Cactus pear is a multipurpose plant with great potential as a source of livestock feed yielding good meat productivity in Tigray region, Ethiopia. Although the cactus pear is continued to be a potential food and fodder plant, its development and productivity are limited by the lack of adequate Dactylopius coccus management. Therefore, this study was conducted with the objective of generating holistic information about the community's perception on the status of Dactylopius Coccus mainly with its distribution, impact, habitat and managements in selected Districts [Endamuhini, Hintalo Wajrat, Enderta and Quiha] of Tigray Region, Northern Ethiopia. A total of 65 informants were selected using purposive sampling method. The data has been collected through Rapid Ethno zoological Appraisal (REA) to obtain needed information quickly and inexpensively in a very short period of time. An assessment was made using semi- structured interviews, discussions and direct field observations. The result revealed that domestic animals, human beings, wind, and birds were the major vehicles for the dispersal of Dactylopius coccus. The habitat of Dactylopius coccus showed that homestead areas were high coverage which accounts 35.5% followed by Roadside [25%], rangeland [20%], and mountains and farmland [19.5%] respectively where Opuntia cactus dwells. The major impacts of Dactylopius coccus were reported as Competing human Food and animal Feed, Cactus pear loss, Deforestation & Soil Degradation respectively. The most practiced method to control the impact of Dactylopius coccus was locally formulated chemical and cutting & burying approaches. The rate and scale of spread have been increasing at an alarming rate affecting the socioeconomic status of the community and having an adverse effect on the environment. The survey highlights Dactylopius coccus management approaches implemented by governmental actors were not effective to switch the infestation of Opuntia cactus in all of the districts. The local people view, Dactylopius coccus as an alien invasive (insect pest) that threatened the naturalized Opuntia cactus thereby affecting the livelihood of the community and animal feed. Therefore the community, governmental & non-governmental organizations, and investors shall form a coalition to exert an integrated pest management strategy.
Batuan Village is one of the tourist villages located in Gianyar Regency. This village has become a tourist village since 2021 through the Decree of the Gianyar Regent No. 1311/E-02/HK/2021. There are several problems related to the governance of the Tourism Village caused by the lack of synergy between related institutions in Batuan Tourism Village, which causes community participation to tend to be passive in improving the quality of tourist destinations in Batuan Village. This study aims to analyze the influence of institutions and community participation in improving the quality of tourist destinations in Batuan Tourism Village. Institutions play a vital role in improving the quality of tourist destinations. Pokdarwis, as the vanguard of tourist destination development in Batuan Village, can motivate the community to participate in improving the quality of tourist destinations in Batuan Village.
Satay as a traditional Indonesian product is still sold directly in fresh processed form and none has been sold in frozen processed form. So far, various types of satay have been found based on raw materials, processing, spices used, and region of origin. One type of traditional satay is komoh. Inspired by products that can be sold in frozen processed form such as nuggets sold in frozen semi-cooked processed form, it is necessary to conduct research on satay products. The aim of this study to determine the right conditions for processed satay meat that can be stored frozen. The research method applied was an experimental method carried out in the form of treating raw satay conditions, semi-cooked satay conditions, and cooked satay conditions stored frozen. Satay was made in 2 ways, namely the traditional charcoal grilling process and the microwave grilling process. The results showed that satay komoh from Thunnus meat made with a microwave was organoleptically preferred over conventional satay komoh, both in terms of color, aroma, taste, and texture attributes. Microwave-satay has lower texture, peroxide value, Thio-barbituric Acid, and water content than conventional-satay. Satay komoh that stored frozen in half-cooked and cooked conditions is preferred over raw conditions. Satay komoh that stored frozen with increasing doneness has an effect on the texture, peroxide, Thio-barbituric Acid, and water content. The best treatment in frozen storage of satay komoh was grilling with a microwave in half-cooked conditions.
Rice is a vital commodity for Indonesian society and highly sensitive to price fluctuations. This study analyzes the trends and price disparity of Medium-1 and Super-1 quality rice in traditional markets of East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Monthly data from January 2018 to December 2023 were analyzed using the Coefficient of Variation and simultaneous testing (F-test) within a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Results show that prior to the pandemic, Medium-1 rice prices were stable at around IDR 11,000/kg, decreasing to IDR 9,800/kg. During the pandemic, prices surged to IDR 15,000/kg by early 2023, likely due to increased demand from government social assistance programs, and remained high post-pandemic, reaching IDR 17,000/kg in Maumere. The highest price fluctuations occurred during the pandemic, with variations of 12.75% for Medium-1 and 11.89% for Super-1 in Maumere. The F-test indicates that the pandemic did not significantly affect price changes in Alok and Tier markets.
This study demonstrates the correlation between extraversion—personality dimensions proposed by Hans Eysenck—and communication apprehension, as defined by James McCroskey. These variables are closely linked to the paradigm of communibiology, a theory developed by communication scholars that argues biological processes within the human body influence communication behavior, rather than just social learning. This research was conducted using a cross-sectional study method. The results indicate that the personality tendency of extraversion does not correlate with communication apprehension. Processes occurring in the human nervous system and brain influence how certain personality tendencies affect individual behavior—in this case, communication apprehension. This study is expected to pave the way for more in-depth exploration of communibiology studies.
The West Lampung Regency Government, Indonesia, has pioneered a millennial empowerment initiative through the establishment of a coffee school. This program encompasses vocational education in coffee cultivation and processing, designed to enhance both economic and social outcomes. The coffee school, located in Sukajaya Village, not only serves as a training center but also promotes agro-tourism due to its strategic location. The program aligns with sustainable development principles, emphasizing resource preservation for future generations and environmental consciousness. Millennials, known for their adaptability and openness to innovation, are a key focus of this initiative, benefiting from its practical training and entrepreneurial opportunities. The study explores the relationship between good environmental governance, sustainable development, and the empowerment of millennials, particularly through the Coffee School Program, and highlights its potential to improve community welfare and the local coffee industry.
Shallots are a key commodity in Indonesia and play a significant role in household consumption and economic stability. This study aims to: 1) analyze shallot price trends in Mataram and Kupang during the pandemic and post-pandemic periods, 2) assess the degree of price fluctuations in these regions, and 3) compare the variability of shallot prices between the two periods. The research utilizes secondary time-series data spanning from January 2020 to December 2023. The results show significant price fluctuations during and after the pandemic, with CV values exceeding 9%, indicating high variability. In Kupang, the CV increased from 19.16% during the pandemic to 31.62% post-pandemic, while in Mataram, it rose from 16.84% to 26.26%.
Small-scale fishermen on the southern coast of Java face various challenges, including structural poverty, limited market access, and low understanding of financial management and digital marketing. Additionally, they are affected by climate change, which has led to decreased catch yields and heightened safety risks. A lack of innovation in processing their catch and limitations in marketing strategies further exacerbate their economic conditions. This study aims to analyze the implementation of Entrepreneurial Marketing Processes (EMP) as an approach to enhance the welfare and reduce poverty among small-scale fishermen by improving the financial performance of fishing communities. Using Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), the study evaluates the effects of reputation, cost advantage, differentiation, innovation, and financial performance of small-scale fishermen, involving 100 small-scale fishermen respondents. The findings show that innovation and corporate reputation significantly influence cost advantage and product differentiation, which ultimately improve the financial performance of fishermen. The implementation of EMP has proven effective in helping small-scale fishermen maximize market opportunities, increase efficiency, and create value-added products. The resulting policy recommendations are expected to assist in the development of poverty alleviation programs focused on empowering fishermen through innovative and sustainable marketing strategies.
The climbing perch (Anabas testudineus) is a type of local fish that is popular by the people of South Kalimantan and has high economic value. One of the factors that influence the growth of climbing perch is feed. One of the natural ingredients that can be used to increase fish growth is mangrove leaf extract. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of adding of Avicennia marina leaf extract to increase the growth and survival of climbing perch. The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 (four) treatments, namely treatment P1 feeding with no addition of leaf extracts of A. marina as control, treatment P2 feeding with addition of leaf extracts of A. marina as much as 100 ppm/kg of feed, P3 treatment 200 ppm/kg of feed and P4 treatment of 300 ppm/kg of feed. The parameters observed were absolute weight growth, relative growth rate, survival, feed conversion, feed efficiency, and water quality. Climbing perch were fed 5% of fish biomass per day and the frequency of feeding was 2 times a day for 45 days. The results of the study showed that the climbing perch fed with the addition of A. maria leaf extract 300 ppm/kg of feed resulted in weight growth, relative growth rate, feed conversion, feed efficiency in the P4 treatment of 4.71 g, 71.36%, 1.32, 112.59% and SR 100% respectively. Water quality parameters were still in reasonable conditions, ideal for the growth of climbing perch kept during the study.
Wheat is a staple crop in Nepal, yet significant yield gaps remain. This study aimed to assess the adoption of wheat production technologies in Rupandehi district, specifically in Kotahimai, and Sammarimai rural municipalities. Primary data were collected using a pre-tested interview schedule, supplemented by focus group discussions and key informant surveys. Secondary data were gathered from relevant literature. A total of 85 households were randomly selected for the survey. Data analysis was performed using SPSS and Microsoft Excel, employing descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation, frequency, and percentage. A probit regression model was utilized to evaluate the impact of various factors on the adoption of improved wheat varieties, while indexing was used to rank production challenges. The study found that 52% of farmers adopted recommended wheat varieties, while the adoption rates for seed rate, sowing methods, irrigation, and harvesting methods were 39%, 10%, 44%, and 54%, respectively. Significant factors influencing adoption included education level, organizational membership, training participation, subsidies, and loans. Major constraints in wheat production included inadequate irrigation, limited fertilizer availability, lack of agricultural machinery, poor-quality seeds, and pest and disease issues. The probit model results indicated that increased participation in training, organizational membership, higher education levels, and access to subsidies significantly enhance the adoption of improved wheat production technologies.
Final Disposal Sites as the final place of waste processing that implements the open dumping system have the risk of environmental pollution. Leachate comes from the results of decomposition or degradation of decomposed and dissolved waste. The presence of leachate content also has a negative impact on the environment, especially on the decline in water quality and disruption of the metabolism of aquatic organisms. The environment of traditional Channos channos ponds has the potential to be contaminated by leachate. This study was conducted by taking samples of pond water and farmed C. channos by sampling in 3 different zones. Zone 1 ponds were within a radius of less than 1 kilometer, zone 2 was within a radius of 1 to 2 kilometers and zone 3 was in the zone near the sea within a radius of more than 2 kilometers from the landfill. The research procedure carried out was total bacterial contamination tests. Based on the results of study, C. channos in zone 1 have a higher total bacterial value compared to zones 2 and 3. This is related to the pond area in zone 1 having the closest radius from the site, which is less than 1 kilometer. However, the total plate count in fish meat samples from zones 1, 2, and 3 exceeds the safety threshold for fresh fish food. The presence of bacterial contamination that exceeds the standard limit can have a negative effect on consumers. Therefore, it is important to know the safety of food before consuming food so that the body is protected from toxins from food sources.
Sugar productivity could be increased by increasing sugarcane stem length. This study aims to produce better stem length and weight of crossed clones with higher sugar productivity than the SIL 04 clone. The study took place in Glugur of Ngenep Village, Karangploso District, Malang Regency of East Java Province, Indonesia, from October 2022 to October 2023. As many as 18 potential clones from biparental crossing (SIL 04 x (6535, PS 881 and BL)) with AS3 (21/5/..), AS 5 (21/9/..), MLG 18 (21/25/..) and 31228 (21/46/..), and one variety of SIL 04 were arranged in a Randomized Block Design with 2 replications. The results showed that clones 5/21/11 and 9/21/36 produced stem lengths of 120.85 and 74.01%, weight of 94.99 and 34.44%, sugarcane yield of 44.98 and 39.69%, and sugar yield of 20.42, which was 26.39% higher than SIL 04 (114.22 cm, 31.33 mm, 944.21 g stem-1, 82.41 t ha-1, and 10.04 ha-1). Improvements in sugar yield in crossed clones occurred through improvements in sugarcane yield (75.77%). Improvements in sugarcane yield occurred through improvements in stem weight (75.78%). Improvements in stem weight occurred through improvements in stem length (56.61%).
Farmers use indigenous knowledge of seasonal climate predictions to plan their agricultural calendars to ensure sustainable production of subsistence crops. The present study presents a review of the literature on climate change and its effects on subsistence production in Limpopo Province and South Africa. Research from Africa and other regions supports existing literature, offering essential insights into seasonal variations, their effects on rain-fed agricultural productivity, and the measures for adaptation and mitigation. The review details small-scale farmers' understanding of the four seasons (summer, winter, spring, and fall), including their corresponding months, distinctive features, and relevant agricultural practices. Plant phenology such as change in fruiting and brooding period signals seasonal variations. Integrating indigenous and modern knowledge systems into environmental policy processes can enhance decision-makers comprehension of the role indigenous knowledge plays in shaping perceptions, impacts, and adaptations related to climate change. This could be a crucial strategy for mitigating climate change susceptibility, strengthening the resilience of small-scale farmers, and augmenting their adaptive capability.
This study examines the cut flower industry in Nepal, focusing on the global and national market scenarios, trade trends, and policy implications. The report uses various trade-related data from sources like the Trade and Export Promotion Centre (TEPC), International Trade Centre (ITC), and Floriculture Association of Nepal (FAN). The global cut flower market, valued at $10.5 billion in 2021, is expected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 4.2% from 2022 to 2032. The Nepalese cut flower industry has witnessed significant growth since its inception in the 1990s, with the number of nurseries and cut flower showrooms increasing over the years. The industry is primarily concentrated in Kathmandu, Lalitpur, Morang, Kaski, and Bhaktapur, with local production meeting summer demand and imports supplementing winter demand. In 2022, Nepal exported 1 metric ton of cut flowers, primarily to Australia and Qatar, while importing 845 metric tons, mainly from India. The study identifies challenges such as high production costs, neglected potential, limited export diversification, and the impact of regulations on Nepal's cut flower industry. To address the trade deficit, the study recommends government support, infrastructure development, and market research. The findings of this study can be beneficial for policymakers, industry stakeholders, and researchers in understanding the dynamics of the cut flower industry in Nepal and developing strategies to enhance its competitiveness and sustainability.
The increase in sugar demand over the last 5 years has led to efforts to increase sugar production, including creating new superior varieties; the biparental crossing is one way to produce new superior varieties. The study was done at IP2TP Karangploso, Malang, Indonesia, from December 2020 to November 2022; it aims to obtain potential clones that produce higher crystals than female parents. Seventeen clones resulting from crosses and one female parent (POJ 2878) were arranged in a Randomized Block Design with 2 repetitions. The results showed that apart from clone 19/18/10, all clones tested produced sugar yield at 5.94-10.88 t/ha, which increased 72.87% from the female parent (4.93 t/ha). Of the clones that experienced an increase, 9 clones (19/3/2, 19/3/4, 19/3/5, 19/3/8, 19/3/11, 19/3/14, 19/ 3/15, 3/19/16, and 3/19/19) showed an increase in sugar yield by 74.83-120.57%, or more than 72.87% of the female parents. The increase in sugar yield occurs through increased sugarcane productivity.
This study aims to find strategies and ways to improve teachers' professional commitment by conducting research related to the effect of transformational leadership, organizational climate, job satisfaction, and trust on teachers' professional commitment. The population in this study were teachers at private vocational schools in the Lebak district, totaling 716 teachers, using proportional random sampling techniques based on the Taro Yamane Formula, a selected sample of 257 teachers was obtained, spread according to their proportions in 45 private vocational schools in Lebak district. This study uses a survey method with a path analysis approach and is continued with SITOREM analysis. The results of the study indicate that there is a significant positive direct and indirect effect between transformational leadership, organizational climate, job satisfaction on teachers' professional commitment (Y) through trust The results of the SITOREM analysis show that based on the order of priority improvement, the indicators of the variables that need to be improved are: 1) Idealized effect, 2) Change Agent, 3) Response to superiors or leaders, 4) Response to the respect received, 5) Response to the work environment, 6) Response to career opportunities and self-development, 7) Organizational Values, 8) Virtuous leadership, 9) Applicable regulations, 10) Compensation and rewards, 11) Openness, 12) Work Regulation System, 13) Enthusiasm and involvement in work, 14) Dedication and desire for sustainability.
Political parties are fundamental pillars of democracy and serve as vehicles for gaining political power within the state. They play a vital role in national development, leading to the establishment of the Political Parties Law to provide a legal framework for their existence. This law also facilitates state financial assistance to political parties, sourced from the National Budget (APBN) and Regional Budget (APBD). With this support comes a responsibility for political parties to submit accurate and transparent reports on how the funds are used. However, instances of misuse and corruption involving these funds are not uncommon. While criminal liability for such corruption typically falls on party officials, the Anti-Corruption Law provides a basis for holding the political parties themselves accountable. This leads to a critical issue of regulatory ambiguity, raising two key questions. First, can political parties be classified as corporations in corruption cases involving state financial assistance? Second, what form of regulation can provide legal certainty regarding the criminal liability of political parties as a corporation in corruption cases involving state financial assistance? Through normative legal research, this study finds that political parties can indeed be classified as corporations under the Anti-Corruption Law, based on both their normative status and identification theory. It also calls for regulatory reforms to establish the criminal liability of political parties. This includes amending the Political Parties Law and related regulations to ensure both political parties and their officials are held accountable in corruption cases involving state financial assistance.
Ethiopia's agricultural sector is predominantly dependent on rain-fed farming, and irrigation systems are becoming increasingly essential for enhancing productivity and ensuring food security. This study assesses on-farm water management practices within small-scale irrigation schemes in southern Ethiopia, focusing on two irrigation schemes, Wosha and Werka, located in the Wondo Genet District Sidama Region. The physical characteristics of the soil, crop water and irrigation requirements, irrigation scheduling, and application efficiency were evaluated. The findings revealed that Werka exhibited better soil water-holding capacity and higher application efficiency (59%) than Wosha (48.2%). Sugarcane and chat were the dominant crops in both schemes, with irrigation scheduling showing gaps between farmer practices and optimal water intervals, particularly in Wosha. Overall, Werka's irrigation system demonstrated a better performance, highlighting the need for improvements in Wosha’s irrigation management practices. Farmers in both schemes, especially in Wosha, should adopt scientifically calculated irrigation intervals to reduce water wastage and enhance crop yield. Strengthening technical proficiency in water management and providing training on modern irrigation techniques are essential for farmers to optimize water use.
Agritourism-based tourist villages can provide economic benefits to local communities. However, developing sustainable agritourism-based tourist villages must also consider economic, ecological, and socio-cultural benefits. So that tourist villages can meet current needs without sacrificing future needs. Sleman Regency has the most significant tourist villages in the Special Region of Yogyakarta Province. This study aims to determine the sustainability status of agritourism-based tourist villages in Sleman Regency. The primary method used in this research is descriptive analysis, and the number of agritourism-based tourist villages studied is 14. In-depth information was obtained from key informants, including policymakers, associations, and heads of agritourism-based tourist village managers. Data were analyzed using Multi-Dimensional Scaling (MDS). The results of this study show that the economic dimension (69.95) is entirely sustainable, the ecological dimension (90.45) is sustainable, the socio-cultural dimension (70.94) is entirely sustainable, and the facilities and infrastructure dimension (73.07) is entirely sustainable.
This research explores how Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) apply digital marketing communication to deal with the TikTok Shoppertainment phenomenon using the 4C marketing communication model (Clarity, Consistency, Credibility, and Competitiveness). This phenomenon shows a change in consumer behavior that switches to entertainment content and online shopping on TikTok, as well as an algorithm game carried out by TikTok. This research aims to understand the marketing communication strategies used by MSMEs, as well as identify challenges and solutions in the implementation of digital marketing, especially on TikTok. The research method used is a qualitative approach through in-depth interviews with three successful MSME owners in the fashion sector who use TikTok as a marketing communication strategy and use documentation as a complement. The results show that TikTok provides a great opportunity for MSMEs to promote products and increase engagement. MSMEs such as Sani Signature, By.Lumicasa, and Arabasic have successfully adapted to competitive digital market dynamics and dynamic consumer preferences. In addition, the three MSME players understand the importance of audience engagement and focus on increasing credibility by understanding relevant, informative, and entertaining content. However, MSMEs are also facing challenges such as competition from artists and influencers, the complexity of TikTok's algorithm, and limited human resources and expertise. To overcome these challenges, MSMEs can increase collaboration between MSMEs, conduct education on effective content strategies, and strengthen internal competencies.
