Formulating broiler diets to meet digestible calcium requirements may improve growth performance, efficiency, and the digestibility of phosphorus and amino acids, thereby reducing excretion into the environment.
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Replacing soya bean meal with alternative protein sources will reduce water consumption and may lead to dryer litter and decrease the incidence of foot pad dermatitis in growing turkeys
The need to reduce feed costs renewed the interest within the feed industry in whole grain feeding, which was a common practice at early days of commercial poultry production. There appears to be a general consensus that the inclusion of whole grain in broiler diets, using mixed feeding technique, will have no adverse effect on broiler performance (Amerah and Ravindran, 2008). But several studies have also demonstrated the beneficial effects of whole grain feeding on nutrient utilisation and broiler performance (Ferket, 2000; Svihus and Hetland, 2001). The aim of the present experiment was to examine if a new essential oils (EO) blend containing nature identical extracts of Thymol and Cinnamaldehyde was equally as effective in improving broiler performance when whole wheat was included in diets for broilers.
Choice tests may aid determining whether qualitative dietary restriction improves the welfare of feed-restricted broiler breeder chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus). However, hunger-stress may reduce competency to choose by impairing learning. The effect of chronic feed restriction on the ability of broiler breeders to learn a hunger-relevant discrimination task was investigated using a Y-maze paradigm. paradigm. The task was to associate black and white arms with large and small quantities of feed. Birds were reared to three growth curves by means of severe (n = 12), moderate (n = 12) or very mild feed restriction (n = 12). Learning the task and selecting the larger food option allowed birds to increase their feed intake. Time taken to traverse the Y-maze was also measured. Birds from all treatment groups traversed the Y-maze more quickly over time, indicating that they had learnt that running down the Y-maze arms was associated with a rewarding outcome (food). However, feed restriction significantly reduced their ability to associate the black and white cues with differences in food quantity. Consequently, average pay-offs in terms of daily feed increments disproportionately accrued to the less feed-restricted treatment groups. It is concluded that feed restriction affected the performance of broiler breeders in this task, perhaps by narrowing their attention such that they ignore potentially hunger-relevant contextual cues. However, low overall group success rates demonstrate that this task was difficult to learn even for less severely feed-restricted birds. Therefore, Y-maze choice tests may not be the most appropriate method for determining hungry broiler breeder dietary preferences.
