After the publication of the results of our patient’s treatment, presented in our article “Cardiometric study of the cardiovascular system performance under the influence of prolonged smoking and some other stresses” in Issue No.31 of our journal, we continued to observe the dynamics of his recovery.
The article discusses modern high-tech approaches to the diagnosis of gastrointestinal diseases. Revealing the relevance of the problem and the importance of accurate and timely diagnosis for the successful treatment of patients, the authors draw attention to the latest methods and technologies used in this field of medicine. The article discusses various diagnostic methods, including endoscopy, ultrasound, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, molecular genetic analyses, as well as the use of artificial intelligence and machine learning to analyze medical data. The advantages and limitations of each method, their effectiveness and development prospects are discussed. The question is also raised about the need for an integrated approach to diagnosis, including a combination of various methods to improve the accuracy and reliability of the results. It is concluded that low-frequency imaging technologies provide a promising strategy for diagnosing diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. These technologies provide more complete information about the disease by integrating multiple contrast agents for imaging.
Pyelonephritis is a serious disease that is widespread in Iraq and is mostly caused by Gram-negative bacteria, which are highly contagious and can spread from an infected person to others. The aim of this article was to evaluate the immunomodulatory role of Monocyte chemotactic protein-3 (MCP3) in the blood serum of patients with acute pyelonephritis and chronic pyelonephritis. A group of patients suspected of having nephritis were sampled in Najaf city, Iraq. Clinical and biochemical tests were performed to confirm their infection. Where 30 patients had acute pyelonephritis and 30 patients had chronic pyelonephritis, in addition to 29 healthy people who were considered control. MPC-3 was measured in the serum of the affected person using ELISA technology. MPC3 levels were significantly elevated (P < 0.05) in the group of patients with pyelonephritis compared with the control group. The chronic pyelonephritis group showed higher levels of MPC-3 in blood serum (P < 0.05) compared to the acute pyelonephritis group. This study showed that MPC-3 is related to pyelonephritis and can be used to help in diagnose the disease.
The results of the study of hemodynamic parameters in individuals of different age groups, the patterns of their age dynamics and the peculiarities of their influence on the formation of arterial hypo- and hypertension are presented. Based on the systematization of the profiles of systemic hemodynamics, clarifications in the pathogenesis of arterial hypertension are proposed. The rationale for an innovative approach to the choice of antihypertensive therapy, depending on the personal profile of hemodynamic parameters, is given.
The article considers an individual approach to the diagnosis and treatment of neurological diseases within the framework of personalized medicine and the use of artificial intelligence capabilities. The main focus is on an individual approach to the diagnosis and treatment of neurological diseases. Modern methods of data analysis and technologies allowing to adapt treatment to a specific patient are considered. Examples of successful applications of machine learning and artificial intelligence algorithms for the prediction, diagnosis and treatment of neurological disorders are also being investigated. The authors also emphasize the importance of collecting and analyzing big data in the development of personalized medicine in neurology and identify prospects for further research and application of this methodology. In addition, the advantages of personalized medicine and the use of artificial intelligence in neurology, such as improving diagnostic accuracy, optimizing treatment and improving the effectiveness of results, were analyzed. The challenges and limitations faced by researchers and doctors when implementing personalized approaches in neurological practice are studied, as well as ethical issues related to the use of patient data and decision-making based on machine learning algorithms are analyzed.
This work is a comprehensive review of modern aspects of the diagnosis and treatment of endocrine disorders and their impact on reproductive health. The basic principles of the functioning of the human endocrine system are highlighted, including the role of hormonal balance in maintaining the health and functioning of the reproductive system. Various types of endocrine disorders and their effects on reproductive health are also being investigated. In particular, conditions such as hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), hyperprolactinemia and diabetes, their symptoms, diagnosis and treatment are highlighted. Special attention is paid to the relationship between endocrine disorders and infertility, as well as methods of correcting hormonal imbalances to restore reproductive function. In addition, modern methods of diagnosis and treatment of endocrine disorders are discussed, including laboratory and instrumental methods, molecular genetic studies, as well as advanced approaches in pharmacological therapy, surgical interventions and alternative methods such as active surveillance and lifestyle changes.
The current study was done to isolation and indentification of the Staphlococcus aureus isolates associated with polycystic ovarian syndrome patients and determine the molecular status for these patients and bacteria. The study included 155 clinical samples, which were collected from November 2022 to June 2023. The samples included blood samples – vaginal swabs. About 75 samples were collected from women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and 30 samples were collected from women with polycystic ovarian disease ( PCOD). They visit Imam Al-Sadiq Hospital and Babylon Teaching Hospital for Maternity and Children in Babylon Governorate. While 50samples were collected from women without polycystic ovaries as a healthy group. All samples were cultured on different media for full bacteriological identification . In addition, blood samples were taken in order to studying molecular status. The results of this study on the polymerase chain reaction revealed a number of genes related to Staphylococcus aureus isolates and some of its virulence factors, including genes (mec A, spa, luks). The study revealed the presence of the mec A gene in 5 out of 38 isolates. And by (13.15 %). While the spa gene was present in 9 out of 38 isolates, with a rate of (23.68 %). While the luks gene was present in 7 out of 38 isolates, with a rate of (18.42 %). while the study included the genes of sick people by detecting some genes, including the study of genetic polymorphisms of the gene for cytokine IL13 in patient samples.
The present study is devoted to a comprehensive analysis of the relationship between neuropsychiatric disorders and ophthalmological pathologies. The paper provides an overview of the latest scientific data on this problem, with an emphasis on the pathophysiological mechanisms linking both groups of diseases. The mechanisms of the influence of psychological factors, such as stress and anxiety, on the state of the visual system, as well as the influence of changes in neurochemistry and neuroplasticity on the development of ophthalmic diseases are considered. The clinical manifestations of ophthalmological pathologies in patients with various neuropsychiatric disorders, including depression, anxiety disorders, schizophrenia, etc., are analyzed in detail. The results of clinical observations and studies confirming the importance of this relationship are presented. In addition, the article highlights modern methods of diagnosis and treatment of ophthalmological manifestations in patients with neuropsychiatric disorders. Psychotherapeutic approaches and rehabilitation methods are considered, taking into account the specifics of the patient’s condition.
The article discusses the features of the use of robotic systems in neurosurgery, as well as emerging problems and prospects in this area. The authors present an overview of the use of robotic systems in the field of neurosurgery, highlighting both current challenges and future prospects of this technology. The current state of neurosurgery is analyzed and a number of problems faced by surgeons are highlighted, including the difficulty of achieving high accuracy of exposure at the microscopic level, problems of access to deeply located or difficult to access areas of the brain, as well as the need to minimize potential risks for patients. The potential of robotic systems in solving these problems is also explored, and the advantages that robotic hardware and software complexes can provide are described in detail, including increased accuracy and predictability of surgical interventions, reduction of invasiveness of procedures, increased navigation capabilities inside the brain, and improved ergonomics for surgeons. In addition, the technical and organizational aspects of the introduction of robotic systems into the practice of neurosurgery are considered, which includes a discussion of equipment requirements, the integration of robotic systems into existing surgical practices, as well as aspects of training and training personnel to use new technologies.
This article explores the use of methods and tools for three-dimensional modeling of the heart with computer-aided design systems. The use of three-dimensional modeling in medicine is a very pressing scientific and engineering problem. The object of study of this work is the process of three-dimensional cardiac modeling with CAD, and the subject of research is methods and means of three-dimensional modeling of the heart. This publication also provides the key elements required to create a 3D computational model of the heart for biophysical modeling. The article discusses some of the difficulties that arise at various stages of developing 3D cardiac modeling. The approaches which are currently available for three-dimensional computer modeling of the heart are briefly described herein.
The aim of the current study is to find the levels of MIP and IL-23 in the serum of a group of male patients infected with Toxoplasma gondii who were diagnosed with the disease by rapid IGg screening and to find the levels of IGg protein in the blood serum of a group of male patients infected with the disease. The aforementioned immune indicators in the serum of healthy people as a control group. Blood samples were taken from donors who came to the main blood bank in Najaf Al-Ashraf, and the relationship between these immune indicators was studied using ELISA technology. The total number of males was (78), (48) of whom were sick males and (30) healthy males who were not infected with the disease. The study showed that the percentage of infected males was 61% and those who were not infected were (4.38%). Age was studied and it was found that there was no significant difference in the age of patients and healthy people, and that the age range of patients was between (16 – 56) years. Serum tests were conducted for MIP, there was a slight increase, and a highly significant increase for IL-23. The current study demonstrated the existence of positive relationships between MIP-1 and IL-23.
Background: Hair color repigmentation in the recipient area is a newly detected phenomena after hair transplantation. It’s detected especially in patients with gray or white hairs in the donor area, in which transferring these follicles to the recipient area stimulate them to regain their original blackish color, this may occur due to various stimulants that release during wound healing of slits after hair transplantation that trigger melanin production within the melanocyte inside the hair roots and promote hair repigmentation in the recipient area. Aim: The aim of this study was to detect the frequency of hair color repigmentation phenomena in the recipient area after hair transplantation. Patients and Methods: In this retrospective observational study, we detect thirty-four patients that develop hair color restoration phenomena in the recipient area after undergoing hair transplantation throughout a 1-year follow-up period. 1438 patients that undergo hair transplant between August 2021 and May 2023 were enrolled in this study among them 34 patients with white or gray hair in the donor area were vulnerable to hair color restoration phenomena, each patient was assessed both objectively and subjectively to evaluate the frequency of occurrence of this phenomenon and the percentage of hair follicles restore their original blackish color that transplanted to the recipient area. Results: Thirty-four patients with white or gray hair in the donor area were enrolled in this study that completed 1-year follow-up period. The evaluation score includes (percentage of patients show hair color restoration in the recipient area after hair transplantation, percentage of hair follicles show change in their original color, degree of color restoration among transplanted follicles in the recipient area) and patient’s satisfaction score showed greater positive results in which the majority of the patients with white or gray hair in the donor area restore their original blackish color of their hair after transplanted to the recipient area. Conclusion: Hair color repigmentation in the recipient area is a newly detected phenomena after hair transplantation surgery. Most patients with white or gray hair in the donor area show regain their original blackish color of their hair follicles in the recipient area after hair transplantation. We think that detecting this phenomenon will give us insight about how we can restore the original color of our white or gray hair by understanding the mechanism of how the melanocytes within the hair root regain their ability of melanin production after hair transplantation.
The article discusses modern methods of diagnosis of gynecological diseases. In recent years, there has been significant progress in the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in medicine, including gynecology. This paper presents an overview of modern methods of diagnosing gynecological diseases using AI. The authors consider various approaches, such as machine learning and deep learning, and describe their advantages in the context of improving diagnostic accuracy and speed. Special attention is paid to the analysis of large volumes of medical data, which allow us to create more effective diagnostic algorithms. Additionally, the potential of integrating AI into clinical practice and its impact on improving the quality of medical care for women is being considered, opening up new prospects in the field of gynecology.
Background: Myocardial perfusion imaging by single photon emission computed tomography (MPI–SPECT) is noninvasive test that can give an important information for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD), detect reversible ischemia, quantify defect sizes and help in clinical decisions of interventions as well as assessment of disease prognosis. Tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) emerged as a potential modality for assessing systolic and diastolic LV performance. Strain doppler echocardiography (SDE) is a new tool for measuring regional myocardial deformation excluding the effect of adjacent myocardial tissue. The development of Instantaneous wave-free Ratio (IFR) as a relatively new invasive method for physiological assessment of coronary lesions without the use of pharmacologic hyperemic agents is the golden standard test for assessment of intermediate coronary lesions and guiding the revascularization decision. Methods: This Cross-sectional study was done was conducted on 50 cases with intermediate coronary artery lesions admitted at the Cardiology departments in Benha University, Kobry Elkobba Military Hospital and Air Force Specialized Hospital. All groups were subjected to history and clinical examination, cardiac examination, 12 lead ECG, 2D echocardiography, routine laboratory investigations, coronary angiography with evaluation of intermediate lesion by IFR then TDI and SDE for evaluation the regional myocardial deformation of the segments supplied by the same coronary artery, after that 99mTc-sestamibi (MIBI) SPECT imaging was done to quantify defect size and finally correlation was done between results of IFR, TDI and SPECT to guide the revascularization decision. Results: Pearson’s correlation analysis showed that; Gated single-photon emission computed moderate and severe Ischemia, Sm-velocity, WMSI, DT, had a highly significant positive correlation with IFR value (p < 0.001). E/A ratio, Mean E/e’ velocity ratio, FS, LVEF and LV GLS had a highly significant negative correlation with IFR value (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Instantaneous wave-free Ratio (IFR) modality is a reliable measure to guide functional significance of the intermediate coronary artery lesions for decision making and guiding plan of management. But it is an expensive and invasive modality. On the other hand, SPECT and tissue doppler modalities showed high sensitivity and specificity in the same group of patients with less expensive, non-invasive and no contrast use advantages.
This article considers the effect made by the vaginal microbiome on the outcome of pregnancy. The vaginal microbiome is important for the health of a woman’s reproductive system and can affect some critical aspects of pregnancy such as the development of preeclampsia and the likelihood of premature birth. This study is based on an analysis of the composition of the microbiome in pregnant women and the correlation of the data obtained with the outcomes of their pregnancy. The results of the study can help in the development of new approaches to predictive diagnostics and treatment of possible pregnancy complications caused by changes in the vaginal microbiome.
This survey presents the material of neuroradiologic methods of investigation brain structures and function which changes during space flight. It’s taken to attention from inspection of cerebral blood circulation, reversibility of changes in the volumes of gray and white matter, features of neuroplasticity and the formation of new connectivity properties not previously discovered on Earth. The results of magnetic resonance imaging studies, changes in the balance of body fluids, indicators of the cardiovascular system under orthostatic testing, and features of the formation of blood circulation regulation during sleep, which is an integral component of adaptation to microgravity conditions, are presented.
The article discusses modern strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of acute pancreatitis with an emphasis on the prospects of an interdisciplinary approach. Acute pancreatitis remains a serious disease with high mortality and a complex clinical course. In recent years, there has been a significant development of diagnostic and treatment methods, including the use of modern educational technologies, drug therapy, surgical techniques and interventional procedures. However, the problem of acute pancreatitis requires an integrated approach combining the efforts of various medical specialists – from therapists and gastroenterologists to surgeons and intensive care specialists. The authors discuss the latest diagnostic methods, such as computed tomography and endoscopic ultrasound diagnostics, as well as innovative treatment approaches, including minimally invasive surgical interventions, etc. Research based on interdisciplinary collaboration helps to reduce mortality from acute pancreatitis and improve the prognosis of patients. The development and implementation of integrated strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of acute pancreatitis using modern technologies are key areas in improving the effectiveness of medical care for patients with this disease.
Lead (Pb) in paints is a serious public health hazard that has piqued the international community’s interest. Lead concentrations in lead-based paints have been assessed in several research conducted across the world. As a result, the goal of this article was to describe the findings of these research, give some knowledge of their human health consequences for law enforcement, and promote public awareness. The most notable gaps found have been highlighted in order to open the door for additional research efforts aimed at producing thorough data on this subject. Some of the evaluated studies found considerable amounts of lead in paints that were considerably over the allowable limits, despite the many regulatory controls on lead content in paints that exist worldwide. There have been reports of children cases of lead poisoning in a number of nations, including South Africa, France, Morocco, and the US. Lead levels in South Africa (145,000 ppm), China (860,000 ppm), and the US (22,550 ppm) have all been found to be high. 4,485.11 ppm in Thailand. India (104 ppm) and Palestine (6036 ppm). As a result, tight law enforcement measures pertaining to the progressive removal of paints containing lead and the management of lead content are required throughout the globe.
Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder triggered by the ingestion of gluten in genetically susceptible individuals. The current study aimed to compare the levels of these antibodies in celiac disease patients on active gluten-containing diets and those on gluten-free diets to demonstrate the ability to get rid of Celiac Disease by Gluten-Free Diet. The study involved 100 participants, divided into 60 CD patients and 40 controls, where all participant match in age and gender. The patient group was further divided into two subgroups 40 active celiac and 20 GFD. Blood samples were obtained from all participants, and levels of anti-tTG and anti-gliadin antibodies were using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) technology. The results showed The F test indicated a significant difference in the levels of anti-tTG and anti-gliadin antibodies between the active group (G1) and the diet group (G2) in comparison to the control group (G3), with a p-value less than 0.001. Upon conducting a deeper analysis using the least significant difference (LSD) on on anti-tTG IgA and IgG indicate that there are no significant differences between the patient groups G1 and G2, as evidenced by p-values of 0.120 for IgA. However, a significant difference was observed between G1 and G2 for IgG, with a p-value of 0.018. When comparing G1 with G3, and G2 with G3, significant differences were observed, with p-values less than 0.001. In the case of anti-gliadin IgA and IgG, the LSD test revealed a highly significant difference between G1 and G2, as indicated by a p-value less than 0.001. However, no significant differences were found between G1 and G3, with p-values of 0.499 for IgA and 0.110 for IgG. A highly significant difference was none the less observed between G2 and G3, with a p-value less than 0.001.In conclusion, This study highlights the importance of dietary adherence in celiac disease management. Patients on gluten-free diets had significantly lower levels of anti-TG and anti-gliadin antibodies, indicating better control of the autoimmune response. Monitoring these antibody levels can be a valuable tool in assessing the effectiveness of dietary interventions in celiac disease patients.
The article is an in-depth analysis of modern approaches to pain management in pediatrics, focused on the role of the anesthesiologist and pediatrician in providing optimal therapy. As part of this study, the authors highlight various aspects of pain management, ranging from pharmacological methods to non-pharmacological techniques such as psychological support and procedural pain relief. Special attention is paid to an individual approach to each patient, taking into account his age, physiological characteristics, as well as chronic diseases or features of pathologies. The authors analyze and compare existing standards and recommendations in the field of pain relief for children, discuss their applicability and effectiveness in a practical context. Practical tips and strategies for anesthesiologists and pediatricians aimed at optimizing the processes of anesthesia and improving the quality of medical care provided to children are presented. The problems faced by specialists in the field of anesthesia in children are also considered, and also suggests ways to overcome them through the development of innovative methods and techniques of anesthesia.
