Given the problems of the relatively isolated and uncorrelated application of various professional systems in the management of detection data for heavy haul railway infrastructure,this paper designed a comprehensive display and management system for multi-source detection data of heavy haul railway.By integrating multi-source detection professional data,train operation plans,and line account data,the paper proposed a detection data correlation and integrated display architecture based on spatio-temporal correlation,which achieved the functions of centralized storage and efficient sharing of detection data,multidisciplinary data correlation comparison,and visual display.The application efficiency of multi-source detection data was greatly improved.The practical application verification shows that the system achieves efficient,accurate,and dynamic real-time correlation of multi-source detection data and improves the efficiency of data analysis and the accuracy of equipment status confirmation.The system has important application value in fully tapping the value of data and ensuring the safety of heavy haul railway lines.
Centralized freight business handling is important in the transformation of railway freight toward modern logistics enterprises.Taking the overall upgrade of China Railway 95306 as an opportunity,China Railway Qinghai Tibet Group Co.,Ltd.implemented centralized freight business handling to integrate the railway freight interior businesses of requirement acceptance,accounting voucher preparation,payment and reconciliation,inside delivery,and claims in the freight service center for unified handling.This paper expounded on the problems in personnel quality,work efficiency,and marketing quality before centralized freight business handling,and post-setting and workflow after centralized freight business handling.Additionally,it analyzed the positive effects exerted by staff reduction and efficiency enhancement,customer experience improvement,work process standardization,and marketing system reconstruction on the organization model of transportation production and service model.Meanwhile,this paper proposed to optimize centralized handling strategies from function optimization,system construction perfection,and function construction of freight information systems for centralized freight business handling.Finally,a fast freight service system featuring digitalization,standardization,and networkization was established to promote the high-quality development of railway freight transportation.
Luchao Port Central Station,as a supporting station of Shanghai Yangshan Port,is a key railway yard station in the Yangtze River Delta region for sea-rail intermodal transport,which plays a vital strategic position in ensuring the smooth flow of the regional supply chain and industrial chain,improving the efficiency of railway transportation and the increment in sea-rail intermodal transport.As national policies such as transport structure adjustment,blue sky defense,and accelerating the development of sea-rail and multimodal transport were introduced,the volume of container arrivals and shipments has increased significantly.However,the existing transportation capacity of Luchao Port Central Station is far from meeting the market demand,and it is urgent to expand the capacity and realize the increment.After analyzing the market development needs and the problems existing in the central station,this paper proposed the ideas and methods of capacity expansion and upgrading,digital transformation,service function innovation,collaborative development,and green development in a targeted way.These countermeasures guarantee the high-quality development of the Yangtze River Delta sea-rail intermodal transport and achieve the incremental goal.
In order to further implement the national work deployment on promoting the development of multimodal transport and optimizing the adjustment of transport structure,the railway has accelerated the transformation and development towards modern logistics,actively explored the integration into the port collecting and distributing transportation system,and provided whole-process logistics services for clients.By sorting out the source of goods in western Inner Mongolia and taking Wuhai area as the starting point,this paper analyzed the transportation situation of coke and the problems of"road-to-rail"in this area.In addition,the paper proposed to use the end-to-end marketing concept to expand the source of goods in the return path,implement measures such as the"one-off price"project and direct trains of cargo,and formulate the whole-process logistics plan from Wuhai area to the port.While enhancing the competitive advantage of railway freight transportation,it integrates high-quality product supply into the industrial chain and supply chain and gives better play to the role of railways as the backbone of the comprehensive transport system.
This paper drew on the existing system structure and logical structure of the CTCS-3 level quasi-moving block system and proposed a new signal automatic control system for heavy haul freight railways,combined with the test application of Beidou satellite navigation system in heavy haul freight railways.The system is designed as a moving block method and added with ATO functions,which can reasonably control train traction and braking based on the actual operating conditions and line conditions of the train,accurately position the train,and remotely control the coupled locomotives.This system can assist the driver in controlling the train and reduce the labor intensity of the driver.When the operating plan changes or fails,the TSRS with ATO function can remind the driver and send real-time operating status information of the train to the ground CTC center.At present,the system has passed the test successfully,which provides a technical reference for the design and product development of heavy haul freight railways in China.
To continuously leverage the advantages of the Eurasian railway network,expand the effectiveness of the"Belt and Road"initiative,increase the freight volume of the China-Laos Railway,and open up new routes for the China Railway Express service,this paper analyzed the favorable operational foundation of the international intermodal transport operation mode of"China-Laos Railway + China Railway Express"in terms of trade,regional connectivity,and train operational organization.Based on the principles of timeliness,safety,convenience,and cost-effectiveness,the bi-directional train operation model between Indo-China Peninsula and Europe was constructed,and suggestions for the selection and grouping of OD routes for the operation plan were proposed.By addressing challenges such as lack of cargo sources,lack of competitive advantage,and external coordination constraints,the paper suggested proactive measures including establishing external coordination mechanisms,tapping into the potential of bi-directional cargo sources,and optimizing the layout of hub nodes to achieve better connection.These measures aim to promote the normalized operation of the international intermodal transport operation mode of"China-Laos Railway + China Railway Express".
In the daily freight transportation operations of railway transportation enterprises,advance knowledge of future short-term loading quantities and trends at freight stations is conducive to the allocation of empty cars and the preparation of daily operational plans.The loading quantities of railway freight stations are not only influenced by customer demand but also closely related to factors such as station planning,locomotive scheduling,and the use of loading and unloading equipment,with a certain degree of complexity and randomness.This paper proposed an EMD-Attention-LSTM model that combines empirical mode decomposition(EMD)and attention mechanism with long short-term memory(LSTM)networks for predicting the combined short-term loading quantities of railway freight stations.Using the historical loading data of a key freight station in a certain region of a railway transportation enterprise for 545 days as the research object,the paper selected the mean absolute percentage error,mean absolute error,and root-mean-square error as evaluation indicators.Experimental results show that the EMD-Attention-LSTM model has the highest prediction accuracy compared to ARIMA,SVM,and Attention-LSTM,providing a new way to accurately predict the short-term loading quantities of railway freight stations.
In order to promote the high-quality development of railway logistics,this paper took the intelligent development and construction of the freight yard of Wuhan Railway Group Company as the goal.Based on the development status and demand analysis of the intelligent freight yard,this paper discussed the intelligent production management and control mode of the railway freight yard of Wuhan Railway Group Company and studied key technologies such as automatic collection and transmission of freight yard information,intelligent cargo handover,intelligent loading and unloading,intelligent safety inspection,and intelligent station management.The research results will help innovate the integrated production management and control mode of railway freight yards,promote the pooling and linkage of status information of various business links of railway freight yards,and achieve the integration of logistics organization,reduced manual on-site operations,visual safety protection,and convenient customer service.It is of reference significance to improve the service quality,operation efficiency,working efficiency,and safety level of railway freight yards.
The vigorously development of railway multimodal intermodal transport is of great significance for the adjustment of transportation and the high-quality development of railways.However,railway multimodal intermodal hub operations have long faced challenges such as inadequate infrastructure,low transportation efficiency and high transportation costs.Considering that the air rail system can effectively address the physical integration challenges of railway multimodal intermodal hub operations,this study explored its prospects in this context.Firstly,it analyzed the existing issues and development directions of railway multimodal intermodal hub operations.Secondly,it introduced the composition and operation process of the air rail system,using the example of of the intelligent air rail system for container operations in the Qingdao Qianwan Port Area to explain its structure and advantages.The study also examined the operational processes of the air rail system at the railway end,port end,and logistics park end.Finally,combined with the application experience of the air rail system in the Qianwan Dock of Qingdao Port and SWOT analysis,it outlined the applicable scenarios,construction requirements and research directions of the air rail system.
Operational line construction of railways is necessary to ensure the stability and good condition of operational line equipment.Reasonable arrangement and optimization of skylights are effective ways to improve construction efficiency and quality,ensure the supply of transportation capacity,and improve transportation efficiency.According to the current status of operational line construction management of railways,an analysis reveals issues such as incongruent construction scheduling of transport channels,unreasonable and non-standardized arrangement of skylights,lack of close integration in key construction areas,and ineffective control over construction delays.By comprehensively considering the maintenance of railway traffic equipment,station renovation and construction,and off-railway construction needs,this paper proposed to establish an intelligent construction skylight management system with functions such as intelligent optimization of skylight management,human intervention,human-machine interaction,dynamic monitoring of construction processes,and alarm.This system aims to provide technical support for coordinating skylight management,determining skylight duration and quantity,and enhancing construction management efficiency for operational lines of railways.
铁路集装箱运输作为安全、高效、简便、经济的铁路货物运输方式,在中老铁路的物流运输组织中具有明显优势.2021年12月3日中老铁路开通以来,铁路集装箱国际联运运量占总运量的98.7％以上,成为中老铁路国际货物联运的主要运输方式.结合中老铁路集装箱运输的货物品类、市场需求、进出口运量、货运场站能力等现状,系统分析影响铁路集装箱市场竞争力的主要因素,从提高运输保障能力、优化货源组织、创新集装箱技术装备、构建更加科学的货运价格体系等方面,提出增强中老铁路集装箱市场竞争力的具体策略.
近年来"公转铁"政策稳步深入,运输结构不断优化调整,铁路运量逐步提升,适合"公转铁"的货源逐步减少.港口作为践行"公转铁"运输的重要主体,如何进一步提升铁路疏港运量值得研究.通过阐述铁路大宗货物运量逐步增加、粮食等散杂货铁路运量小和公路铁路疏港货源竞争激烈等董家口港铁路运输现状,剖析疏港货物"公转铁"运输存在的车站能力欠缺、通道能力限制、运输价格无优势、作业效率低等制约因素,提出扩大车站能力、加快通道能力建设、优化价格策略和提升作业效率等发展对策,为提升董家口疏港货物"公转铁"运输增量提供参考.
通辽站地处内蒙古东部地区通辽市科尔沁区境内,位于黑龙江、吉林、辽宁3省交汇处,是内蒙古东部地区乃至东北地区重要的交通枢纽.随着车流量增加,通辽站能力紧张的局面更加突显.通过对通辽站运输组织现状的分析,提出对南北场的技术改造方案,并对改造前后进行了对比分析.分析表明改造后可有效释放咽喉能力、提高作业效率,对控制"抢作业"而危及接发车、调车安全从设备控制方面创造了条件,为旅客列车统筹开行提供充足能力支撑,给广大旅客提供更加安全、便捷、快速的出行条件.
重庆铁路货运枢纽作为成渝地区铁路货运组织的重要区域,是成渝地区铁路货运增量的重要抓手.面对持续增长的铁路货运需求,重庆货运枢纽适配了珞璜东站、南彭站等8座新建车站,形成了重庆货运枢纽东环线,以提升铁路货运服务能力并提供差异化的服务产品.为了进一步发挥东环线的作用,研究了东环线开行公交化货物列车的必要性,分析了东环线沿途节点的货运需求,结合沿途各货运办理站的实际,设计了按照初期、中期、远期3个阶段的运营组织模式,提出了初期发挥南彭站、古路站作用,开行小运转列车将货源进行集结,解决东环线车流组织的方案,并从机车交路、调车组织、货运组织及相关人员组织等方面提出了组织方案,论证了重庆铁路枢纽东环线开行市域公交化货物列车的可行性.
根据涡河航道整治工程相关要求及涡阳县城总体规划,结合既有青阜铁路主要技术标准、沿线自然特征、线路走向、既有涡阳站车站布置形式,依据现行设计规范,提出车站改移方案,从投资、工程难易程度、用地、运输组织、配套设施以及城市规划等几个维度进行分析,最终暂推荐涡阳(新)站采用移位2.4km、货运中心不搬迁方案.该项目的建设不仅能满足涡河航道整治要求,同时改善车站候车条件,方便旅客交通出行,为促进当地经济发展提供重要支撑,同时也为其他类似的小城镇铁路车站改建工程提供设计思路和参照.
近年来,随着国家运输结构调整政策的实施,集装箱运输量逐年大幅上升.为适应运输市场需求变化和现代物流发展的需要,在对铁路集装箱运输管理现状进行分析的基础上,针对全路集装箱作业流程管理中存在的共性问题,以安全卡控为基础,结合全路现执行的规章、标准、制度和各集装箱作业站的设施设备特点,对既有的作业流程、管理模式进行分析与研究,设计了集装箱作业流程智能化控制系统,采用物联技术、智能识别技术和数字技术,并探索现代化管理手段,通过对作业过程自动卡控,以实现集装箱作业全流程管理,通过深度学习、智能分析等手段,切实提高集装箱运输安全管理水平和作业质量、效率.
我国铁路货运持续增长,但货场车号员需要人工核对车号,使其作业中存在效率低、劳动强度大等问题.智能识别铁路货车号码是提升整体运行效率的重要措施,目前货运站场的号码高精度识别受到多种干扰因素的影响,故提出一种基于深度学习的多类别号码精准识别方法,以解决铁路平车、棚车、罐车号码识别问题.首先,采用颜色特征的图像预处理方法,强化号码区域对比度,减弱磨损影响;其次,以Faster R-CNN为基本框架,通过减少网络参数量、多尺度训练和空间姿态纠正网络,提升训练效率和检测准确率;最后,使用CRNN网络进行车号识别.实验结果表明,该方法能有效提高铁路货车车号检测和识别的速度及准确度.
中欧班列现已形成3条跨境运输大通道,跨越欧亚两个大陆,跨境运输由于途经多个国家及地区,存在多种风险隐患.为评估通道风险等级,将中欧班列运输通道风险归纳为地缘政治、环境、经济贸易、通过能力、通关、服务质量六大类,构建中欧班列运输通道风险评估指标体系,通过层次分析法(AHP)得出各指标权重,基于模糊综合评价法选取中欧班列既有通道和新通道进行安全风险实证评估,参照安全风险评价等级,得出了各通道风险等级,并提出风险防范对策.研究表明:既有通道面临的主要风险是地缘政治风险,新通道则是通过能力风险.
推动铁路货车装载状态图像质量的提升,除了运用各种方法提升系统运行性能外,对系统生成的图像质量进行有效评价也是非常必要的手段.图像质量评价指标是评价方法的核心,需要针对铁路货车装载状态图像特点,综合考虑评价方法的客观性和实用性,确保在实际应用中取得良好的效果.清晰度、畸变度和亮度3项指标直接影响图像的视觉效果和可视性,从这3项指标建立有效的铁路货车装载状态图像质量评价方法,能够帮助提高人眼、机器对图像的视觉体验和分析能力,确保车站货检值班员能够有效利用图像采集设备检查通过列车的货物装载状态,加强预检工作.
为加强铁路货物混装运输安全管理,切实提升货物混装装车效率和装车质量,针对铁路货物混装装车的特点和难点,分析货物混装装车作业的现状、存在的问题,从强化货物混装进货管理、加强货物混装配载信息化研究、加强货物混装装车安全管理等方面,提高货物混装装车安全.实践证明从管理和信息化两方面入手,不但可以减轻货物混装现场作业人员的工作量,提高装车效率,而且可以实现从源头上控制货物混装运输的超偏载问题,使货物混装配载装车作业实现智能化、规范化、标准化,为货物混装运输安全提供有力保障.
