The article examines the role of the Icherisheher State Historical and Architectural Reserve in the development of the national-cultural identity of young people and the importance of cultural and educational projects implemented here. In addition to the protection of cultural heritage, the study analyzes its role in the development of the historical memory, commitment to national values, and cultural awareness of the younger generation. The main purpose of the study is to determine the impact of excursions, exhibitions, master classes, creative projects, and other educational events organized in Icherisheher on the national-cultural identity of young people. Document analysis, description, and content analysis were used during the study. The results show that Icherisheher is not only a place where historical and architectural monuments are preserved, but also acts as an informal educational environment. Expanding cooperation between museums and educational institutions and organizing interactive projects have a significant impact on increasing young people's knowledge about cultural heritage and strengthening their attitude to national values.
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This study presents a source-critical and philological analysis of Kifāyat an-Naḥw fī ʿIlm al-Iʿrāb, a classical Arabic grammatical manual attributed to the Khwarazmian scholar Ziyāʾ ad-Dīn al-Makkī al-Khwarazmī. Although Central Asian scholars made major contributions to Arabic linguistic thought, many instructional works from the region remain insufficiently examined as manuscript traditions. The study therefore investigates the textual transmission, codicological profile, structural organization, theoretical affiliations, and pedagogical function of Kifāyat an-Naḥw. It applies a four-part methodology combining codicological description, textual criticism, structural and terminological mapping, and intertextual source analysis across manuscript exemplars and relevant grammatical works. The findings indicate that the treatise organizes Arabic grammar through a concise tripartite framework of noun, verb, and particle, while emphasizing the concepts of iʿrāb and ʿāmil. Its terminology and organization reflect a predominantly Basran orientation, alongside identifiable affinities with al-Jurjānī and al-Zamakhsharī. Codicological evidence, including compact formats, multilingual glosses, marginal commentary, and ownership or reading marks, further suggests sustained use in madrasa instruction. The study concludes that Kifāyat an-Naḥw represents a significant Khwarazmian adaptation of classical Arabic grammatical theory for non-native learners in medieval Central Asia and contributes to understanding regional traditions of Arabic philology within broader histories of manuscript-based linguistic education and transmission.
Today, respiratory diseases are considered one of the groups of diseases that have a serious impact on children's health worldwide. According to WHO, respiratory diseases are one of the leading causes of morbidity, medical care, hospitalizations, and preventable deaths among children. Asthma and bronchiolitis are among the most common causes of childhood respiratory distress and wheezing. In particular, lower respiratory tract infections, particularly pneumonia, are of particular epidemiological importance among children. The WHO also found that pneumonia is responsible for more than 700,000 deaths each year among children aged 5-8 years worldwide. Globally, there were more than 1400 pneumonia cases per 100,000 children. When looking at the incidence rate across regions, it was noted that in South Asia, there were approximately 2,500 cases per 100,000 children, while in West and Central Africa, there were 1,620 cases. It was found that the relevance of respiratory diseases remains high, especially in school-age children. Also, according to global assessments in 2024, lower respiratory infections, including pneumonia, among children aged 5-9, were one of the leading causes of death, with several leading diseases accounting for more than 40% of the main causes of death in this age group. The bronchi, as the air-conducting part of the respiratory system, are an important anatomical and morphofunctional structure in the development of respiratory diseases. The structural condition of the mucous membrane of the bronchial wall, the mucous membrane, the smooth muscle floor, the passage of airflow and the connective tissue components, the expansion and narrowing of the bronchi, the transport of mucous secretions and plays an important role in the mechanisms of local protection.
Ethnosport has become an increasingly visible framework for safeguarding traditional games, strengthening cultural identity, and presenting local physical practices to wider national and international audiences. This paper examines the problem of limited and fragmented media representation of Karakalpak ethnosport and develops an academically grounded strategy for its sustainable promotion. Using qualitative comparative document analysis, the study synthesizes Karakalpak sources on traditional games with scholarship on ethnosport, intangible cultural heritage, sportification, and digital heritage communication, alongside official materials from Uzbekistan, the World Ethnosport Confederation, and the World Nomad Games. The analysis shows that successful ethnosport development depends on an interconnected system of community practice, documentation, institutional coordination, event organization, and continuous multimedia storytelling. Comparative cases from Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, and international ethnosport networks demonstrate that festivals create visibility but do not substitute for year-round documentation and specialized journalism. For Karakalpakstan, the central challenge is therefore not simply increasing the quantity of sports news, but improving cultural context, terminology, archival continuity, and community participation in media production. The paper proposes a five-part media strategy: documentation, editorial specialization, multilingual digital distribution, educational integration, and institutional coordination. These measures can strengthen intergenerational transmission while preserving cultural specificity and avoiding excessive commercialization in contemporary society.
