Purpose. A comprehensive analysis of the deformation processes occurring in the quarries of the Republic of Uzbekistan, such as Muruntau and Kalmakyr, with the aim of identifying the key factors influencing the stability of rock masses. Development of practical recommendations and effective measures to ensure the long-term stability of quarry slopes, prevent collapses, and minimize risks to worker safety and the environment. Methodology. The study involves a comprehensive analysis of geological, tectonic, and climatic factors affecting the stability of quarries. For this, data from long-term monitoring (1979–2024) is used, allowing the identification of trends and patterns in deformation processes. Additionally, the method of modeling the stress-deformed state of rock masses is applied to assess risks and develop predictive models of quarry behavior under various conditions. Findings: - the main types of deformations have been identified: collapses (82 %), landslides (18 %); - key destabilizing factors have been identified: tectonic faults, fracturing, drilling and blasting operations, and geodynamic activity; - critical slope angles have been determined (for the northern slope of Muruntau – 38°); - measures to improve stability have been proposed: geomechanical modeling, dynamic monitoring, optimization of drilling and blasting operations, and rock reinforcement. Originality. The interrelation between tectonic disturbances and the mechanisms of slope failure has been identified. Parameters of residual deformations after blasting operations have been determined. Recommendations have been developed for adjusting slope angles depending on lithology and fracturing. Practical value. The developed methods of monitoring and geomechanical modeling can be successfully integrated into quarry stability control systems, providing more accurate diagnostics of rock mass conditions. Optimizing drilling and blasting operation parameters, such as drilling grid, type and amount of explosives used, as well as the sequence and timing of detonations, will significantly reduce the risk of damage and increase the efficiency of mining operations. The use of innovative technologies, such as intelligent fiber-optic sensors, ensures continuous real-time monitoring of the rock mass condition, facilitating prompt responses to changes and preventing emergency situations.
Purpose. To develop a Smart Logistics information and analytics system that supports decision-making in last-mile delivery optimisation and logistics partner selection based on operational data analysis and multi-criteria evaluation of service quality. Methodology. An integrated approach is proposed that combines a microservice architecture, rule-based decision logic, geospatial services and multi-criteria optimisation methods. To aggregate heterogeneous carrier performance indicators (SLA, delivery price and NPS), the generalised Harrington desirability function is applied, enabling indicators of different nature to be transformed into a unified evaluation scale. Findings. The architecture and operational algorithms of the Smart Logistics system were developed to support automated carrier selection and personalised delivery decisions. The proposed carrier ranking model was tested using real logistics performance data from major Ukrainian cities. The results demonstrate that the desirability-based approach improves the objectivity of carrier evaluation and allows regional differences in service performance to be considered. Originality. The study proposes a hybrid approach to last-mile logistics management that integrates rule-based decision logic, data-driven analytics and multi-criteria optimisation using Harrington’s desirability function for carrier evaluation. Practical value. The developed system can be applied in digital logistics platforms and e-commerce environments to improve delivery efficiency, automate carrier selection and adapt logistics decisions to regional service characteristics.
Purpose. To evaluate the spatial sensitivity of the Bouhmama watershed, located in the Aurès Mountains of northeastern Algeria, to water erosion through the combined use of the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE), geographic information systems (GIS), and a qualitative multi-criteria analysis. Methodology. Rainfall erosivity, soil erodibility, slope length and steepness, vegetation cover, and support-practice factors were derived from rainfall records, soil and lithological information, a digital elevation model, Landsat 8/9 imagery, and land-use data. In parallel, NDVI, lithology, slope, soil moisture, soil classes, and land use/land cover were standardized, weighted, and overlaid in a GIS environment to generate a qualitative sensitivity map. Findings. The RUSLE-based map indicates that low and moderate sensitivity classes dominate the watershed, accounting for 52.0 and 24.2 % of the area, respectively, whereas high and very high sensitivity classes cover 14.7 and 8.3 %. The qualitative approach produced a comparable spatial pattern, with 43.27 % low, 28.56 % moderate, 17.31 % high, and 10.86 % very high sensitivity. The most erosion-prone zones are located along the northwestern, northeastern, eastern, and outer southeastern mountainous margins, where steep slopes, weakly cohesive materials, sparse vegetation cover, and concentrated runoff interact. Originality. The study integrates an empirical erosion model with an expert-based GIS multi-criteria framework in order to improve the interpretation of erosion sensitivity in a semi-arid mountainous watershed and to capture local environmental specificities that are not fully represented by the quantitative model alone. Practical value. The resulting maps provide a spatial basis for prioritizing soil and water conservation measures, erosion control planning, and sustainable land management in Bouhmama and comparable semi-arid watersheds.
Purpose. Development of principles for managing restoration processes in anthropogenically stressed ecosystems. Methodology. Standardised methods of laboratory and field research were used, as well as methods of statistical processing of experimental results. To assess the state of anthropogenic load, standardised methods based on the use of maximum permissible concentrations of substances were applied. The dynamics of intra-ecosystem processes were studied using quantitative and qualitative assessment methods, including biodiversity, soil condition, surface water bodies, and anthropogenic impact factors. Statistical analysis was performed using the Corel Quatro Pro 7 statistical package. Findings. The main theoretical and methodological provisions of the developed concept of hyperadaptation are presented. The patterns of the relationship between the hormetic effect and the tolerance range are established, and it is proven that the hormetic effect for ecosystems is a shift in stability (adaptability) towards optimality. The regulation mechanisms of ecosystem processes have been studied by examining direct and reverse links. It has been proven that reverse links preserve the integrity of the structure and functions of anthropogenically loaded ecosystems, and the duplication of reverse links increases their biotic potential and, consequently, their resistance to anthropogenic influences. A regulatory-functional scheme is presented that characterises the response of biota to external influences – the dynamics of changes in the environment of their existence. It has been proven that biotic potential is capable of reflecting the tendency of internal self-organisation, performing an adaptive function. A methodology has been proposed for assessing the effectiveness and reliability of the functioning of ecosystem self-regulation mechanisms under anthropogenic influences. It has been proven that in order to improve the ecological management of anthropogenically loaded ecosystems, application of phytotechnologies that ecosystems include in intra-ecosystem processes (to restore “damaged” components) as a reserve phytocomponent may be effective. Originality. The dependence of the biotic potential of ecosystems on the influence of anthropogenic factors has been established, and mechanisms for managing anthropogenically loaded ecosystems through regulation of intra-ecosystem processes is proposed. Practical value. The results obtained allow for the improvement of the ecological management of ecosystems under an increased risk of ecological imbalance. The developed methodology will allow the use of economically sound measures to increase the biotic potential of ecosystems, in particular phytotechnology.
Purpose. Justification of a rational strategy for reducing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from the exhaust gases of automotive internal combustion engines operating on gaseous fuels (natural gas natural gas–hydrogen blends hydrogen). Methodology. The scientific study is based on experimental investigations of CO2 emissions and other harmful exhaust gas constituents from internal combustion engines under laboratory conditions, mathematical modeling of in-cylinder combustion processes, and the calculation of harmful emissions during vehicle operation. Findings. The use of engines operating on natural gas reduces CO2 emissions by a factor of 1.5‒2 and significantly decreases emissions of NOx, CO, and CH. Natural gas may serve as an intermediate fuel in the transition toward hydrogen energy systems. A substantial reduction in CO2, NOx, CO, and CH emissions can be achieved by enriching natural gas with hydrogen (up to 10 % H₂). These findings are confirmed by experimental studies of automotive engines conducted under WLTP and ESC driving cycles. Originality. A relationship between carbon dioxide emissions and the hydrogen-to-carbon ratio (H/C) of the fuel has been established. Quantitative results of CO2 emissions from exhaust gases were obtained for internal combustion engines operating on natural gas and on natural gas–hydrogen blends as fuels. Practical value. A pathway for the substantial reduction of CO2 emissions has been identified through an increase in the hydrogen-to-carbon ratio (H/C) of the fuel. The addition of hydrogen (H₂) to the fuel lowers the ignition energy required for reliable ignition of the primary hydrocarbon fuel, thereby enabling the elimination of multi-spark high-energy ignition systems in gaseous-fueled engines.
Purpose. Quantitative assessment of the impact of the level of digital integration of participants in the raw materials logistics cluster of Kazakhstan on the stability and controllability of iron ore supply chains based on hybrid modelling. Methodology. The research methodology is based on hybrid simulation modelling, combining multi-agent modelling (MAS) and system dynamics (SD) to describe the functioning of a raw materials logistics cluster. The model with a discrete time step of one day simulates the behaviour of the mines, transport operator and metallurgical enterprise, as well as the dynamics of supplies, inventories and order formation based on the base-stock policy. The level of digital integration is set by a scalar parameter that affects information lags, correlation of failures and coordination of participants’ decisions. Findings. It is shown that an increase in the level of digital integration in the considered operating modes of the system leads to a decrease in the standard deviation of total daily supplies and a decrease in the probability of shortages. A significant weakening of the bullwhip effect has been established: the ratio of supply variation to demand variation decreases by more than half – from 4.6 to 2.1. The nonlinear threshold nature of the influence of digital integration on the dynamic stability of the system has been revealed, which manifests itself in the dependence of the time of inventory restoration on the level of digitalization and the mode of operation of the logistics system. Originality. A hybrid SD + MAS model has been developed, calibrated on a real raw material logistics cluster in Kazakhstan, and the threshold nature of the impact of digital integration on the sustainability and controllability of raw material supply chains has been identified. Practical value. The developed model allows one to assess the consequences of the introduction of cluster digital platforms, considering the operating mode of the logistics system and the large-scale parameters of the raw materials cluster. When planning the digitalization of raw materials logistics clusters, it is necessary to consider not only the target level of information systems integration, but also the current operational state of the supply chain, including capacity utilization levels, inventory structure and system sensitivity to information lags.
Purpose. Establishing the stages of structure formation involving con-sedimentation processes at the Berezivske gas condensate field. Methodology. Creation and analysis of a set of structural maps constructed using trend analysis for sediments of different ages. Information processing from published and archival geological literature. Findings. The application of the authors’ methodology for the distribution of local structures into con- and post-sedimentation categories using trend analysis allowed us to identify three stages in the development of the Berezivske gas-condensate field. The main folds of the field – the West Berezivska and East Berezivska anticlines – were formed during the Carboniferous. They were formed primarily through con-sedimental processes. Changes in the structural plan began in the Upper Carboniferous, including some modifications to the fold shapes and locations. The structural plan changed significantly during the Early Permian: The West Berezivska and East Berezivska anticlines did not manifest, and the local structures that formed were mainly post-sedimentation. In the Mesozoic, the structural plan changed again considerably. The main folds of the field practically did not manifest. Structural maps of Mesozoic horizons show several new local anticlines and synclines of mainly con-sedimentation origin. Therefore, during the development of the Berezivske gas-condensate field, periods with predominantly con-sedimentation folding occurred twice – in the Carboniferous and Mesozoic. Originality. It has been established that the structure of the Berezivske gas condensate field formed in three stages: Carboniferous (formation of folds predominantly in a con-sedimentation manner); Early Permian (change in the structural plan, with no significant evidence of con-sedimentation origin for local structures); Mesozoic (second change in the structural plan, formation of new local anticlines and synclines predominantly in a con-sedimentation manner). Practical value. The identified stages in the formation of folded structures provide a basis for analysing oil and gas potential in the central part of the near-axial zone of the Dnieper-Donets Depression.
Purpose. To develop and validate technical solutions for safe and efficient coal extraction at the bottom of deep coal accumulation zones characterized by complex geological and hydrogeological conditions. The research addresses key challenges such as high groundwater pressure, faulted structures, and reduced rock mass stability, using the Nam Mau and Nam Khe Tam underground mines as representative case studies. Methodology. The research methodology combined geological–hydrogeological data analysis, spatial database development, three-dimensional numerical modeling, expert evaluation, and pilot field validation. Based on structural and hydrological characteristics, two access systems were designed and implemented: a dual-level access layout for large and deep accumulation zones (Nam Mau Mine), and an optimized single-level access system for smaller and moderately inclined seams (Nam Khe Tam Mine). Findings. Field implementation demonstrated the technical effectiveness of the proposed systems. At Nam Mau Mine, the dual-level layout reduced groundwater accumulation by 35 %, increased ventilation efficiency by 1.45 times, and eliminated water inrush incidents during the testing period. At Nam Khe Tam Mine, the optimized single-level system reduced flooding-related downtime by 40 % and increased production by 9 %. Originality. The study proposes a differentiated design approach for mine access systems based on the morphological and hydrogeological characteristics of coal accumulation zones. The developed layouts provide an adaptive framework for managing high hydrostatic pressure and complex tectonic conditions in deep underground mining. Practical value. The proposed solutions can be applied to other underground coal mines with similar geological settings in the Quang Ninh Basin, contributing to improved safety, enhanced resource recovery, and greater operational efficiency.
Purpose. To substantiate the expansion of the interpretation of the category of “investment potential” (IP) and identify the determinants of the investment capacity of enterprises (ICE) under dynamic changes in external factors. Methodology. The content analysis method was used to assess the state of the investment market (IM). The comparative analysis method was used to assess the rate of change in macroeconomic risk indicators, the reduction in the volume of external capital investment inflows, and the adaptation of enterprises to challenges. The analytical generalization method was used to determine and substantiate the determinants of enterprises’ investment capacity and to assess the impact of adaptive capacity on the investment capacity of enterprises. The application of the critical analysis method contributed to determining the directions of forming the investment policy of enterprises (IPE). Findings. A trend of changing IPE using the securities instrument with preference given to investment certificates was established. It was indicated that this leads to a change in the structure of securities trading and requires a change in the stock market infrastructure. It was found that the adaptation of the investment market to challenges has a significant time lag of more than a year. It is indicated that the scientific category of “economic stability” in the conditions of significant dynamic external threats involves not only ensuring systemic equilibrium, but also, first of all, the presence of adaptability. It is confirmed that even with significant dynamics of external threats, the rate of their change allows enterprises to adapt their investment potential (IP) to negative external risks. It has been recorded that in the current crisis conditions, the concept of “risk management” needs to be adjusted, since it is becoming urgent to neutralize the consequences of risks and manage losses from risks. The directions of forming IPE are determined: implementation of ESG strategies, allocation of production capacity and capital as a means of reducing investment risk, and expansion of portfolio investment. Originality. For the first time, the need for an expanded interpretation of “investment potential” as a prerequisite for ensuring ESEE is substantiated. Some of the determinants of IP have been established for the first time, in particular, the expansion of portfolio investment and the presence of a gap between IP and ICE and some have been improved. Practical value. The identified determinants of ICE provide an opportunity to substantiate the investment policy of enterprises and instructive measures for the restoration of the country’s economy.
Purpose. To identify problematic aspects of protecting the right of access to information on the state of the environment (RAISE), to propose and justify improvements to the norms of the current Legislation of Ukraine. RAISE Methods. The use of the comparative legal method allowed us to identify discrepancies in the Legislation on the RAISE. Dialectical method ‒ to indicate the signs of environmental information and define them as indicator norms. Formal and legal method ‒ to justify the strengthening of the imperative norms of the RAISE and develop proposals for improving the legal mechanisms of the RAISE. The method of interpreting legal norms is to propose changes to the Legislation to properly ensure the RAISE. Findings. Problematic aspects of the RAISE are identified, and the insufficiency of their legal support is proven. It is indicated that the use of decisions of the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) as a precedent does not sufficiently resolve the contradictions of the Legislation due to the subsidiary nature of the role of the ECHR. It is indicated that improper expert assessment of threats of changes in the state of the environment, as a result of which the population is not informed about the threat, requires its definition as an offense. It is proposed to normalize an open information environment, which is based on an integrated database of environmental data of individual institutional structures and comprehensive monitoring of the state of the environment (SE). It is indicated that information about SE is one of the guarantees of the implementation of basic human rights ‒ the right to life and health. It is noted that when the implemented restrictions on the RAISE can have serious consequences for the health and life of citizens, this increases the responsibility for not providing the population with information about SE. Originality. Discrepancies in the current legislation in the legal sphere of access to information on the state of the environment are identified, measures to improve these legal mechanisms are proposed. The need to strengthen the level of imperativeness of the norms of the Environmental Protection and Environmental Protection Act are substantiated. Measures to regulate discrepancies in the Legislation to avoid legal, social and political consequences and ensure the procedural legal capacity of citizens. For the proper implementation of the RAISE during martial law, it is proposed to conduct permanent monitoring of the SE and promptly publish its results. The signs of environmental information are indicated and their use as indicator norms is proposed. Practical value. The results of the study and the proposed measures for changes in the Legislation of Ukraine to properly ensure the RAISE can be used by representatives of institutional structures to improve legal norms and in the practical activities of lawyers and research by scientists.
Purpose. Identification of the main trends, technologies and opportunities for the development of the mining sector of the economy and development of a methodological approach to marketing strategic planning of the activities of industry enterprises. Methodology. The methodological basis of the research is a systematic approach to the components and elements of marketing strategic planning of enterprises in the mining sector of the economy based on the use of both general scientific methods: system analysis; comparative analysis; and special methods – trend analysis, calculation and analytical, tabular and graphic ones. The information base includes research results from scientists and practitioners, reports from the global market research company Market Research Future (MRFR), statistics from the Global Data Platform and business intelligence Statista. statistical information of the state statistics service of Ukraine. The object of research is the process of marketing strategic planning of enterprises in the mining sector of the economy. Findings. The dynamics of the development of the global mining market in 2023‒2025 is revealed and it is predicted for the period 2028‒2029 and until 2033. The features of the global mining industry are established – strong regional concentration and significant growth potential in key sectors. The largest mining companies in the world by market capitalization and revenue are represented. Current key trends affecting the mining industry are revealed: sustainable development and green mining; digitalization; energy transition; transformation of the labor force. The dynamics of the number of active business entities under the KVED “mining industry and quarry development” in 2014‒2023 in Ukraine is analyzed and the top 10 companies of the mining industry by revenue at the beginning of 2023‒2025 are determined. The algorithm of the process of strategic marketing planning of Mining Enterprises is presented. Strategic alternatives (differentiation strategies, brand strategies, digital strategies, innovation strategies, adaptive strategies) are substantiated, on the basis of which it is possible to choose and form strategies for a particular enterprise. Originality. A methodological approach to the process of marketing strategic planning of mining enterprises adapted to the needs of the industry is proposed, which includes the following stages: collecting information for planning (STP-marketing competitive analysis, geopolitical analysis); formulating the company’s goals and objectives; choosing a strategy based on strategic alternatives (verification of the chosen strategy; implementation of the strategic plan). Practical value. The results of the study can be used to develop proposals for marketing strategic planning of the activities of mining enterprises in Ukraine.
Purpose. To analyse the positioning of permanent magnets (PMs) to ensure operational parameters and prevent irreversible demagnetization (ID) during the startup of line-start permanent magnet synchronous motors (LSPMSMs). Methodology. The research methods include theoretical methods to analyze ID phenomena and the operational parameters of the LSPMSM. The results are then validated using the finite element method in Ansys/Maxwell Version R2 2021. Findings. The research results indicate that the PMs’ positioning in the rotor not only affects the operational parameters of the LSPMSM but also influences the PMs’ ID susceptibility. A model of a 15 kW, 2-pole LSPMSM with a symmetrical three-magnet structure and a PM slot distance, Lp (the distance from the axis center to the PM slot), ranging from 29.5 to 33.5 mm is investigated. The results show that the smaller the distance Lp, the better the LSPMSM’s startup characteristics, with the best occurring at Lp = 29.5 mm. Conversely, as Lp increases, the current characteristics and efficiency improve. To achieve an efficiency rating of IE4 according to the IEC standard (³ 93.3 %) without exceeding 5 % ID of the PMs, it is required that 33.5 ³ Lp ³ 31.5 mm. The highest efficiency of 94.2 % is achieved at Lp = 33.5 mm. Originality. The magnet slot distance Lp is analysed in relation to the ID capacity of the PMs. The results demonstrate that not only the size of the PMs but also their positioning affects their parameters and ID susceptibility. Based on the findings, it is recommended to select Lp with a reasonable value to not only avoid partial ID but also ensure the operational parameters of the LSPMSM remain consistent with the initial design. Practical value. The research results indicate that in the design of the LSPMSM, not only the PM size but also the PM slot distance Lp must be considered to avoid PM ID and ensure the motor’s operating parameters.
Purpose. To identify the regularities governing the influence of magnetic field induction and particle size distribution on the technological performance of dry high-intensity magnetic separation (DHIMS) of tuff raw materials and on the quality of the resulting magnetic product. Methodology. The study was carried out using a laboratory-scale dry magnetic separation unit. The behavior of tuff was investigated in narrow particle-size fractions of +0.63–2.5 and +0.1–0.63 mm under varying magnetic field induction (0–1.3 T), while maintaining constant separator design parameters and a fixed material feed regime. Technological performance was evaluated based on yields of magnetic and non-magnetic fractions, the calculation of distribution functions, and the construction of regression models. The chemical composition of the products was determined by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis. Findings. The tuff was found to exhibit enhanced magnetic susceptibility and high friability, creating favorable conditions for efficient dry magnetic separation. The average yield of the magnetic fraction for the two samples studied was 51.8 %, with more than 98 % recovery achieved at magnetic field induction values up to B = 0.58 T. The regression models show a high degree of correlation (Pz = 0.97–0.975) within the acceptable induction range up to B = 0.9 T. XRF analysis of the magnetic product revealed an Fe2O3 content of 30.89 %, confirming effective concentration of iron-bearing components in the magnetic fraction. Originality. Mathematical modeling of the DHIMS process for tuff was performed for narrow particle-size classes, with the distribution function of magnetic separation product yield determined as a function of magnetic field induction. A consistent pattern of dependencies was established for the investigated size classes, and the statistical significance of the regression model parameters was confirmed (significance level ≤ 0.05). It was demonstrated that linear-logarithmic models provide the best description of the process up to an induction of 0.9 T. Practical value. The results enable a substantiated selection of DHIMS operating regimes for the integrated processing of tuffs, identification of rational particle-size classes for the removal of magnetic impurities, and prediction of process efficiency based on magnetic field induction. The obtained regression relationships can be applied in the design and optimization of preliminary beneficiation schemes for tuff raw materials, aimed at reducing the mass of material fed to subsequent energy-intensive operations.
Purpose. To study the use of rejected barite aggregates (BRA) from the Boucaïd mine as a partial substitute for quarry sand in concrete. Methodology. The concrete was prepared by replacing quarry sand (QS) with rejected barite aggregates (BRA) of fraction 0/4 mm, at (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 wt%). The mechanical properties and durability of the concrete were studied. Durability was assessed using leaching tests, in which concrete monoliths were immersed in water, an acid solution, and a sulfate solution. The leachates obtained were then subjected to chemical analysis to determine the heavy metal (Fe, Zn, and Pb) content. Findings. A significant improvement in the properties of the concrete was observed, particularly in terms of compressive strength. The addition of 10 wt% of BRA led to optimal performance, with a compressive strength of 56.44 MPa. Durability of the best concrete exposed to water, acid and sulfate attacks show a good resistance, since loss in mass of the concretes is stabilized after 48 hours of immersion. As regards environmental sustainability, chemical analysis of the concrete containing 10 wt% of barite rejects aggregate reveals that the levels of heavy metals (Fe, Zn, Pb) from leaching tests remain low and within regulatory limits (USEPA) since they are trapped and immobilized in the concrete structure. Originality. The novelty of this study lies in justifying the feasibility of the use of barite mine rejects as a partial substitute for quarry sand in concrete. The study highlights both an improvement in mechanical properties, particularly compressive strength and durability, and a sustainable environmental approach. This type of recovery has never been reported before for this type of mine reject. Practical value. This study proposes a sustainable and applicable approach to materials for the construction industry, which enables the recycling of mining rejects adding value to them and providing an effective method for rehabilitating mining sites.
Purpose. To develop a comprehensive effectiveness indicator for innovative personnel management mechanisms of Ukrainian enterprises in conditions of organisational entropy and digitalisation. Methodology. The study used the coefficient analysis method and methods such as quantitative and graphical analysis, graphical representation tools, and a comparative study of classical and innovative personnel management mechanisms. Findings. The work ranks personnel management mechanisms using a developed indicator that allows determining the effectiveness of enterprises in counteracting organisational entropy under the influence of digitalisation. This ranking is based on a proprietary integrated coefficient founded on a comparative analysis of traditional hiring and the EOR model, incorporating innovative staff retention mechanisms. Promising directions for research have been identified for the creation of an effective human resource management system based on the widespread introduction of digital tools. Originality. It has been found that there is no single indicator in global practice that would fully determine the effectiveness of enterprises in conditions of organisational entropy under the influence of digitalisation of personnel management. We propose our own integrated coefficient based on a comparative analysis of traditional hiring and the EOR model and innovative staff retention mechanisms in 2026, based on a set of indicators of time savings, risk reduction and impact on staff retention. Practical value. Research into aspects of the successful implementation of innovative personnel management mechanisms by leading enterprises identified through the integrated coefficient will allow their experience to be extended to other organisations. This will facilitate the creation of effective human resource management systems in the process of ensuring their own development.
Purpose. This study aims to assess the current status of groundwater exploitation, identify primary pollution sources, and analyze temporal changes in groundwater quality in Dak Nong Province, thereby providing a scientific basis for the sustainable management and protection of this essential resource. Methodology. The research combines field surveys, groundwater sampling, and laboratory analysis of key physicochemical and microbiological parameters from 2019 to 2023. Data were processed using descriptive statistics, hydrochemical diagrams, multivariate statistical analysis, and GIS integration to evaluate spatial and temporal variations in groundwater quality. Findings. The results show that overall groundwater quality in Dak Nong is generally good and within national and WHO standards. However, specific parameters (Fe, Mn, NH4+, NO3-, Coliform, and E. coli) exceeded thresholds in several locations, especially near landfills and cemeteries. Seasonal fluctuations and increasing concentrations of NO3- and NH4+ were observed in some areas, while microbiological pollution was widespread in shallow aquifers. Landfills and cemeteries were identified as the primary sources of pollution. Originality. Unlike previous studies that mainly used indirect or model-based approaches, this research provides a comprehensive, up-to-date evaluation based on direct field measurements, supported by multivariate and GIS-based analyses. This allows for accurate identification of both pollution sources and groundwater quality trends across aquifers. Practical value. The findings contribute scientific evidence to support groundwater management and planning in Dak Nong province. The study provides input for risk mapping, prioritization of “hotspot” areas, and policy recommendations, helping local authorities design effective strategies to reduce contamination, manage aquifer exploitation, and ensure water security under the pressures of climate change and socio-economic development.
Purpose. The development of an integrated model for assessing the success of discoveries and the economic efficiency of oil and gas production projects in Ukraine, which takes into account the interrelationship between geological conditions, technical parameters of development, and economic determinants. Methodology. An algorithm for assessing the probability of commercial success in discovering new deposits has been proposed, including modeling the distribution of projected recoverable resources and using specialized formulas to quantitatively assess the chances of success. A comprehensive economic and mathematical model for assessing the profitability of oil and gas projects has been developed, integrating geological, technical, and economic parameters. Standard financial indicators such as net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR), and payback period (PP) were applied to assess the economic viability of projects. Findings. The results obtained indicate that the success of discovery and economic assessment of oil and gas production projects are key factors for the development of Ukraine’s energy sector. To ensure the effectiveness of investment decisions in this area, it is necessary to apply comprehensive approaches to modeling and analysis. Originality. The proposed model differs from existing ones in its integrated approach, combining technical (geological), investment, commercial, and economic assessments. Practical value. The developed model can be used to make informed investment decisions, optimize field development, and improve the efficiency of Ukraine’s oil and gas industry.
Purpose. Conceptual explanation of the productivity paradox when using artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, as well as theoretical and empirical justification for the identification of a new macroeconomic phase determined by the introduction of intelligent systems. Methodology. The study is based on a comprehensive approach that combines secondary data analysis (aggregated statistical series of the US Bureau of Labor Statistics) and methods of theoretical analysis and generalization. For the mathematical and statistical calculation of long-term average annual rates of productivity change (AAPC), the index method and the geometric mean growth rate formula were used. Comparative analysis was used to retrospectively compare macroeconomic cycles and identify deviations from the long-term trend. In addition, the analysis of corporate cases and empirical reports was used to assess the micro-level effects of AI implementation in organizations. Findings. Eight distinct macroeconomic cycles of productivity change in the United States from 1947 to 2025 are identified. The advent of the “artificial intelligence phase” is justified. It is demonstrated that the gap between anticipated macroeconomic efficiency gains (expressed through the aggregate labor productivity index) and micro-level outcomes (specifically, the localized reduction in operational task execution time, the enhanced quality of generated solutions, and the accelerated skill acquisition by employees) is attributed to organizational and behavioral factors. The key micro-mechanisms of the labor productivity paradox have been identified: task expansion, the blurring of boundaries between work and non-work time, the intensification of multitasking, and the accumulation of “AI debt” by organizations. Originality. The theoretical explanation of the labor productivity paradox under conditions of systemic artificial intelligence implementation has been further developed. The periodization of US macroeconomic cycles was refined by calculating AAPC indices and identifying emerging stages, specifically the “pandemic and adaptation phase” and the “artificial intelligence phase”. A conceptual model of the AI productivity paradox has been proposed to explain the underlying causes of efficiency loss. Furthermore, the understanding of micro-mechanisms governing AI’s impact on organizational efficiency has been systematized and deepened, with their specific role in decelerating the growth of aggregate macroeconomic indicators being formalized. Practical value. A theoretical framework has been established for the development of targeted organizational and managerial measures aimed at overcoming micro-level productivity barriers and ensuring the harmonious integration of innovations into business processes. The study demonstrates the necessity of systemic alignment between the technological potential of artificial intelligence algorithms, organizational support, and the human factor to transform AI-driven benefits into sustainable economic growth.
Purpose. Identification of geological structure characteristics and sediment accumulation conditions to improve the regional assessment of hydrocarbon potential in the Mesozoic-Cenozoic deposits of the Afghan-Tajik Depression. Methodology. The following scientific methods were used: generalization and systematization of available factual data; analysis and validation of geological and geophysical information; identification of the main petroleum-bearing complexes and types of hydrocarbon traps. Findings. A variety of hydrocarbon traps associated with the platform (anticlinal and non-anticlinal) and orogenic (subthrust with horizontal displacements up to hundreds of meters) stages has been established; the variability of seals (Jurassic evaporites up to 800 m, Cretaceous clays 400–800 m, Paleogene Suzak Formation 10–210 m) with regional differences in mineralogy (montmorillonite, chlorite) has been clarified; high prospects of Paleogene-Cretaceous anticlines and Jurassic deposits throughout the basin have been confirmed. About 20 productive horizons (sandstones, carbonates) have been identified in 30 fields with a predominance of heavy sulfur oils and methane gases. Originality. A comprehensive synthesis and structural analysis of the geological characteristics of the Mesozoic–Cenozoic deposits in the Afghan-Tajik Depression have been performed. Stratigraphic and tectonic parameters–previously not considered in an integrated manner – have been clarified, including the spatial variability of cap rocks and the influence of neotectonic processes. A comparative analysis of hydrocarbon composition in various types of traps, including sub-thrust and hydrodynamic traps, has revealed patterns of hydrocarbon generation and preservation. These results form the basis for a refined petroleum potential model of the region and provide new guidance for exploration. Practical value. The practical significance of the research results lies in the justified selection of optimal zones and hydrocarbon-prospective areas for exploration, which enhances the potential for discovering industrially significant oil and gas accumulations, which contributes to strengthening the hydrocarbon resource base of the Afghan-Tajik Depression.
Purpose. Development and substantiation of a simplified analytical method for determining the duration of shunting movements, based on the use of averaged design parameters of station throats and characteristics of shunting consists. Methodology. The study employs the methods of railway operation theory, kinematic modelling, integral calculus, mathematical statistics, and simulation modelling. Findings. The research presented in the paper is aimed at confirming the hypothesis that the average time norm for shunting movements in a station throat is close in value to the time norm for movement over an average distance. Validation of the proposed method by comparing its established norms with the results of simulation modelling showed that the relative calculation error does not exceed 5 %. This confirms the scientific validity of the hypothesis and the suitability of the developed approach for practical use in railway operations. Originality. The study improves the method for standardising time consumption for shunting movements in station throats. As a result of the research, it is proven that the time norms for shunting movements established based on average distances and the average number of wagons in a shunting consist do not differ significantly from the average time norms for these operations. Unlike existing statistical methods, the proposed method allows for determining norms based on simpler analytical models and is built on a common methodological basis with the norms for wagon transfer. Practical value. The proposed method allows for a detailed consideration of the local operational features of individual stations and industrial sidings. The method can be used in the design of railway stations and the development of their technological processes. Furthermore, the results presented serve as a basis for research into improving standardisation methods for comprehensive shunting operations.
