers’ educational level and perceptions of a healthy diet (F=5.611, p=.000), participants' occupation and perceptions of a healthy diet (F=2.497, p=.046), fathers' occupation and perceptions of a healthy diet (F=3.358, p=.021), and residential area and participants' perceptions of a healthy diet (t=-2.633, p=.009). Additionally, there was a positive, significant correlation between family income and perceptions of a healthy diet (r=.266, p=.002). The study highlights a significant gap between mothers' perceptions and actual knowledge regarding healthy diets for preschool children in Bangladesh. Interventions are necessary to enhance mothers' understanding and practices related to child nutrition. Educational programs and public health campaigns targeting mothers, particularly in rural areas, could play a critical role in promoting healthier eating habits among preschool-aged children.
Stress has been regarded as an occupational hazard and the nursing profession has been confirmed by most scholars to be stressful. However, available studies indicated that the nurses’ work environment is often characterized by resource constraints, workload, poor staff support and organizational change, which can add to the energy expended. Hence, the objectives of the study were to ascertain the influence of stress on work behavior among nurses in Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (FUTHA) and the coping strategies to reduce stress. The study adopted a descriptive research design and a sample size of 300 respondents was determined using Taro Yamane formulae and drawn from nurse at the hospital. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Data was collated, analyzed and the results were presented in tables with frequencies, percentages, mean and standard deviations. Findings shows that the major causes work-stress among nurses was nurses’ workload 229 (76.3%), lack of staff support 220 (73.5) and death and dying patients 181 (60.3%). Therefore, it was recommended that management should recruit more staff to address the issues of work load and to regular train nurses with focus on team building in the work-related setting to address the issues of lack of staff support.
Rural health disparities remain a persistent challenge in the United States and globally, with shortages of health professionals, transportation barriers, and cultural complexities contributing to limited access to care. Nursing education, traditionally rooted in acute care, has been called to evolve toward community-based and interprofessional models of practice. This article describes the implementation and outcomes of a university-based Mobile Health Program designed to address rural health needs while enhancing student learning through interprofessional collaboration. Since its launch in 2015, the program has served nearly 18,000 patients, engaged more than 4,200 students across multiple disciplines, and provided over 23,000 hours of clinical and service-learning experiences. The program’s impact was particularly notable during the COVID-19 pandemic, when it played a leading role in administering vaccines to farmworkers and underserved rural populations. Lessons learned highlight the value of mobile health as both a service delivery and educational model.
Using a community-engaged approach, this mixed-methods, pre-post interventional study aimed to explore a novel approach to providing palliative family caregiving education to Hispanics/Latinos in the United States (US). Abbreviated, culturally adapted modules from the End-of-Life Nursing Education Consortium (ELNEC)-México curriculum were administered to participants in a half-day workshop in the southern US, in partnership with a community advisory board, academic researchers, and an end-of-life care home. The intervention was delivered in a bilingual, in-person setting. A total of 44 participants completed the workshop with a pre-post measure of their comfort discussing and providing palliative family caregiving. Results showed clinically meaningful increases in comfort and positive evaluations of the content’s clarity, usefulness, and cultural relevance. Additionally, two workshop interpreters shared insights on barriers and facilitators to delivering palliative content. Findings suggest that classroom-based education delivered by native-Spanish- speaking palliative care professionals may be a promising model for reaching underrepresented communities. This study demonstrates the importance of cultural and linguistic tailoring in serious illness education and offers practical suggestions for nurses and other health professionals seeking to equitably support diverse family caregivers.
Diet management is very important for patients with Crohn's disease, a chronic enteritis disease. A diet containing foods that are likely to cause enteritis can cause various complications, including inflammation, even if well managed with immunosuppressants.Crohn's disease requires a safe diet for immunomodulation and intestinal inflammation, but it is common for people to experience cycles of active disease and then remission, and various immunosuppressants taken by Crohn's disease patients are used to increase the remission period (Watson, 2021). However, in the case of pregnant women, the pregnancy itself can result in creating dietary restrictions, but if the woman has Crohn's disease, the dietary restrictions are bound to be more involved. The restricted diet is very likely to result in issues in fetal health, and Crohn's disease itself is at risk of reactivation. The inflammatory response of Crohn's disease in the active period during pregnancy can result in fatal problems in fetal health and development, and in more than half of the cases, it has been recorded as the reason for fetal death (Vargo, 2020). Therefore, this study aims to educate patients about the possible complications from Crohn's disease during pregnancy, focusing on diet nutrition management.
Transcultural nursing is a field of study based on cultural competencies, which focuses on how nurses work with confidence within different backgrounds, addressing healthcare systems, values, and beliefs. All nurses working in the United States, no matter their cultural backgrounds, are required to pass the NCLEX standardized test in order to legally work. While the NCLEX challenges applicants about the broad nursing fundamentals, the test does not include questions under transcultural nursing – a crucial topic that covers cultural expectations in the healthcare field. Multicultural populations are expected to increase around the world, and they challenge nurses who must provide individualized and holistic care to patients. Nurses must adapt to the diversity presented to them in their work environments and acquire the necessary knowledge to become culturally competent. This study identifies the impact of cultural differences in healthcare from the transcultural nursing perspective. It looks at comparisons within the United States, Korea, and the Philippines to promote cultural competency in nursing.The main foci of this study are identifying cultural differences in the “health care system,” specifics to the number of patients that nurse care, the number of patients in a room, the social structure in the healthcare system, hospital diet system for patients, and range of responsibility of nurse and patients’ family member as guidance as well as identifying differences in “nurse job environment” in each culture such as job satisfaction, range of nurse salary, an average of turn over rate, and average hours a nurse work along with differences in communication style between nurse and patients.
To act well at the nursing level, it is essential to act well at the caring level. Good nursing care practice cannot be separated from well-done nursing practice. This reference to the good in referring to the appropriateness of care in general, and nursing in particular, is the object subjected to clarification in the research. Caring is a multidimensional activity, in which thought, feeling and competent action are mutually integrated. This multidimensionality is essential for good caring to be practiced. From the narratives of the care practice collected, ethically significant actions emerge, which explain how this good is expressed in the concrete action of the nurse towards the patient, through an intentionality in acting in relation to the history of the individual patient. The research is methodologically structured on two dimensions: the phenomenological and the empirical one. The results obtained lay the foundations for the search for an ethics of care.
Background: Heart failure (HF) is viewed as a major life-threatening condition due to increased morbidity and mortality rate. Living with HF not only requires pharmacological support, but also good Self-Care Behavior (SCB), otherwise without that, patients require frequent hospitalizations. Literature indicates that several factors contribute to one’s ability to self-care. However, limited research work is done with regards to the predictors of SCB among HF patients in Pakistan. The current study was conducted with the aim to assess the level of SCB and its predictors among HF patients in Rawalpindi and Islamabad. Methodology: A cross-sectional analytical study design was used to determine the level of SCB among HF patients. Using a consecutive sampling technique, 201 HF patients were recruited from three major hospitals in Rawalpindi and Islamabad, Pakistan. SCB were assessed via EHFScBs_9. In addition, data was collected on the patient’s socio- demographics and clinical characteristics. Results: The mean score of the EHFSCB was 27.85(±6.01). The mean age of the participants was 58.53(±11.62). In this study multivariate analysis identified five predictors that were strongly associated with SCB (P ≤0.05) of the HF patients. These predictors were college/university education level, increased BMI, less number of medicines, presence of a formal caregiver, and residential location of Rawalpindi Conclusion: In comparison to the current evidence on SCB in HF, this study affirms that the SCB of HF patients in Pakistan is comparatively low. Although the identified association of education level, number of medicines, and presence of formal caregiver with SCB is self-explanatory, the association of increased BMI and residential location with SCB requires further exploration. Given the findings of this study, it can be concluded that people in Pakistan develop HF at a relatively younger age. We recommend primary screening of the first-degree relatives of the HF patients for CVDs. This can help to plan family-based interventions targeting the risk factors shared by the family and to strengthen their SCB with the help of each other’s support.
Background and objectives: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects a person’s joints, causing pain and disability. Individuals with RA show psychological distress and causes progressive functional deterioration which can further affect their quality of life, leading to noncompliance, depressive symptoms and even self-harm in extreme cases of anxiety & depression. The objectives of this study were: To assess the disease activity of patients with rheumatoid arthritis; To assess the anxiety level of patients with rheumatoid arthritis; To assess the depression of patients with rheumatoid arthritis; To determine the correlation between disease activity and anxiety & disease activity and depression; To determine the association of disease activity with selected baseline variables, anxiety with selected baseline variables & depression with selected baseline variables. Methods: Descriptive co relational design was used for the study. The setting selected was the Rheumatology OPD of SJMCH, Bangalore. 115 subjects were selected by using Convenience sampling technique. Structured interview technique was used to collect the baseline information and joint assessment was done and self- administered questionnaire were given to the participants. Results: It reveals that 72.2% of the patients were in the age group of ≥ 40yrs. 85.2% were female affected with the RA and 67% subjects were skilled worker. Considering the domains of disease activity, 53.9% of the subjects were having moderate disease activity.73.9% were minimally anxious and 50.4% were minimal form of depression. This study revealed that there was significant association between the family history of the patient with RA and the disease activity (p= 0.03). There was also an association between the trait anxiety and disease activity (p= 0.04) and also there is statistically significant association of trait anxiety with the state anxiety. (p= 0.052). Conclusion: RA impairs the physiological and psychological wellbeing of the person. Thus, the investigator hopes that the educational module will be an effective tool for the improving the overall wellbeing of the person with RA.
Background: The readiness of new graduate nurses (NGNs) is a topic that sparks extensive discussion and varying viewpoints among nurse clinicians, educators, and researchers in both academic and clinical settings. The physical and emotional challenges faced by NGNs are closely tied to the efforts they exert in fulfilling their professional roles. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the physical and emotional experiences of graduate nurses. Design: A qualitative exploratory descriptive design was employed, involving twelve (12) new graduate nurses. Settings: The research was conducted at five selected hospitals in the Eastern region of Ghana. Participants: Twelve (12) newly graduated nurses participated in the study, comprising five (5) males and seven (7) females, aged between twenty-five (25) and thirty (30) years. Methods: Data collection utilized a semi-structured interview guide, with interviews recorded and transcribed verbatim. Thematic content analysis was employed for data analysis. Results: Data analysis identified two (2) main themes: physical experiences and emotional experiences. The study findings highlighted that NGNs encountered numerous challenges including inadequate accommodation, insufficient human and material resources, heavy workloads, and inadequate support from hospital management. Conclusion: To alleviate the difficulties experienced by NGNs during their early career stages, hospitals should implement measures such as providing accommodation and ensuring adequate resources for their work.
Background: The prevalence of disrespect and abuse of women during childbirth in health facilities in Nigeria and lack of quality care render during childbirth is of great concern to both providers and consumers of maternal care. This study assesses the prevalence of disrespect and abuse of women during childbirth in selected health facilities in Nsukka local government area, Enugu state. The specific objectives were to determine the prevalence of disrespect and abuse, determine the factors that contribute to the disrespect and abuse, and finally determine the forms of disrespect and abuse. Methods: A descriptive research design was adopted for the study while a convenience technique was used to select respondents for the study. The study was carried out in three health facilities, university of Nigeria medical center Nsukka, General hospital Nsukka and Primary health care Centre Nsukka in Enugu state. A total population of 101 respondents including post-natal mothers from the above hospitals was sampled. Data was collected using the Level of Disrespect and Abuse of Women during Childbirth Scale (LDAWCS) questionnaire. Data were collected after oral consent from the respondents was granted and were analysed with use of SPSS/IBM version 23. Results: The major findings of the study revealed prevalence of disrespect and abuse during childbirth in selected hospitals was high with 61(60.4%) of women experiencing at least one form. The foremost forms of abuse and disrespect were: that the health care provider used harsh words on them with mean score of (3.37±1.55); scolded by the health care provider (3.36±1.56), women left naked in the view of many staff (3.27±1.25); and been rude on them with mean score of (3.28±1.56). Conclusion: The study recommends healthcare institutions should implement comprehensive training programme for healthcare providers, emphasizing respectful care and communication, and clear guidelines and protocols should be established for obtaining informed consent for medical procedures.
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the process and impact of factors leading to depression reduction among undergraduate nursing students. Method: We developed a conceptual model with reference to previous studies that have examined the factors involved in reducing depression among undergraduate nursing students. Covariance structure analysis was conducted using data from 131 participants who agreed to par-ticipate in the study. Results: The results validated the causal model with ‘Goodness of Fit Index’=.997, ‘Adjusted Goodness of Fit Index’=.949, ‘Comparative Fit In-dex’=1.00, and ‘Root Mean Square Error of Approximation’=.029, indicating a good degree of fit. In the processes and influences leading to depression reduction among undergraduate nursing students, the direct effects were found that self-esteem (-.44) and self-compassion response (-.22) had a strong influence on the reduction of depres-sion, with self-esteem improvement having the greatest influence on depression reduc-tion. On the other hand, the indirect effect, from self-efficacy to self-esteem, was found to be the most important in reducing depression (-.53). The direct and indirect effects suggest that the improvement of self-esteem is important for the reduction of depression, and among these, those with high self-efficacy and self-esteem are most likely to reduce their depression. Conclusions: Self-esteem can develop from negative evaluations to negative cognitions, which may lead to increased depression. The results suggest that in order to reduce depression in undergraduate nursing students, it is nec-essary to construct supportive measures to improve self-efficacy through self-compassion, which will subsequently lead to increased self-esteem.
Objective: This scoping review aimed to systematically clarify the posttraumatic growth (PTG) in nurses and related influencing factors during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This scoping review screened, included, sorted, and analyzed relevant studies on the nurses’ PTG during the COVID-19 pandemic before 25 December 2022 in databases, including PubMed, Wiley, Web of Science, Elsevier, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. Results: A total of 20 studies were included. The results showed that PTG scores varied from 43.80±14.65 (nurses who worked in designated hospitals in South Korea) to 97.09±18.47 (nurses who worked within Hubei Province, China). We analyzed the recurring objective factors and identified that age and marital status were the most common influencing factors, while fertility status, working environment, working time, religion, education, position, gender, and previous training or working experience also affected the PTG. Second, several subjective factors such as social or family support, resilience, deliberation, and several psychological problems were also related to PTG. Conclusions: Realizing PTG and related factors in nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic is conducive to formulating intervention measures to help nurses cope with traumatic stress disorder and burnout and improving their mental health too.
This study aimed to clarify the relationship between self-compassion, self-esteem, and depression among undergraduate nursing students and to gain insight into mental health measures for this population. No significant differences were found between university grades in self-compassion, self-affirmation (self- efficacy and self-esteem), or depression scale scores obtained from 131 undergraduate nursing students; these results suggest that differences in the learning environment between grades, including field practice, may not have a significant impact on the mental health of this population. Negative correlations were also found between depression and other measures (self-compassion and self-affirmation); when their effects on depression were examined, self-esteem and response to self-compassion were strongly related (p<.001). However, self-esteem may enhance depression by shifting negative evaluations to negative cognitions. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a study support program specific to undergraduate nursing students that fosters kind thoughts towards oneself and improves responses to self-compassion.
Perception and determination of future life orientation is important is judging student’s outcome in whatever profession or career they have chosen to study. This study used a cross-sectional research design to determine student’s perception and their future intentions toward nursing as a profession, a career or otherwise. A stratified random sampling method was used in the selection of 150 students who are from 200 to 500 levels in their bachelor degree nursing programme in a Nigeria University that participated in the study. A self-constructed questionnaire was used for data collection and analyses were done with 148 questionnaires retrieved. The results showed that majority (82.4%) of the respondents were females. More than half of the respondents (67.6%) were self-motivated to study nursing as it create avenues to settle early and opportunity to get a government jobs. Most of them (90.5%) perceived nursing to be an opportunity to serve humanity. About 93.3% of respondents are attracted to travel abroad. Also, 94.6% of the respondents are interested in continuing higher education, 93.4% of the respondents are not interested in changing profession. 93.2% of the respondents want to specialize. It was e recommended that nursing educators should play an important role in guidance and counseling of students about future prospect.
Improving Student's Self-efficacy by Using Concept Map as A promising Teaching Strategy Reda E elmeghawri, Wafaa F sleem Abstract Objective: Nursing educators share the same struggle when teaching nursing courses for students; To keep students engaged in the learning process. They must help learners to balance the recall the content of knowledge close to development of cognitive skills. To achieve this goal, learners must retain, analyze, recall, organize, synthesize, prioritize, transfer, and apply this knowledge Aim the present study aimed to investigate the effect of using concept mapping on student's self-efficacy in nursing administration course. Methods: A quasi-experimental research design was used and the study sample included(376) students who were studied nursing administration course during the second semester of academic years 2018/2019 , They were divided into two groups experimental group(n=189)and control group(n=187).Data was collected by using , knowledge questionnaire regarding concept mapping of student’s ,Rubric for assessing concept maps, and Self-Efficacy scale. Results: Regarding concept map knowledge pre and post awareness sessions among the study group there was a statistically significant difference. And, there was a significant difference between both groups regarding the students’ self- efficacy. In addition the students in the study group exhibit change in perceived self- efficacy more than the students in the control group. Conclusions: Concept Maps are considered an effective educational method to promote self -efficacy. Recommendation: concept maps could be usefully used in other curricula and nursing instructors may improve the nursing self-efficacy via using them into course teaching and learning process. Full Text: PDF DOI: 10.15640/ijn.v8n1a5
Prevalence and risk factors of Anaemia among Pregnant Women Consulted to the Reproductive Health Care unit of H.Dh. Regional Hospital, Maldives Rahuma Abbas, Mano Priya Vijayan Abstract Background: Anaemia is one of the common nutritional disorders during pregnancy and a major cause of maternal death. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that over 30% of the world’s population are anaemic. The prevalence in developed countries is 14% and in developing countries is 51%. In the Maldives, the prevalence of anaemia among pregnant women is 48.5% in 2016. This study aims to determine the prevalence and risk factors of anaemia in pregnant women of a community in the Maldives. Method: This is a quantitative, cross-sectional survey conducted among 53 pregnant women selected by a simple random sampling method. Data were collected through structured questionnaire forms. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 25.0. The P-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Haemoglobin classification showed 60.40% normal, 39.60% anaemic. 33.96% of participants were known thalassaemia carriers, amongst them, 61.11% were found to be anaemic with P <0.026. Other factors studied showed no statistically significant association with anaemia. Conclusion: The prevalence of anaemia in pregnant women is 39.60%. Thalassaemia carrier encountered in the population was found to be the main factor associated with the prevalence of maternal anaemia. Full Text: PDF DOI: 10.15640/ijn.v8n24
