Purpose: This study examines the role of visual communication and the incorporation of cultural symbols in affecting fluoride awareness and fluoride consumption behaviors in urban society. It examines how culturally embedded images influence public participation in health and the potential mediating role of awareness in the relationship between communication exposure and fluoride-related decisions. Design/methodology/approach: The dataset consists of balanced panel data over six years for 40 urban communities in eastern China, representing a wide range of socioeconomic and cultural settings. The study examines how visual communication intensity, cultural symbol integration, and their interaction influence fluoride awareness and fluoride consumption using fixed-effects panel regression models in EViews. The control variables were included to represent the contextual differences such as income, education, age, and access to treated water. Findings: Visual communication enhanced the level of awareness and fluoride-protective behavior significantly. Although cultural symbols alone had limited direct effects, combining them with visual communication increased the effectiveness of the communication process. The level of awareness was the first mental process that linked communication action plans to behavioral response. Practical implications: The results show a significance of culturally meaningful, visually appealing public policy campaigns in improving fluoride-based behaviors in the fast-growing urban areas. Originality/value: This study blends cultural symbolism, visual communication theory, and health behavior models to explain fluoride-related communication and behaviors in urban China.
Background: Endemic fluorosis is a major health problem of the population in the areas with a high level of fluoride in drinking water. On the one hand, the preventive effect of fluoride is confirmed, on the other hand, the efficient knowledge translation is lacking. Schools are considered strategic points of intervention, and little is known about the influence of the educational factor in enhancing fluoride literacy. Purpose: This research question investigated the effects of the knowledge training of fluoride on student outcomes using instructional leadership and modulated by school resources. Methods: A survey was carried out on 228 teachers and 3,420 students at 32 primary schools in high fluoridated areas of Henan province in China. The intensity of training, leadership support, teacher capacity, school resources, student knowledge and behavioral intentions were measured by validated instruments. Structural equation analysis was used to examine data by means of moderated mediation analysis. Findings: Teacher capacity was determined by the significant impact of fluoride knowledge training (beta =.48) and instructional leadership (beta =.42), but subsequently mediated the results of the former on student results. School resources mediated the capacity-outcome relationship ( beta =0.35), which had greater effects in high-resource environments. The teacher capacity accounted 44% of outcome variance with large effects sizes (d=1.65) being observed between high/low training groups. Conclusions: Educational interventions are effective in improving fluoride literacy, both on the teacher capacity and organizational support side. The allinclusive interventions involving training, leadership, and resources provide long-term solutions to the problem of health concerning fluoride.
Purpose: Excessive fluoride exposure has been reported to induce colon damage, while inulin supplemention has been shown to alleviate colitis and regulate intestinal microbiota. However, whether inulin can mitigate fluoride-induced colon injury remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of inulin on colon histopathology, barrier function, and gut microbiota in a fluoride-exposed mouse model. Methods: Forty 8-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group (C), Fluoride group (F), Fluoride + Low-polymerization inulin group (F+LPI), and Fluoride + High-polymerization inulin group (F+HPI). After 90 days, colon length, colon coefficients and colonic pH were measured. The relative densities of goblet cells, glycoproteins and mast cells were analyzed. Colonic physical and mucosal barrier functions were assessed, and alterations in the intestinal microbiota were evaluated. Results: Inulin supplementation significantly attenuated fluoride-induced colonic damage. Specifically, inulin restored colon length, lowered colonic pH, and increased the colon coefficient. Histologically, inulin increased the relative density of goblet cells, glycoproteins, and mast cells. Functionally, inulin enhanced both the physical and mucosal barriers of colon. Furthermore, inulin restored microbial diversity and ameliorated fluoride-induced gut microbial dysbiosis. Conclusions: In summary, the findings indicate that inulin exerts a protective effect against fluoride-induced colon damage, potentially through the modulation and restoration of intestinal microbiota homeostasis.
Purpose: The objective of this study was to identify all articles in the literature to date on the toxicology of the AlF complex. Methods: A bibliometric analysis was performed using the main collection of the Web of Science (WoS-CC) database, sorting from oldest to most recent articles. As inclusion criteria, only original research articles and review articles that directly addressed AlF complexes and their toxicological aspects in human or animal organisms were included. Results: The search retrieved a total of 652 articles. After reading the full text, 52 articles were selected. The author with the largest number of publications and who contributed the most to these works (n=7; 176 citations) was Chinoy, NJ. A total of 61 keywords were obtained, the most frequently appearing ones being aluminum (n=22) and fluorine (n=14). Asia obtained the most studies within this search, 26 articles and 356 citations. Of the selected journals, Fluoride (n=16; 364 citations), Environmental Science and Pollution Research (n=4; 48 citations), and Biological Trace Element Research (n=3; 27 citations) were the ones that presented the most published articles and citations. In vivo studies (n=36) had a greater representation, totaling 606 citations. Studies that investigated the nervous system were more representative (n=9; 352 Conclusions: This study was the first to gather information through bibliometric analysis and mapping of knowledge on the toxicology of the AlF complex in biological organisms.
Background: Consumption of large amounts of fluoride in drinking water continues to be a major health issue among the population in most places especially in China, India, Pakistan and Iran. There is a higher risk of accumulating fluoride and the consequent cognitive impairment in college students that live in such endemic regions. Objectives: This systematic review will be focused on testing the hypothesis that physical exercise affects cognitive performance, fluoride excretion, and the mediatory processes in which exercise could counteract the nervous system-toxicity of fluoride. The review considers evidence in aerobic and resistance and mixed-modality exercise programs. Methods: There were seven databases searched (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, CNKI and Wanfang), and grey-literature sources. They were eligible based on PICOS. Twenty two articles were included. Synthesis of results was done on a narrative basis, with pooled standardized mean differences (SMDs) of cognitive and biochemical results. Results: Workout always enhanced executive, processing pace, working memory, and language fluency in students exposed to chronic fluoride. Aerobic and mixed-modality exercise hugely enhanced sweat and urinary fluoride release and minimized serum fluoride. In the literature, exercise attenuated the adverse relationship between fluoride exposure and cognitive performance to show a protective moderating effect. Conclusions: Exercise promotes the removal of fluoride, and cognitive resilience in youths exposed to high-fluoride water. Exercise works in a physiological detoxification and a neurocognitive enhancement mechanism.
Purpose: To systematically explore the molecular mechanisms underlying fluoride-induced osteoarthritis (OA), given that the precise biological pathways linking fluoride exposure to increased OA susceptibility remain incompletely understood. Methods: This study employed an integrative approach combining network toxicology, transcriptomics, and machine learning. Fluoride-related and OA-associated genes were collected from the CTD, STITCH, OMIM, and GeneCards databases to identify overlapping genes. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses, differential expression analysis, LASSO and SVM-RFE algorithms, and a modified CIBERSORT method were utilized for pathway annotation, core target screening, and immune infiltration analysis. Results: A total of 377 fluoride-related targets and 2,018 OA-associated genes were identified, with 102 overlapping targets. GO and KEGG analyses revealed that these targets are primarily involved in inflammatory responses, regulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis, and key pathways related to inflammation and immunity. By integrating differential expression analysis with machine learning, 13 candidate genes were further refined to 4 core genes (NFKBIA, AIF1, COL1A2, MMP9) that exhibited excellent diagnostic accuracy for OA (AUC: 0.970-1.000). AIF1, COL1A2, and MMP9 were upregulated in OA, whereas NFKBIA was downregulated. These core genes showed significant correlations with CD4+ resting memory T cells and mast cells, which demonstrated marked differences in abundance between normal and OA tissues. Conclusions: Fluoride may contribute to the development and progression of OA by modulating core molecular targets that activate inflammatory signaling pathways, disrupt immune homeostasis, and impair cartilage matrix metabolism. This study identifies key candidate genes involved in fluoride-induced OA pathogenesis, offering preliminary mechanistic insights and supporting future population-level risk assessment and targeted prevention strategies.
Purpose: People in high-fluoride (F) drinking water areas face environmental exposure and psychological vulnerability, but insufficient collaboration among water, health, and education systems limits the effectiveness of interventions. This paper constructs a multi-sectoral collaborative intervention model based on F drinking water data from the World Health Organization (WHO) Global Health Watch, individual data from the Kessler 6 Psychological Distress Scale (K6) in the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS), and multi-indicator cohort surveys (MICS) from the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF). Methods: Initially, F concentration and individual psychological data were matched at the national and sub-national levels; second, psychological resilience was measured inversely using K6; third, a collaboration index covering safe drinking water, primary healthcare services, and school health education was constructed. Finally, multilevel regression analysis was used to analyze the intervention effect. Results: Research findings showed that in areas with F drinking water concentrations >= 1.5 mg/L, for every 1 unit increase in the collaboration index, the mean K6 score decreased by 1.04 points, with a greater increase in psychological resilience among high-exposure populations. Conclusions: This study validates the practical value of multi-sectoral collaboration in promoting mental health in high-F affected areas.
Background: The effects of fluoride exposure on dental and skeletal health are well documented; however, its implications for gastrointestinal health have received comparatively limited attention. Emerging evidence suggests that chronic fluoride ingestion disrupts digestive processes, alters gut microbial composition, and contributes to the burden of gastrointestinal diseases. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for developing effective public health interventions, particularly in high-fluoride regions. Purpose: This study examines the relationship between fluoride exposure and gastrointestinal functioning, focusing on biological pathways, symptom severity, and potential mitigation strategies. It also explores the role of gut microbiota and evaluates the effectiveness of targeted interventions in reducing fluoride-related gastrointestinal dim\mg/subraces. Methods: A literature-based mixed-methods approach was employed, incorporating findings from epidemiological and experimental studies alongside qualitative data obtained through interviews with affected populations. Data were synthesized to identify mechanistic pathways of fluoride action, assess symptom prevalence and severity, and evaluate intervention outcomes. Visual representations, including bar charts, word clouds, and conceptual models, were used to support descriptive and thematic analyses. Results: The findings indicate a strong association between chronic fluoride exposure and gastrointestinal symptoms, including abdominal pain, dyspepsia, diarrhea, and altered bowel habits. Identified mechanisms include mucosal damage, pH imbalance, oxidative stress, and gut microbiota dysbiosis. Symptom severity increased with higher exposure levels. Qualitative evidence further suggests significant improvements in gastrointestinal health following water defluoridation and dietary interventions, indicating partial reversibility of symptoms. Conclusion: The impact of fluoride exposure on gastrointestinal health is substantial and multifactorial, extending beyond traditionally recognized dental and skeletal effects. This study highlights the need to incorporate gastrointestinal outcomes into public health and water safety policies. A more comprehensive, systems-based approach is required to mitigate fluoride-related health risks and enhance population well-being.
Purpose: Dental fluorosis is a multifactorial entity, although it occurs most frequently due to the consumption of water containing fluoride concentrations higher than those established by official standards. The objective of this study was to identify the degree of severity of dental fluorosis, as well as some risk factors, in the student population of the El Llano Aguascalientes Technological Institute (ITEL), located in the municipality of El Llano, Aguascalientes, Mexico. Methods: The degree of dental fluorosis was evaluated using the Dean's Index in 200 students aged 17-48 years. The Collective Dental Fluorosis Index was calculated. The students' socioeconomic status was determined using the Graffar M & eacute;ndez-Castellanos Method on a scale of 1 (very good) to 5 (very poor). Results: It was found that 88.5% of the students presented dental fluorosis ranging in severity from very mild, mild, moderate, and severe. Eighty-three percent of the students had limited financial means. The Collective Dental Fluorosis Index was 2.10. 71% of students had experienced dental decay. 43.5% were bothered by the color of their teeth, 23.5% did not smile often, and 19% did not spend time with their friends. Conclusions: The Collective Dental Fluorosis Index indicated that dental fluorosis is a Public Health Problem at the El Llano Aguascalientes Technological Institute. The risk factors detected were the consumption of drinking water with high concentrations of fluoride and food preparation with tap water. However, there was no association between dental fluorosis and socioeconomic stratus, breast milk or fluoridated salt consumption, and the use of toothpaste and mouthwashes.
Purpose: Gut microbiota are integral to the nutrition, detoxification, and overall fitness of dung beetles, yet their disruption by veterinary pharmaceuticals is poorly understood. Toxicological bioassay was performed to evaluate albendazole and sodium fluoride (NaF) against gut bacterial isolates of the ecologically important dung beetles (Onitis castaneus and Onitis excavatus). Methods: In vitro susceptibility was assessed using disk diffusion and confirmatory agar well diffusion assays at 10, 20, and 30 ppm. Zones of inhibition were measured in triplicate. Data distribution was evaluated using quantile-quantile (Q-Q) plots and the Shapiro-Wilk test, followed by non-parametric statistical analyses. Results: Culturable isolates were dominated by Firmicutes (Bacillus, Paenibacillus, Staphylococcus) and Proteobacteria (Enterobacter, Pseudomonas, Serratia). Both compounds inhibited bacterial growth in a concentration-dependent manner, with NaF consistently more potent than albendazole. Strong inhibition occurred in Staphylococcus and Bacillus, while Pseudomonas showed low susceptibility. Data were non-normal and zero-inflated (W = 0.914, p < 0.001). The Kruskal-Wallis test revealed significant treatment effects (chi 2(2) = 332.69, p < 0.001), and Bonferroni-adjusted pairwise comparisons confirmed significant differences among all treatments (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Albendazole and NaF exhibited distinct inhibitory profiles against dung beetle gut bacteria, with NaF demonstrating consistently stronger activity. These findings establish a baseline for understanding insect-microbe-compound interactions and highlight potential implications of agroveterinary inputs for beetle health, dung decomposition, and soil ecosystem processes.
Background: Companies across various sectors utilize Artificial Intelligence at a fast pace. The growth of AI investments helps produce new fluoride products for better oral care while spreading knowledge about dental wellness among people. Innovation Diffusion Theory is used as a conceptual lens to motivate AI adoption and diffusion mechanisms, while the empirical model examines how AI investment, AI-based health communication adoption, and regulatory policies relate to fluoride product innovation and health technology advance Aim:The research analyzes how AI investments drive fluoride product development while raising health awareness about fluoride benefits and helps improve healthcare technology despite regulatory obstacles. Methodology: Data were collected through an online survey of 300 respondents, including healthcare professionals, financial investors, and policy-related professionals with experience in AI applications for fluoride product development and health communication in Shenzhen and Jiangsu Province, China. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was employed to estimate the relationships among AI adoption, AI investment, regulatory policies, and fluoride product innovation. Results:SEM/PLS-SEM results show that AI adoption for health communication and investment in AI are positively associated with fluoride product innovation and health technology advancement (FPI), which in this study is measured by respondents' agreement with three indicators: (i) development of AI-enhanced fluoride products/technologies (FPI1), (ii) market acceptance of AI-enhanced fluoride products (FPI2), and (iii) AI-driven advancement of fluoride-related health technologies (FPI3). The results indicate that AI adoption for health communication ((3 = 0.128, p < 0.001) and investment in AI for fluoride product innovation ((3 = 0.151, p < 0.001) have significant positive effects on fluoride product innovation and health technology advancement.
Purpose: This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the microleakage and bond interface morphology of two different fissure sealants applied after silver diamine fluoride (SDF) treatment with varying application times. Methods: A total of 72 extracted permanent molars were randomly divided into six groups (n=12). Half of the samples were restored with a glass ionomer fissure sealant (Fuji Triage, GC Corporation, Japan), and the other half with a resin-based fissure sealant (Clinpro Sealant, 3M ESPE, USA). Among the six groups, two served as controls with no SDF application. In two groups, 38% silver diamine fluoride (SDF) was applied and waited for 5 minutes prior to sealant placement. In the remaining two groups, SDF application was applied and waited for one week before the sealant procedure. Microleakage was assessed using the dye penetration method after thermocycling, and the bond interface was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Microleakage scores were evaluated under a stereomicroscope according to Williams and Winter scoring criteria. SEM images were analyzed at magnifications of 500x, and 4000x. Statistical analysis was conducted using the Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn's post-hoc comparisons. Results: Glass ionomer fissure sealant exhibited significantly lower microleakage scores compared to resin-based fissure sealant (p <0.001). Microleakage was reduced when a 1-week waiting period was applied after SDF treatment. In terms of bond interface, resin-based fissure sealant demonstrated shorter bonding lengths, indicating a stronger bond compared to Glass ionomer fissure sealant (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The type of fissure sealant and timing of SDF application significantly influence microleakage and bond strength. Glass ionomer fissure sealant is more favorable for minimizing microleakage, whereas resin-based fissure sealant exhibits superior bonding characteristics. Clinical application should consider these factors to optimize sealant performance.
Background: The overexposure to fluoride remains a significant health and environmental security threat in some parts of China. It is essential to know how various regulatory strategies impact on consumption behavior in order to come up with effective interventions. Objective: The current research paper will discuss how two different environmental regulation measures Command-and-Control Regulation (CAC) and Market-Based Regulation (MBR influence household fluoridated product consumption (HFPC) and industrial fluoridated product demand (IFPD), defined here as behaviors associated with exposure to excessive fluoride from natural and industrial sources rather than intentional fluoridation for dental health." Methods: Households of the most fluoridated regions in China were sampled to yield primary data. To examine connections between CAC, MBR, ERP, Household Fluoridated Product Consumption (HFPC) and Industry Fluoridated Product Demand (IFPD) Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with Mplus was used. Results: Both CAC and MBR had significant decreases in HFPC and IFPD, with greater effects of MBR. ERP proved to be an important mediator, and this clarifies the capacity of regulation to affect behavior in terms of perceived health and environmental risks Both command-and-control regulation (CAC) and market-based regulation (MBR) significantly reduced household fluoridated product consumption (HFPC) and industrial fluoridated product demand (IFPD). The direct effects of CAC were modest but significant (HFPC: beta = -0.12, p = 0.005; IFPD: beta = -0.10, p = 0.036), whereas MBR exhibited stronger direct effects (HFPC: beta = -0.21, p < 0.001; IFPD: beta = -0.17, p = 0.001). Environmental risk perception (ERP) significantly mediated these relationships, with larger indirect effects observed for MBR (HFPC: beta = -0.29; IFPD: beta = -0.27, p < 0.001) than for CAC. Conclusion: The regulatory interventions influence the use of fluoride mainly through the psychological processes. Coercive enforcement can be used together with market incentives and awareness tactics to make the policies more effective and a stimulus to sustainable behavioral change.
Background: Exposure to fluoride continues to pose a major health issue facing the population in the disadvantaged South Asian countries, which causes non-skeletal and skeletal health-related problems. Infrastructure solution is a requirement, however a complementary strategy (scalable) is communication based interventions that cannot bring about a total change but only contribute to one. Purpose: The present research examines the causal effects of innovative communication campaigns on the knowledge of the fluoride levels, behavior, and health outcome through the use of economic variables and practical data of 2014-2024. Methods: A difference-in-differences (DiD) design, with further conduction of instrumental variable (IV) analyses, was used on district level panel data in South Asia. Major outcomes were public awareness, safe practices of water use and prevalence of gastrointestinal manifestations. Findings: This was statistically significant as communication interventions led to a 15-percentage point rise in awareness and a 10.2-percentage point rise in safe water use and a 3.8-percentage point decrease in the prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms. There were the highest effects in low-literacy and high-fluoride districts and the relationship of dose-response with communication intensity was observed. Conclusions: Novel communication can significantly enhance the population health outcomes of fluoride. The frameworks of water governance can be used to implement communication strategies in enhancing the effectiveness of governance and accelerate the behavior change to reduce the health inequities in the fluoride-infest regions.
Purpose: This study aims to quantitatively analyze discourse on Instagram about fluoride to determine whether opposition to its use functions primarily as a legitimate public health concern or as a marketing tool for commercial interests. The research investigates the prevalence, sources, and thematic content of posts using the hashtag #Fluoride. Methods: A quantitative, cross-sectional content analysis was conducted on a census of 323 publicly available Instagram posts published with the #Fluoride hashtag throughout the 2024 calendar year. Posts were systematically coded for stance (Anti-Fluoride, pro-fluoride, neutral), content creator profession, and primary themes. Descriptive statistics and Pearson's Chi-squared tests were used to analyze the data. Results: The analysis revealed a highly asymmetrical discourse. The results show that Anti-Fluoride posts comprised 80.5% of the sample, compared to 13.0% for pro-fluoride and 6.5% neutral. A statistically significant correlation (p<0.001) was found between stance and profession. Product marketers published the vast majority of Anti-Fluoride content (86.2%, n=224), whereas pro-fluoride content was predominantly shared by dental professionals (78.6%, n=33). Thematic analysis indicated that the primary purpose of Anti-Fluoride posts was commercial: 81.5% (n=212) explicitly advertised a fluoride-free alternative product, often leveraging claims of health harms (48.1%, n=125) and conspiracy theories (13.1%, n=34) to motivate purchases. Conclusions: The findings suggest that on Instagram, Anti-Fluoride sentiment is predominantly a commercially motivated strategy rather than an ideologically driven health movement. Misinformation is deployed instrumentally to create market demand for alternative products. This exploitation of the "wellness" narrative poses a direct threat to evidence-based public health initiatives and underscores the need for interventions that address the commercial incentives fueling the infodemic.
Background: Prolonged exposure to fluoride is a long-term environmental health issue that may interfere with the oral physiology of adolescents, their neurodevelopment, and oral communication skills. Although past research has resolved on cognitive and dental outcomes, there is not much information about its effect on speech and singing expertise. Objective: The research problem of the study is how speech clarity, vocal projection, and pitch stability as well as confidence in adolescents in high-fluoride regions are affected by targeted vocal and linguistic training. Methods: The qualitative multiple-case study design was used and it involved 24 teenagers (12-17 years) in high fluoride communities. The data were gathered (pre-intervention, mid-intervention, and post-intervention interviews, focus groups and the observation field notes) during an eight-week training program. Thematic analysis was applied to outline major trends and changes. Results: The respondents showed great changes in the level of breath control, the clarity of articulation, the resonance of the voice, and self-confidence. Improved communication skills led to an increase in classroom involvement and socialisation. The progressive change in the visual analyses over the intervention stages and the physiological effects of fluoride on communication were identified. Conclusion: Specific vocal and linguistic intervention is an efficient approach to reducing speech-related fluoride-associated difficulties, enhancing communication competence, and promoting educational and psychosocial gains in the beneficiaries of the intervention among adolescents.
Purpose: This study investigates the effects of fluoride-contaminated humidity in sports facilities in Guizhou Province on the lifespan of metal sports equipment, in terms of phenomena and characteristics of their degradation. Method: Thirty semi-structured interviews were made on maintenance technicians, facility managers, and athletes, which were also accompanied by weekly photo-elicitation as per equipment wear. Thematic analysis of interviews and the visual data was performed to trace the pattern of change between ambient exposure and the deterioration of the touch and visual perception and the following actions performed in the process of equipment repair. Results: There were four interrelated themes, namely, (1) Ambient Exposure, where the air was described as clammy and covered with fluoride deposits; (2) Tactile Degradation, which mainly included the emergence of scratchy or abrasive grips; (3) Visible Corrosion, which included pitting and coating flake-off; and (4) Repair Decisions, which were usually triggered by the presence of any roughness or initial pitting. It is suggested that a co-created early-warning system can be built that includes technicians, managers, and athletes in a mutually beneficial framework with their collective sensory input being used to direct timely maintenance practices. Findings: Qualitative EED Framework incorporates the principles of electrochemical corrosions into the daily operations. It emphasizes the potential of stakeholder-informed proactive maintenance to minimise downtime of equipment and effectively manage costs and ensure athlete wellbeing in the context of fluoride effects in the environment.
Purpose: To determine the protective effects of W.coagulans against Bifenthrin induced hepatotoxicity in mice. Methods: Ten days experiment was conducted by dividing forty male albino mice into 4 groups i.e Control, W.coagulans, Bifenthrin and Bifenthrin + W.coagulans. Hematological, histopathological, biochemical and micrometric analysis were performed to determine alterations in various parameters. Results: Bifenthrin treated group showed significant histopathological changes in liver tissue, including dilation of central vein, degeneration of hepatocytes, and widening of sinusoidal spaces. In contrast, preservation of histopathological structure was observed in W.coagulans treated group. RBC, Hb, HCT, MCV, MCH, platelets count decreased in Bifenthrin treated group, while these parameters increased on W.coagulans exposure (p<0.001). Bilirubin, ALT, AST, and alkaline phosphatase were markedly higher in Bifenthrin and Bifenthrin + W.coagulans groups compared to control, with W.coagulans showing intermediate effects (p<0.001). Conclusions: Fluoride exposure lead to statistically significant alterations in hepatocyte morphometry (CSA), hematological indices (CBC) and LFTs, whereas co-treatment with W.coagulans extract significantly ameliorated these changes (p<0.05).
Purpose: The present study evaluates the protective role of pyridoxine (vitamin B6) in alleviating lead and sodium fluoride (NaF) induced testicular toxicity in male albino mice. Methods: Sixty mice were divided into six groups (n=10): Control (no treatment), Pyridoxine (20mg/kg/day), Lead (50ppm lead nitrate), NaF (50ppm), Lead + Pyridoxine, and NaF + Pyridoxine. All treatments were administered orally for 21 days. Micrometry and histological analyses of the seminiferous tubules were performed to assess testicular alterations. Results: Lead-and NaF exposed groups showed significant abnormalities, including tubular deformation, germ cell disorganization, and increased apoptosis. Co-treatment with pyridoxine (20mg/kg) significantly restored seminiferous tubule CSA from 913.6 +/- 86.2 mu m2 (Pb group) to 703.1 +/- 72.7 mu m2 (Pb + B6 group; p < 0.001) and from 446.6 +/- 83.2 m2 (NaF group) to 533.3 +/- 87.2 mu m2 (NaF + B6 group; p < 0.001). Conclusions: In conclusion, these findings suggest that pyridoxine acts as a potent antioxidant that reduces lead-and NaF-induced testicular toxicity and supports normal spermatogenesis in male mice.
Purpose: Fluoride is known to enhance bone mineral density and hardness, but excessive fluoride can make bones brittle and affect soft tissues. Sprinting ranks among the most popular events in major international competitions, such as the Olympics, World Cup, and World Athletics Championships. Methods: In recent years, China has produced a cohort of outstanding sprinters who have achieved remarkable results. This success stems not only from the athletes' exceptional physical conditioning but also from the robust scientific support behind their training. While current classifications of the 100-meter race remain diverse and lack consensus, it is undeniable that sprinting comprises multiple distinct phases. Results: This study analyzes the correlations between lower-limb kinematics, dynamics, and electromyography (EMG) metrics during the high and low-acceleration phases of the 100-meter sprint following fluoride intervention. Nine athletes were tested using the Qualisys 3D motion capture system, Kistler force plates, and the Delsys wireless EMG acquisition system. Kinematic and dynamic data were analyzed using Visual3D software. Conclusions: Fluoride is not merely a passive agent but an active modulator of training adaptation. The findings emphasize that athletes and coaches must consider fluoride exposure as a contextual factor in periodized training programs. Monitoring fluoride intake and understanding its source is crucial, as its impact can range from potentially ergogenic to detrimental, depending entirely on the concurrent training stimulus. Future research should focus on establishing safe and effective thresholds and exploring the long-term implications for athlete health and peak performance across different sports.
