The contamination of surfaces by antineoplastic drugs represents an increasing risk factor within healthcare environments. The primary causes are the rise in the number of prescriptions and patients treated in hospital oncology departments. Protective measures are implemented to safeguard workers involved in drug preparation within compounding units and administration units. The focus is on preventing contamination at the level of transfusion bags, while contamination from the biological fluids of treated patients, particularly urine, is significantly underestimated. Incorrect use of the toilet by patients due to ongoing intravenous therapy and poor personal hygiene is, at the time being, the most notable source of contamination inside administration units. In this context, the use of automatic toilet seats was tested in the departments of an Italian hospital to reduce the risk associated with the administration of antineoplastic drugs while simultaneously increasing the comfort of patients during day hospital treatments. The primary objective was to achieve a measurable reduction in surface contamination levels and thus assess improvements in patient and staff safety. Contamination levels of various surfaces inside the washrooms were monitored using UV lamps, focusing on the washroom floor, the surface of the toilet seat, and faucet. Samples were collected through wipe test sampling and then analysed using a UHPLC-MS/MS system. The results from the analyses and evaluations showed a promising reduction in contamination of the selected areas thanks to the use of the tested devices, accompanied by strong positive feedback from users.
Bosna i Hercegovina suočava se s ozbiljnim posljedicama neusvajanja zakona o kritičnim infrastrukturama na državnoj razini, što ugrožava sigurnost i stabilnost ključnih sektora. Ovaj zakon je ključan za identifikaciju, zaštitu i otpornost sektora poput energetike, transporta i komunikacija. Nedostatak jedinstvenog zakonodavnog okvira otežava koordinaciju između razina vlasti i povećava rizik od prirodnih i sigurnosnih prijetnji. U radu se analiziraju politički razlozi neprihvaćanja zakona, posljedice za infrastrukturu i mogućnosti prilagođavanja EU standardima. Fokus je stavljen na sigurnosne implikacije, uključujući ranjivost na kibernetičke prijetnje i otežanu međunarodnu suradnju. Rad također razmatra prepreke u donošenju zakona, uključujući političke nesuglasice i ulogu međunarodnih aktera.
Klimatske promjene uzrokuju promjene vremenskih uvjeta koje utječu na radni okoliš. Dugotrajnije, učestalije i ekstremne vrućine utječu na sigurnost i zdravlje radnika te mogu dovesti i do smrti radnika. Kako europsko zakonodavstvo u vezi sa zaštitom zdravlja i sigurnosti na radu ne nudi konkretne mjere zaštite radnika od rizika vrućina, kao za neke druge rizike te se primjenjuje samo općenita odredba kako je poslodavac obvezan štititi radnike od svih rizika povezanih sa svakim aspektom rada, države članice Europske unije samostalno uređuju ili ne uređuju to pitanje. Stoga, Europska konfederacija sindikata potiče Europsku komisiju na donošenje posebne direktive koja bi se bavila sprječavanjem rizika od izloženosti radnika vrućini na radnom mjestu - mjestu rada.
Light as a phenomenon has been researched for several thousands of years, and in relation to it, there are different theories about its expansion. A human observes light with a sense of sight and within a limited range of its noticeable wavelengths very tiny differences are recognized as colours. In a modern world, we are exposed to everyday light, both natural and artificial one. However, the biggest problem for our health is the exposure to artificial light, which imitates daily light. A person's one-day biological rhythm or a circadian rhythm determines basic physiological activities according to the change of day and night. It is responsible for the production of melatonin, an antioxidant that fights against the development of cancer cells. Artificial light used during the night, as well as night work, can disrupt production of melatonin and that way expose our organism to various diseases. Nowadays, there are documents making a legal framework in connection to lighting at workplace, which guarantee for its safe and quality use. This paper presents the results of illuminance measurement in the plant for the production of bee candy concerning the measurement points that include the plant, the warehouse and the mill. The purpose of these investigations is the review of compatibility of the existing arrangement of lighting units to valid regulations. Industrial processes, including the production of bee candy, often depend on the use of metal materials, technological solutions and appropriate equipment. The combination of appropriate metal materials, linking metallurgical achievements and optimal lighting contributes to a successful production process and achieving high standards in the bee candy production industry. The measurements showed that there is a need to review and improve the lighting fixtures and to harmonize the layout of the lighting fixtures with current regulations and the lighting of individual workplaces, which must be safe, functional and aesthetically pleasing.
Food safety is crucial for protecting consumer health, as pesticides used in agriculture to safeguard crops may leave residues in food products. These residues can pose health risks, necessitating regulatory monitoring, such as Maximum Residue Levels (MRLs) for pesticide residues. In the European Union, these levels are stipulated by Regulation (EC) No 396/2005. The aim of this study was to analyze the amount of pesticides in food products from the Split-Dalmatia County, Croatia, from 2019 to 2023, using analytical methods LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS. The samples included fruits, vegetables, olive oil, and jams, with a focus on detecting and quantifying pesticide residues. The findings indicate that all food samples analyzed using LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS methods had pesticide levels below the detection limit, with the exception of a few isolated cases where pesticides such as malathion, permethrin, and deltamethrin were detected above this threshold but still within the permissible limits. The only exception was strawberry jam, in which captafol was found at concentrations exceeding the maximum residue level (MRL). The tested samples encompassed a variety of agricultural products, and the GC-MS/MS analysis revealed that out of 22 food items, 15 samples (68.2%) contained pesticide levels below the detection limit, while 6 samples (27.3%) showed pesticide residues above the detection limit but within the permissible limit. Only one sample (4.5%) had pesticide levels exceeding the maximum allowable limit. Similarly, the LC-MS/MS analysis found that 21 samples (95.2%) had pesticide levels below the detection limit, with only one sample (4.5%) exceeding this threshold. These results suggest that food safety regulations were generally well adhered to, with only a few isolated instances of detected pesticide residues requiring further monitoring. The results show that in the majority of the analyzed samples, pesticide levels were below the detection limit or within permitted values, indicating overall effective control of pesticides in food production. However, isolated cases in samples of kale, lemon, nectarine, and strawberry jam, where certain pesticides were detected above the detection limit or allowed concentrations, suggest a possible localized issue, deficiencies in monitoring, or potential sources of contamination during storage and transportation. It is recommended that further analyses and investigations be conducted to confirm the consistency of these findings and identify the causes of these irregularities, with the aim of improving the monitoring system.
Anthropometric measures for Male Secondary School Students (MSSS) in Nigeria are sparsely reported in literature. Consequently, their Classroom Furniture (CF) are designed without recourse to anthropometric dimensions and ergonomic norms. This, perhaps, is because gathering anthropometric data consume sizeable resources. Thus, this study was designed to address these challenges by developing mathematical models for forecasting dimensions required for fabricating compatible CF for MSSS. A total of 232 MSSS aged between 11 and 18 years participated in the study. They were grouped into Lower-Class Male, Middle-Class Male, and Upper-Class Male. Eighteen mathematical models were developed for forecasting Knee Heights (KHT), Elbow Heights (EHT), Popliteal Height (PHT), Shoulder Heights (SHT), Buttock-Popliteal Lengths (BPL), and Hip Widths (HPW) using blend of predictors (stature, waist height, shoulder breadth, lower-arm length and shoulder-arm length) selected by Brute-search force. Statistical significance of the mathematical models’ terms was examined using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at 0.95 confidence level. Out of the 18 developed models, nine were quadratic while six and three exhibited two factors interactions and linear relationships respectively. The values of the adjusted co-efficient of determination of the models ranged from 0.902-0.906, 0.876-0.899, 0.881-0.927, 0.899-0.912, 0.950-0.998, 0.933-0.975 for KHT, EHT, PHT, SHT, BPL and HPW while that of their coefficient of variation ranged from 0.150-2.070, 0.225-1.054, 0.100-1.430, 0.170-0.670, 0.190-1.854, and 0.199-0.719 respectively. This suggested that the models display admirable forecasting capabilities and could be employed by CF producers.
Temeljni cilj ovoga rada jest istražiti stanje sigurnosti na željezničko-cestovnim prijelazima malih europskih željezničkih sustava. Pod malim željezničkim sustavima u ovom radu podrazumijevaju se željeznice europskih država duljine željezničke mreže manje od medijalne vrijednosti (3 907 km) željeznica EU-25, plus željeznice Švicarske i Norveške. Postavljene tri hipoteze dokazuju se metodama deskriptivne statistike i metodom korelacijske analize. Glavni nalaz ovoga rada potvrđuje statistički značajnu povezanost između broja željezničko-cestovnih prijelaza i broja nesreća. Dobiveni nalaz upućuje na nužnost smanjivanja i/ili potpunog eliminiranja željezničko-cestovnih prijelaza s ciljem osiguranja željene razine sigurnosti željezničkog prometa.
Work conditions are important factors in health, and unfavorable job factors such as airborne contaminants can negatively impact on mental health. These contaminants can be in the form of chemical vapors, dust, fumes, gases, or combinations thereof. This study aimed to investigate the associations between anxiety and depression with both individual and occupational factors, focusing particularly on airborne contaminants in industrial workplaces in Qom province, Iran. Conducted in 2024, this cross-sectional study randomly selected employees from various accessible industries. Data were collected using self-reported demographic information, and Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) questionnaires, and documented measurements of airborne pollutants from the industries. Multiple linear regression analysis was employed to identify predictors of anxiety and depression using SPSS v26. Among the 368 participants, the majority were male (83.7%) with a mean(±SD) age of 36.29(±8.14) years. The prevalence of moderate and higher levels were 45.4% for anxiety, 42.4% for depression, and 49.2% for stress. Exposure to unacceptable levels of airborne contaminants was significantly associated with both anxiety and depression (P
Medicinski otpad nastaje tijekom pružanja njege, zaštite i očuvanja zdravlja ljudi te zbog pružanja različitih usluga tijekom čijih aktivnosti dolazi u dodir s krvlju i izlučevinama ljudi. U skladu s Pravilnikom o gospodarenju medicinskim otpadom pod farmaceutski otpad ubrajaju se svi lijekovi, uključujući njihovu primarnu ambalažu, koji su postali neupotrebljivi zbog isteka roka valjanosti, prolijevanja ili rasipanja. Zdravstvene ustanove su najveći proizvođači opasnog otpada jer medicinski otpad ima veći potencijalni rizik za zdravlje ljudi nego neke druge vrste opasnog otpada zbog opasnih i infektivnih materijala koje može sadržavati. Zbog toga je gospodarenje medicinskim otpadom iznimno važno, a neodgovarajući način postupanja i gospodarenja medicinskim otpadom može imati ozbiljne javnozdravstvene posljedice te štetan utjecaj na okoliš. Pravilno gospodarenje farmaceutskim otpadom kao podgrupom medicinskog otpada podrazumijeva poštovanje zakonske regulative povezane s tom vrstom otpada. Na taj način se može djelomično pratiti i količina toksičnog otpada koja završava u okolišu, ali ne i spriječiti dospijeće štetnih tvari u okoliš kao ni njegov utjecaj na biotransformaciju i djelovanje u okolišu. U slučaju nepropisnog postupanja s farmaceutskim otpadom posljedice mogu biti različite od onečišćenja tla, zraka do onečišćenja voda. Za obradu farmaceutskog otpada koriste se metode koje će proizvesti najmanji rizik za ljudsko zdravlje i okoliš. U radu se navodi metodologija za kvalitativnu procjenu rizika na okoliš zbog nepropisnog gospodarenja s farmaceutskim otpadom koji nastaje tijekom rada u zdravstvenim ustanovama.
Zaštita radnika od rizika zbog izloženosti azbestu nije samo pitanje sigurnosti i zaštite zdravlja radnika na radu. To je složeni problem i odnos interdisciplinarnog i multidisciplinarnog karaktera. Pravo sigurnosti i zaštite zdravlja radnika na radu stvara (inovira) pravne norme različitih adresanata, naziva, sadržaja, vremenskog i prostornog važenja te postupka donošenja nastojeći stvoriti osnovu i okvir za što bolju zaštitu radnika od rizika zbog izlaganja azbestu. Dana 22. studenog 2023. Europski parlament i Vijeće Europske unije (EU) donijeli su Direktivu (EU) 2023/2668 o izmjeni Direktive 2009/148/EZ o zaštiti radnika od rizika povezanih s izlaganjem azbestu na radu. U pitanju je novi sadržaj koji se odnosi na zaštitu radnika od rizika povezanih s izlaganjem azbestu na radu, utvrđen u posebnom postupku propisanim Ugovorom o funkcioniranju Europske unije, što, s drugim oznakama, čini objektivne nomotehničke pretpostavke za izradu propisa, općenito i istaknuto u EU. Osim toga, iznose se razlozi izmjene Direktive 2009/48/EZ o zaštiti radnika od rizika povezanih s izlaganjem azbestu na radu, sadržaj osnovnih pitanja i odnosa u Direktivi (EU) 2023/2668, a posebno dosljednost zaštite zdravlja radnika u primjeni minimalnih zahtjeva utvrđenih u navedenoj Direktivi te obvezama država članica i poslodavaca u aktivnostima koje predstavljaju realiziranje njihove poslovne djelatnosti, kao i drugih subjekata. Nadalje, u ovom radu, uz druge propise, opisuje se i novi Pravilnik o zaštiti radnika od rizika zbog izlaganja azbestu, objavljenim u Narodnim novinama br. 15/25, koji je stupio na snagu 6. veljače 2025. godine.
Temeljni cilj ovoga rada jest prikazati kako sociopatski i psihopatski poremećaji ličnosti utječu na ponašanje takvih pojedinaca na radnom mjestu te istražiti na koji način poslodavci mogu djelovati na negativne učinke takvih ponašanja na radnom mjestu. Svrha rada jest ukazati na učestalost ovakvih poremećaja i analizirati povezanost takvih poremećaja ličnosti s uzrokovanjem psihičkog zlostavljanja na radnom mjestu te potom istražiti koje su obveze i mogućnosti poslodavaca da u radnom okruženju takva ponašanja preveniraju ili ih adekvatno zaustave i sankcioniraju. U radu su korištene znanstvene metode pregleda postojećih istraživanja i analize sadržaja postojećih propisa. Glavni nalaz ovoga rada upućuje na zaključak da pojedinci sa sociopatskim i psihopatskim poremećajima ličnosti negativno utječu na atmosferu radnog mjesta te mogu uzrokovati psihičko zlostavljanje na radnom mjestu. Stoga poslodavci provođenjem psihološke procjene trebaju prepoznati takve pojedince u postupku zapošljavanja, odnosno uspostaviti djelotvorne procedure postupanja u konkretnim situacijama uključujući one usmjerene na preventivno djelovanje.
Transportation is very important. Without it, there would be no life in the city and life is essential for the survival of modern society. As the population increased, the need for various means of transportation became critical. One of the reliable means of transportation is the use of minibus. As reliable as minibus seems, little attention has been given to ergonomic interaction between it and its users in Okitipupa, Nigeria. Therefore, this study focuses on the anthropometric perspective and ergonomic evaluation of minibus as a means of public transportation in Okitipupa, Nigeria. 120 commuters (60 males and 60 females) participated in the study. Seat dimensions such as seat height, seat depth, seat width, backrest height and clearance height were collected. These dimensions were compared with popliteal height, buttock-popliteal length, hip width, sitting-shoulder height and sitting stature respectively using match equations. Commuters’ responses and the outcome of the match equations analysis were in reasonable agreement. For example, about 95% commuters complained of leg pain due to inappropriate seat height while the seat height was inappropriate for virtually all the commuters from match equations analysis. The study seems to suggest that the anthropometric dimensions (AD) of the intended users were not considered in the design of the minibus. However, commuters using minibus which is not compatible with their AD are liable to future health issues due to repetitive CTDs (cumulative trauma disorders) and awkward postures. AD of the intended users, if considered, may help to reduce the CTDs.
Sports equipment is crucial in achieving athletic performance by providing comfort, flexibility, and support during physically demanding activities. Its functionality not only enhances athletes' performance but also helps maintain body temperature and comfort, allowing athletes to fully dedicate themselves to sporting challenges. This research focuses on sportswear, specifically football jerseys, emphasizing the importance of comfort. By analysing the thermal properties of football jerseys, the study aims to better understand the effects of clothing on thermal comfort during different phases of activity. Using an infrared thermographic camera and recording images of the participants before and after intense activity, zones of sweating and temperature changes are identified. The results of the study provide guidelines for the behaviour of athletes in sportswear made of three different materials. The results should also serve to improve the development of sportswear to better meet the needs of athletes and increase their comfort and performance.
Zbog pojave pandemije virusa COVID-19, a radi potreba socijalnog distanciranja i sprečavanja širenja virusa, mnogi poslodavci odlučili su prijeći na model rada na daljinu što se i nakon završetka pandemije zadržalo kao praksa izvođenja rada kod pojedinih poslodavaca. Prednosti rada na daljinu su: smanjenje troškova, povećana učinkovitost i produktivnost zaposlenika, mogućnost zapošljavanja bolje radne snage te veća sigurnost i zaštita radnika, dok su negativne posljedice: otežana komunikacija, neažurirani alati i neadekvatna oprema te smanjena mogućnost praćenja radnika, što utječe na njihovo evaluiranje, razvoj njihove karijere i napredovanje. Osobe koje rade na daljinu svoj posao obavljaju od kuće, iz knjižnice, zajedničkog ureda, kafića, parka ili drugog mjesta, a svaki od njih bira ono mjesto na kojem će biti produktivan i motiviran za rad. Ipak, pri odabiru mjesta za rad potrebno je u obzir uzeti utjecaj na zdravlje i dobrobit radnika te u što većoj mjeri primjenjivati pravila zaštite na radu i ergonomije. Nepravilno postavljeno radno mjesto donosi mnoge rizike za fizičko i psihičko zdravlje radnika, a negativne posljedice moguće je spriječiti edukacijom i osposobljavanjem radnika.
Razvojem novih tehnologija sve je veća izloženost ljudi neionizirajućem zračenju te izvori neionizirajućeg zračenja imaju sve veći utjecaj na okoliš. U pogledu sigurnosti, primjena propisa iz područja neionizirajućeg zračenja zahtijeva poznavanje, kako europskih, tako i nacionalnih pravnih normi. Stoga se u radu razmatraju neki pravni akti , značenje i pravna snaga istih, postupak njihovog donošenja, ostvarivanja prava koja proizlaze iz pravne stečevine Europske unije, a sve u svrhu razumijevanja postupka kojim su doneseni trenutno važeći pravni akti kojima se reguliraju mjere zaštite od neionizirajućeg zračenja u Republici Hrvatskoj. Posebno su naznačene međunarodne smjernice i preporuke proizašle iz znanstvenih istraživanja kojima je cilj zaštititi ljude i okoliš od različitih učinaka neionizirajućeg zračenja, a koje je Republika Hrvatska primijenila u svoje zakonodavstvo.
Burnout is a major global issue in healthcare that have a negative influence on patient care and health quality. As predicted by researchers, robots, algorithms, smart technolo-gy, and artificial intelligence (STARA) account for one-third of all employment current-ly held by humans. Through creative solutions, artificial intelligence (AI) offers enor-mous possibilities to lessen the managerial and cognitive constraints that lead to burnout. A cross sectional study used MBI and STARA awareness to calculate prevalence of artificial intelligence and burnout syndrome and to determine whether the use of AI reduces or increases the impact of burnout syndrome risks on healthcare practitioners. The average mean rating for burnout dimensions had been as follows: 28.65 ±14.89 SD for Emotional Exhaustion (EE), 9.89 ± 6.83 SD for Depersonalization (DP), and 39.72 ± 8.71 SD for Personal accomplishment (PA). The highest mean of participants, agreement recorded for the item “I am personally worried about my future in my industry due to AI replacing employees” 1.36 + 1.06, the total mean was 1.22 + 0.13 at level Disagree. Increased STARA awareness had a positive association with burnout. Burnout is linked to signs of personal and professional burden and appears to be a prevalent issue among physicians. Suggestions for bettering working circumstances are made. Being aware of AI patterns of use and specific characteristics linked to burnout, however, is an essential step to reduce the impact of burnout and AI awareness. Further investigation is required to determine the causes and establish appropriate measures for intervention.
Peripheral air leakage affects the ability of a facemask to protect a wearer from exposure to airborne contaminants. Leakage occurs when air bypasses a mask’s filter material and enters or exits the mask through gaps between the mask and the face. A wearer creates a negative pres-sure inside the mask during inhalation and a positive pressure during exhalation. These pres-sure differentials draw air in, or push air out of the mask reducing the effectiveness of a face-mask. An air-pressure measurement chamber was developed to simplify mask air leakage as-sessments. Changes in air pressure and airflow were recorded using a differential manometer and a digital thermoanemometer. Differences between mask airflow and airflow through an open configuration (control) determined the airflow deficit driving peripheral leakage. Four facemask types were tested including a surgical mask, a covid mask, a cotton mask and a N95 mask. The data showed leakage similarities among the four mask types tested. The surgical mask exhibited 50% leakage. The covid mask exhibited 67% leakage while the cotton mask exhibited 63%. The N95 mask exhibited a leakage of 72%. The results of this study confirm previous studies that show high levels of peripheral leakage associated with most facemasks currently in use. The assessment method described in this study provides a new and simplified method to determine such leakages.
Učestalost alergije na lateks u zdravstvenih djelatnika više je od deset puta veća nego u općoj populaciji. Rizik za razvoj alergije na lateks u zdravstvu poznat je dugi niz godina. Pojedine zemlje zabranile su upotrebu medicinskih lateks rukavica s puderom zbog širenja čestica lateksa aerosolom te rizika za razvoj respiratornih tegoba u osoblja i pacijenata koji su im izloženi. Lateks rukavice su u širokoj i svakodnevnoj uporabi u hrvatskom zdravstvu. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je utvrditi učestalost kožnih i respiratornih simptoma u zdravstvenih djelatnika koji su uzrokovani profesionalnim nošenjem lateks rukavica, posebno simptoma koji upućuju na alergiju na lateks. Korišten je američki Upitnik za probir alergije na lateks preveden na hrvatski. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 455 zdravstvenih djelatnika iz dvije zagrebačke kliničke bolnice: 361 medicinska sestra i tehničar, 71 liječnik i 23 ostalog bolničkog osoblja. Rezultati probira na lateks u zdravstvenih djelatnika pokazuju da je gotovo polovica imala simptome na koži povezane s nošenjem rukavica. Simptome urtikarije imalo je 18,5 % ispitanika, dok je 7 % djelatnika imalo simptome od strane gornjeg dišnog sustava, a od strane donjeg dišnog sustava 1,5 % ispitanika. Širenje lateks proteina u aerosol kod pojedinih osoba uzrokovalo je i respiratorne simptome. Upotreba lateks rukavica s puderom predstavlja dodatni rizik jer izlaže lateksu ne samo osobu koja ih nosi, nego i kolege i pacijente putem aerosola. Važno je podići svijest o zdravstvenom riziku povezanom s lateks rukavicama, a osobe koje navode simptome uputiti na alergološku obradu te osigurati medicinske rukavice bez lateksa kako bi se zdravlje na radu očuvalo.
With the rise of energy needs and decentralization of power generation, and especially the need for energy production from renewable sources, the use of power plants based on organic Rankine cycle is becoming more and more significant. However, this type of power plant wastes a lot of available heat after preheating of the working fluid. Combined heat and power (CHP) production enables mitigating wasted heat potential and increasing the overall efficiency of the organic Rankine cycle-based power plant. The aim of this work is thermodynamic characteristics determination and their comparison, for two organic Rankine cycle configurations for combined heat and power: split flow simple organic Rankine cycle (SF SORC) and double stage organic Rankine cycle (DS ORC). Considered geothermal sources are low to medium temperature sources between 120°C and 180°C. The methodology includes thermodynamic analysis and optimization of the specified organic Rankine cycle configurations for heat and power production from geothermal sources. The obtained results show that the combined heat and power split flow simple organic Rankine cycle (CHP SF SORC) configuration is superior to the combined heat and power double stage organic Rankine cycle (CHP DS ORC) configuration, where plant (system) efficiency can be increased up to 28% for low temperature district heating, and for district heating plant (system) efficiency usually increases from about 12% to 18% depending on the working fluid and the temperature of the geothermal fluid. With regard to combined heat and power double stage organic Rankine cycle (CHP DS ORC) configuration plant (system) efficiency can be increased up to 18% for low temperature district heating, and for district heating plant (system) efficiency usually increases from 5% to 8%.
Zahtjevi globalnog tržišta na području zaštite zdravlja i sigurnosti na radu sve su značajniji i stroži. Stoga upravljanje zdravljem i sigurnošću na radu svakim danom postaje sve važnije. Zaštita zdravlja i sigurnosti općenito se definira kao znanost o predviđanju, identificiranju, procjeni i kontroli rizika od opasnosti koje se javljaju na radnom mjestu, a koje mogu negativno utjecati na zdravlje radnika i drugih osoba na radu. U skladu s time upravljanje rizicima zdravlja i sigurnosti na radu je metoda koja se koristi za kontrolu, uklanjanje ili smanjenje opasnosti unutar parametara prihvatljivosti. Koncept rizika zbog svoje dvosmislenosti i složenosti uvijek je privlačio pozornost znanstvenika iz različitih područja i grana znanosti. U radu su prikazana teorijska načela upravljanja rizicima te osnovni koncepti upravljanja rizicima za zdravlje i sigurnost na radu. Također, u radu je dan prikaz osnovne filozofije i filozofske perspektive upravljanja rizicima za zdravlje i sigurnost na radu. Rasprava i zaključak daju preporuke i smjernice za daljnje promišljanje filozofije upravljanja rizicima za zdravlje i sigurnost na radu te moguća istraživanja.
