ObjectiveThe transformation and upgrading of the light industry have imposed new demands on talent cultivation in higher education. Young teachers as the main force in fostering virtue and cultivating people, it is crucial to stimulate the intrinsic motivation of young faculty to engage in teaching and educating students. MethodsThis study delves into the root causes of existing issues from the perspectives of the mission of fostering virtue through education, the principles of effective teaching and mentorship, and the support systems for professional growth and development. It systematically investigates pathways to stimulate the intrinsic motivation of young faculty in light industry-related universities to dedicate themselves to teaching and educating students. ResultsTargeted and innovative approaches are implemented to provide high-level guidance. These include establishing a systematic teaching training system to enhance pedagogical and practical capabilities and support professional development, creating a management mechanism oriented toward dedicated teaching and mentorship, and fostering a supportive environment by strengthening organizational care and emotional support, as well as improving working and living conditions. ConclusionStimulating the intrinsic motivation of young faculty in light industry-related universities to devote themselves to teaching requires an integrated approach that combines strengthening value guidance and professional identity, supporting professional development and teaching competence, optimizing evaluation incentives and institutional environments, and cultivating a culture of respect for teachers and humanistic care.
[Objective]This review consolidates research on how physicochemical factors in Luzhou Laojiao pit mud influence strong-flavor Baijiu flavor formation and summarizes maintenance techniques to mitigate pit mud degradation.The objective is to elucidate how key parameters—moisture,pH,organic matter,inorganic salts,available phosphorus,and ammonium nitrogen—regulate microbial community structure and metabolism,thereby affecting the synthesis of major aroma compounds(esters,acids,alcohols).By examining interrelationships among pit mud properties,microbial ecology,and flavor profiles,this work aims to provide a scientific basis for developing effective preservation strategies to ensure consistent,high-quality Baijiu production.[Analysis]Each physicochemical factor plays a distinct role in shaping the pit mud ecosystem.Optimal moisture(46%-55%)maintains pit mud structure and supports anaerobic functional microbes like Clostridium that produce caproic acid—the key precursor of ethyl caproate,the signature aroma compound of strong-flavor Baijiu.Below this range,pit mud becomes compacted,limiting nutrient diffusion and microbial activity;excessive moisture compromises pit wall integrity and disrupts the anaerobic microenvironment.Weakly acidic pH(6.0-6.8)favors caproate-producing bacteria while inhibiting excessive lactic acid formation,promoting a balanced ester profile.Metabolic flux shifts toward desirable medium-chain fatty acids and their ethyl esters,suppressing lactic acid accumulation that can cause pit mud hardening via calcium lactate precipitation.Mature pit mud maintains stable pH,especially in bottom layers where functional bacteria concentrate.High organic matter content,particularly unsaturated aliphatic compounds,provides sustained carbon sources and supports aroma-producing microorganisms.As pit mud ages,organic matter undergoes humification,with unsaturated aliphatic compounds increasing from～56%in young pits to＞68%in centuries-old pits,creating a stable nutrient reservoir.Inorganic ions(Ca2+,K+,Mg2+)influence microbial vitality;elevated Ca2+often indicates pit mud hardening due to lactate crystallization.Young and degraded pit mud typically show elevated soluble calcium,compromising porosity.Available phosphorus and ammonium nitrogen are essential nutrients positively correlated with microbial biomass and functional bacteria abundance,enhancing the synthesis of key flavor acids and esters.High-quality pit mud contains significantly higher levels of both nutrients,which increase with pit age.Pit mud degradation is characterized by whitish crystallization,reduced organic matter and nutrients,and decreased aroma compound output.Degradation often begins with localized acidification,promoting lactic acid bacteria overgrowth and calcium lactate precipitation,creating feedback loops that exclude functional bacteria.Current maintenance approaches include microbial conservation solutions and sodium acetate application.Microbial conservation solutions prepared from enriched pit mud consortia can restore caproate-producing bacteria by over 35%while improving nutrient levels and pH.Sodium acetate injection provides pH buffering and a preferred carbon source for caproate-producing bacteria,shifting the microbial community away from lactate producers and improving the ethyl caproate to ethyl lactate ratio.[Conclusion and Prospect]Pit mud physicochemical properties fundamentally direct microbial community composition and metabolic pathways that define strong-flavor Baijiu flavor characteristics.Maintaining appropriate ranges of moisture,pH,organic matter,and inorganic nutrients is critical for pit mud health and high-quality liquor production.The six key factors function as an integrated network with complex interactions modulating the fermentation ecosystem.Existing maintenance techniques show promise in restoring degraded pit mud and enhancing key aroma compounds,but most studies remain descriptive with limited mechanistic insights.Current research primarily establishes correlations rather than causal relationships,leaving gaps in understanding the precise biochemical pathways linking physicochemical conditions to flavor outcomes.Future research should focus on elucidating quantitative and causal relationships among physicochemical parameters,microbial functions,and flavor formation.This requires integrated approaches combining metagenomics,metabolomics,and proteomics to map metabolic networks and identify regulatory nodes responsive to specific conditions.Development of intelligent,precision-based maintenance technologies—integrating multi-omics,real-time monitoring,and controlled-release materials—will be essential for achieving long-term flavor stability.Smart sensors tracking key physicochemical factors could enable predictive interventions before degradation begins.Advancing such strategies will not only prevent pit mud degradation but also contribute to sustainable innovation in traditional Baijiu brewing,preserving its distinctive flavor heritage for future generations.
ObjectiveLeather is a hierarchical fiber network material assembled from collagen molecules. Tanning, as a typical heterogeneous reaction process, involves two kinetic processes: mass transfer and crosslinking of tanning agent molecules within the fiber network. However, the mechanism of tanning, regarding mass transfer and crosslinking of tanning agent in the multi-scale structure of leather, is still not well understood. Herein, the effect of tanning degree on the hierarchical structure of leather tanned by dialdehyde carboxymethyl cellulose (DCMC) was investigated. The chrome-free tanning mechanism was expected to be elucidated from the perspective of multi-scale structure evolution of leather. MethodsThe tanning degree was adjusted by changing the DCMC dosage from 1% to 9%. The evolution of the hierarchical structure of the tanned leather, ranging from collagen fiber network to intermolecular level, was systematically characterized by multiple techniques. The mass transfer and crosslinking behavior of DCMC in fiber network and fiber levels was characterized by using fluorescence microscopic analysis. The multi-scale morphology and pore structure characteristics of tanned leather were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and mercury intrusion porosimetry. The effect of tanning degree on the intra-fibril structure was investigated by synchrotron radiation small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). In situ SAXS was employed to track the real-time evolution of fibril structure throughout the tanning process. Moreover, amino group reaction rate, shrinkage temperature (Ts), and thermal denaturation temperature (Td) of the tanned leathers were determined. Results1% DCMC could transfer to the intermolecular level of collagen. In situ SAXS revealed that the D-period remained unchanged during the penetration stage of tanning. Then intra-fibril cross-linking was conducted during the basification stage of tanning, which reduced the D-period of collagen fibrils from 64.9 nm to 63.9 nm and increased the fibril diameter from 104.31 nm to 138.41 nm. The tanning effects were further enhanced by dehydration of fibril and Schiff base formation with DCMC during the heating stage of tanning, as evidenced by the significant increase in SAXS peak intensity ratios R5/3 and R6/5. When the DCMC dosage increased from 1% to 6%, the degree of cross-linking tended to saturate without structural change at the fibril level, and fluorescence analysis indicated that cross-linking process shifted to fiber and fiber bundle levels. The porosity of leather increased from 62% to 72%, especially with an increase in the proportion of pores with a diameter >10 000 nm. Ts of leather increased from 65.2 ℃ to 76.6 ℃, and Td of leather increased from 90.0 ℃ to 101.6 ℃. When the DCMC dosage reached 9%, the degree of cross-linking at the fiber-to-fiber bundle level also approached saturation. Single-site binding of excess DCMC occurred mainly at the fiber network level. No significant change was observed in the multi-scale structure and thermal stability of leather.ConclusionAs tanning degree increased, DCMC exhibited a hierarchical crosslinking and tanning behavior on leather, proceeding sequentially from the microscopic level to the macroscopic level. The elucidation of the "stepwise crosslinking" tanning mechanism of DCMC is expected to guide the molecular design and tanning application of biomass-based chrome-free tanning agents, and also provide a reference for improving the understanding of chrome-free tanning theory.
[Objective]Thiourea is a commonly used treatment agent for footwear materials,but it is classified as a 2B carcinogen.The thiourea in footwear materials is prone to migration during use,and long-term exposure to it can pose a threat to human health.Currently,the existing domestic standards do not set specific control limits for thiourea substances in footwear foaming materials.The footwear industry will face the dual risks of"foreign recalls+domestic standard absence".This research aims to establish an ultrasonic extraction combined with high-performance liquid chromatography method to achieve accurate qualitative and quantitative determination of thiourea in footwear foaming materials.[Methods]In this paper,a single-factor experiment was conducted to determine the optimal analytical conditions for the determination of thiourea in footwear foaming materials by ultrasonic extraction combined with high-performance liquid chromatography.Firstly,the optimal detection wavelength was determined through the full-wavelength scanning of ultraviolet spectroscopy.Secondly,the chromatographic conditions were optimized by setting different variables to identify the best mobile phase composition and ratio.Then,the optimal pre-treatment conditions for the extractant and ultrasonic temperature were further determined.Finally,the method performance evaluation experiments were conducted under the above optimal conditions to verify the method's precision and accuracy,and to apply it to actual sample detection to prove the method's applicability.[Results]The 238 nm wavelength with a higher absorption peak of thiourea was determined as the detection wavelength.Based on the designed single-factor experiments,the optimal conditions were obtained.Under the condition of using methanol-water as the mobile phase,the peak shape of thiourea was better and the impurity peaks were fewer.In addition,the peak area increased first and then decreased with the increase of the water proportion in the mobile phase,and it reached the maximum value under the condition of 50%methanol-50%water.During the process of optimizing the pre-treatment conditions,it was found that methanol had the strongest extraction ability for thiourea in footwear foaming materials.The analysis results of thiourea under different ultrasonic temperatures showed that the peak area of thiourea was the largest at 60℃.Finally,the method validation results were as follows:the detection limit was 0.3 mg/kg;the quantitative limit was 1.0 mg/kg,and the recovery rate and relative standard deviation were 105.0%-108.8%and 1.2%～2.0%,respectively.[Conclusions]This paper established a method for quantitative analysis of thiourea in footwear foaming materials by using ultrasonic extraction combined with high-performance liquid chromatography through a single-factor experiment.Methanol was used as the extraction agent,and the ultrasonication was carried out under the conditions of 40 Hz,400 W,and 60℃for 60 min.The optimal conditions for high-performance liquid chromatography detection were as follows:the mobile phase was methanol-water with a ratio of 50:50;the column temperature was 40℃,and the injection volume was 1.0 μL.The methodological evaluation results show that this method has good repeatability and accuracy.The experimental results of actual samples verify that this method is applicable for the routine detection and quality control of thiourea in footwear foaming materials.
ObjectiveTo address the dual challenges of environmental pollution stemming from the leather industry and the sustainable biomass transformation, this study integrated the upcycling of industrial solid waste with advanced biorefinery processes. An efficient and low-cost lignin hydrogenolysis catalyst was developed, thereby synergistically promoting the reduction and valorization of tannery waste alongside directed biomass conversion strategies. This work ultimately provides a sustainable paradigm for the circular economy and green chemistry. MethodsUsing chrome-containing tannery waste as the primary raw material, the abundant nitrogen/oxygen-containing functional groups derived from natural collagen were employed as coordination supports for metal ions. A nitrogen-doped carbon-supported ruthenium-chromium oxide catalyst (Ru-CrOx/NC) was synthesized via Ru3+ coordination combined with an oxygen-limited pyrolysis strategy, inducing the in-situ confined transformation of metal components during the carbonization process. The microscopic morphology, crystalline phase structure, and chemical valence states of the catalyst were systematically characterized using various advanced analytical techniques. Furthermore, its catalytic performance was rigorously evaluated in the depolymerization of both a representative lignin α-O-4 model compound and real lignocellulosic biomass. ResultsStructural characterization indicated that the inherently high nitrogen content of the collagen-derived carbon matrix played a pivotal role in the anchoring and ultra-high dispersion of CrOx and Ru species, thus forming a composite structure with robust metal-support interactions. Ru primarily existed in a near-metallic state, while Cr was transformed into highly dispersed CrOx species; their close contact within the carbon matrix constituted abundant active interfaces. These two components maintained intimate contact within the nitrogen-doped carbon lattice, synergistically constituting abundant and highly active interfacial sites. In the hydrogenolysis of the lignin α-O-4 model compound (2-benzyloxyphenol), the Ru-CrOx/NC catalyst exhibited extraordinary catalytic performance. Under reaction conditions of 230 ℃ and 1.0 MPa H2 for a duration of 4 h, it achieved a remarkable substrate conversion rate of 98.9% and an aromatic monomer yield of 96.1%. Notably, the selectivity toward the primary products, toluene and catechol, was close to the theoretical maximum values. This performance underscores the catalyst's ability to efficiently cleave C-O bonds while precisely inhibiting the over-hydrogenation of aromatic rings, thereby preserving the high-value aromatic structure of the monomers. After five consecutive cycle tests, the catalyst still retained a substrate conversion of over 90%, highlighting its exceptional structural stability and potential for repeated industrial use. Furthermore, the practical application of the catalyst was further extended to the hydrogenolysis of real hardwood lignin (from Populus euramericana sawdust). Under comparable reaction conditions, the lignin monomer yield reached 26.4%, with phenolic monomers dominating the product distribution. This result demonstrates the superior selectivity for phenolic products and a robust adaptability to the complex, cross-linked architecture of natural lignin. ConclusionThis work successfully demonstrates the promising prospect of converting chrome-containing tannery waste into high-performance supports for lignin hydrogenolysis catalysts. The synthesized Ru-CrOx/NC catalyst not only achieves the high-value utilization of hazardous tannery waste but also significantly expands the application scenarios for chrome-containing solid waste. Furthermore, it provides an efficient, stable, and low-cost catalytic system for the directional and high-value conversion of natural lignin under the "lignin-first" strategy. The findings offer valuable theoretical insights and technical guidance for the directed transformation of biomass, with profound environmental benefits, social impacts, and substantial potential for industrial-scale applications.
ObjectiveThis study aims to address core challenges in cultivating international talents in light chemical engineering, such as the conflict between cultural identity and global perspective, the difficulty in aligning value guidance with internationalization goals, the disconnection between ideological-political elements and professional knowledge, and the mismatch between traditional teaching methods and innovation demands. It seeks to construct an effective instructional design framework for ideological and political education within the curriculum to enhance the quality of talent development in light chemical engineering.AnalysisUsing the Introduction to light chemical engineering as a practical case, a four-dimensional teaching framework centered on "Fostering a Strong Sense of Community for the Chinese Nation" is developed, integrating teaching threads, teaching philosophy, teaching content, and teaching methods. The systematic practical exploration is conducted by designing teaching content that dialectically unifies national sentiment with a global perspective, and by adopting pedagogical methods that organically integrate values cultivation with the imparting of professional knowledge.ConclusionThe teaching practice demonstrates that the proposed four-dimensional framework significantly enhances the educational effectiveness of the curriculum and the quality of talent training. It provides crucial support for achieving high-quality, internationalized undergraduate education in light chemical engineering.
SignificancePassive radiative cooling (PRC) is a technology that achieves energy-free temperature reduction by radiating waste heat to the low-temperature universe through the 8-13 μm atmospheric transparent window. It has been widely applied in fields such as energy-saving buildings, photovoltaic cooling, and food preservation. In recent years, global warming has driven an urgent demand for the development of cooling garments. Currently, the mainstream design strategies for cooling garments include air cooling, liquid cooling, and phase change, but all suffer from defects such as complex systems and poor wearability. Based on Mie scattering theory, the use of fibers or particles with sizes comparable to light wavelengths can block solar thermal input, and the construction of radiative heat transfer channels by regulating mid-infrared emissivity in the 8-13 μm band enables spontaneous human body cooling. This strategy balances cooling efficiency and energy consumption but requires a trade-off among fabric spectral properties, mechanical performance, and wear comfort. By reviewing the cooling mechanism of PRC materials and their research and application status in fabrics, this paper provided theoretical and practical references for the development of PRC cooling garments. Analysis/ProgressBased on the analysis of the cooling mechanism of PRC fabrics, their cooling effect depends on the surface radiative properties of materials, with the core influencing indicators being mid-infrared emissivity (ε) and solar reflectivity (ρλ). Both can be improved through material structure regulation and component optimization. Mid-infrared emissivity can be enhanced by constructing surface microstructures and selecting materials with functional groups matching the atmospheric window. Solar reflectivity can be optimized by constructing porous or layered structures and incorporating high-refractive-index fillers. Currently, the core research paths of PRC fabrics are divided into two categories. The first approach is the porous structure construction, where porous fabrics (e.g., nanoPE and CA fabrics) are prepared through processes like bionic natural fibers, electrospinning, and solvent evaporation. This method can achieve significant cooling effects, but it faces problems such as high preparation difficulty, electrospinning's high energy consumption and low productivity. The second approach involves the modification of material coatings, including ordinary nanoparticle coatings, CA-based composite coatings, Janus structure coatings, and dynamic infrared regulation coatings, which can realize cooling, bidirectional thermal regulation, and local thermal management functions (e.g., PET-CA-MgO fabrics and carbon nanotube thin-layer dynamic fabrics). However, these coatings have defects such as uneven dispersion of nano-fillers and complex dynamic regulation processes. Phased progress has been made in various technologies, laying a foundation for the practical application of PRC fabrics. Conclusion/ProspectWith the advantages of energy-free operation and efficient cooling, PRC fabrics have become ideal materials for cooling garments. On the basis of research on cooling performance, preliminary technological breakthroughs in bidirectional thermal regulation and wearable local thermal management have been achieved. The two core paths of porous structure construction and material coating modification provide effective support for performance improvement. However, restricted by processing technologies, PRC fabrics still face bottlenecks such as electrospinning's high energy consumption and low productivity, poor uniformity of nano-filler dispersion, and complex dynamic radiative regulation processes, and have not yet achieved industrial application. In the future, efforts should be focused on optimizing large-scale and low-cost preparation processes, while breaking through technical difficulties in filler dispersion and dynamic regulation. Future research should further promote the application of bidirectional function integration and dynamic precise regulation technologies in PRC fabrics, in order to achieve a balance among cooling performance, mechanical properties, and wear comfort. Such progress will accelerate the industrialization of PRC fabrics in cooling garments and wearable local thermal management fields, providing better solutions for energy-saving cooling and human thermal comfort guarantee.
ObjectiveThis study aims to address the critical bottleneck of insufficient air and moisture permeability in conventional microfiber synthetic leather caused by dense polyurethane coatings. It focuses on the development of a high-performance composite microfiber synthetic leather with balanced air permeability, moisture permeability, and mechanical properties by regulating key process parameters, and the verification of the effectiveness of multi-scale porous structure design in enhancing material functionality. MethodsUsing a PE/PA6 irregular islands-in-the-sea fiber needle-punched nonwoven as the substrate, the "sea" phase PE was selectively dissolved by toluene to achieve fiber splitting, thereby constructing a three-dimensional network leather substrate mimicking natural leather collagen fibers. Electrospun thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) nanofiber membranes with mass fractions of 10%, 15%, and 20%, respectively, were prepared using N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) as the solvent. Foamed waterborne polyurethane (WPU) adhesives with foaming ratios of 150%, 200%, and 300%, respectively, were formulated by adding foaming agents, foam stabilizers, thickeners, and leveling agents. The composite microfiber synthetic leather was fabricated by compounding the leather substrate, TPU nanofiber membrane, and foamed WPU adhesive through blade coating (with coating thicknesses of 150 μm, 200 μm, and 300 μm, respectively), followed by drying and curing. The material’s morphology, thickness, softness, air permeability, moisture vapor transmission rate (MVTR), and mechanical properties were systematically tested using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), a thickness gauge, a leather softness tester, an air permeability tester, moisture permeability test equipment, and a universal testing machine, respectively. ResultsThe mass fraction of TPU solution significantly influenced fiber structure and performance. Specifically, as the mass fraction increased from 10% to 20%, the average fiber diameter increased from 100 nm to 1450 nm, and the MVTR of the synthetic leather increased by 30.9% (from 932.86 to 1221.36 g/(m2·24 h)), while the air permeability was slightly improved from 15.11 to 15.38 L/(m2·s), and the longitudinal and transverse breaking strengths increased from 868.41 to 886.32 N and 1061.23 to 1065.32 N, respectively, realizing the synergistic enhancement of moisture permeability and mechanical properties. Coating thickness had a prominent impact on moisture transmission. At a foaming ratio of 200%, the 150 μm thin coating yielded a MVTR of 2120.14 g/(m2·24 h) and a softness of 7.54 mN·m; when the thickness increased to 300 μm, the MVTR decreased to 1399.29 g/(m2·24 h) due to the extended diffusion paths, despite slight improvements in breaking strength. When the foaming ratio was elevated from 150% to 300%, both porosity and pore connectivity were enhanced, leading to a 45% increase in MVTR (from 1356.89 to 1992.93 g/(m2·24 h)) and a 5% increase in air permeability (from 16.58 to 17.42 L/(m2·s)), with softness improving from 7.40 to 7.62 mN·m and mechanical properties remaining stable. ConclusionsThe optimal process parameters for high-performance microfiber synthetic leather were determined as follows: TPU solution mass fraction of 15%, coating thickness of 150 μm, and foaming ratio of 300%. Under these conditions, the material achieved an optimal balance among air permeability (>17 L/(m2·s)), MVTR (significantly higher than conventional polyurethane laminated leather, which is typically below 800 g/(m2·24 h)), structural biomimicry, and mechanical integrity (longitudinal/transverse breaking strengths exceeding 870 N and 1070 N, respectively). This study demonstrates that regulating TPU nanofiber structure and foamed layer parameters could effectively construct interconnected multi-scale pores, reconciling the "strength-moisture permeability" contradiction. The developed synthetic leather exhibits broad application prospects in footwear, high-end apparel, and automotive interiors, while providing key technical references for the design and optimization of high-comfort bionic synthetic leather.
ObjectiveLeather mid-calf boots have become a key sub-category in the online women's boot market, ranking at the forefront of both sales share and repurchase rates. However, this market prominence coincides with significant experiential pain points within the online shopping environment, such as the inability to physically feel materials, try on for fit, or directly assess craftsmanship. Thus, to address the unclear decision-making mechanisms governing female consumers' purchase of leather mid-calf boots in e-commerce, it is essential to precisely identify and systematically classify the core demand factors influencing purchase intention, thereby providing a quantitative basis for optimizing product design, marketing strategies, and service offerings.MethodAn integrated "Kawakita Jiro Method (KJ)-Kano Model (KANO)" analytical framework was constructed. First, primary demand data from female consumers regarding leather mid-calf boots were systematically collected through literature review, analysis of top-selling product pages and user reviews on major e-commerce platforms, and open-ended questionnaire surveys targeting consumers who had purchased such boots online at least three times in the past year. A total of 418 valid raw statements were extracted. The KJ method was then applied by a three-expert panel to cluster these raw demands based on affinity, resulting in three first-level demand factors (visual orientation, emotional orientation, functional orientation) and twenty second-level demand factors (e.g., toe shape, color decoration, material texture, brand collaboration, reputation, price discount, style characteristics, etc.). Subsequently, a Kano questionnaire with paired positive and negative questions for each of the 20 factors was administered using a five-point Likert scale. A total of 535 questionnaires were distributed online via the Wenjuanxing(WJX) platform, and 531 valid responses were collected (effective rate 99.25%). The sample was predominantly aged 31-40 (41.05%) and over 40 (35.78%), with a bachelor’s degree or above (91.15%), closely matching the target consumer profile of urban mature women with strong purchasing power. Cross-analysis according to the standard Kano evaluation table was performed to classify each demand factor into Must-be Quality (M), One-dimensional Quality (O), Attractive Quality (A), or Indifferent Quality (I). Better-Worse coefficients and sensitivity R values were further calculated to quantify the impact of each factor on user satisfaction.ResultsThe research revealed a clear consumer decision-making logic: "Must-be qualities build the trust foundation, one-dimensional qualities drive core satisfaction, and attractive qualities create differentiated advantages." Specifically, brand collaboration, merchant credibility and word-of-mouth, graphic description quality, craftsmanship quality, and toe shape were identified as Must-be needs, forming the essential threshold for purchase. Style characteristics, material and texture, color decoration, and pattern decoration were classified as One-dimensional needs, whose fulfillment shows a positive linear correlation with satisfaction. Price discounts, price protection services, personalized recommendations, heel height, matching scenarios, wearing methods, offline shopping experience, and others were classified as Attractive needs, capable of significantly enhancing satisfaction and creating delight. Four factors (sole shape, search/interaction, logistics/delivery, specific styles) were identified as Indifferent needs. Better-Worse coefficients for Must-be needs showed worse values ranging from 0.230 to 0.671, while One-dimensional needs had worse values from 0.590 to 0.659, and Attractive needs had better values from 0.545 to 0.709, confirming their distinct roles.ConclusionBased on the hierarchy of needs and sensitivity R values, a "5∶3∶2" strategic model for resource allocation is proposed: allocate 50% of resources to guarantee Must-be needs (ensuring basic trust and functionality), 30% to optimize One-dimensional needs (systematically improving core satisfaction drivers), and 20% to develop Attractive needs (creating surprise and differentiation). The integrated "KJ-KANO" framework provides scientifically grounded and effective decision-making support for product development, precision marketing, and service optimization in women's footwear e-commerce. The findings also offer transferable strategic insights for product innovation and marketing initiatives across other consumer goods sectors and platforms, such as apparel, bags, and accessories.
ObjectiveAs one of the representative patterns on Shang Dynasty bronzes, the animal face pattern has attracted widespread attention in academia for its fierce and mysterious artistic characteristics. However, the current methods of innovatively transforming traditional patterns still rely on conventional design approaches, lacking exploration of new technologies. With the rapid development of Artificial Intelligence Generated Content (AIGC), which provides a new technical pathway for the redesign of traditional patterns, the human-artificial intelligence collaborative design model has gradually become an important development direction in the field of design. Based on this, this paper takes the Shang Dynasty animal face pattern as the research object, aiming to explore the application pathways of AIGC in traditional pattern design, promote its innovation and transformation in modern women's bag design, and construct a feasible pathway for the digital innovation of traditional patterns under a human-artificial intelligence collaborative design paradigm.MethodsTaking Shang Dynasty animal face patterns as the research object, a design process of 'design factor extraction, quantitative evaluation, AIGC-based design generation, and designer optimization' was constructed. First, image data of Shang Dynasty animal face patterns were systematically collected and classified according to historical periods, and their stylistic characteristics were analyzed to form samples. Second, the Analytic Hierarchy Process was used to construct an evaluation model for the design factors of Shang Dynasty animal face patterns, and experts were invited to evaluate them; the weights of each factor were calculated, and typical design factors were selected. Based on the factor weights, the construction of AIGC prompts was guided, and AIGC tools were used to automatically generate the factors. Finally, designers screened, adjusted, and refined the AIGC-generated results to ensure that the final design met the application requirements in terms of cultural accuracy, aesthetics, and practicality, resulting in the final design scheme.ResultsBased on the Analytic Hierarchy Process, the design factors of Shang Dynasty animal face patterns were quantitatively evaluated. Among them, the ornament factor (B1) had the highest weight, while in the scheme layer, the Late Shang factor (C3) and the semantic factor (C8) had higher weights, clarifying the primary and secondary relationships of the design elements and the priority order for transformation. Secondly, the design factor weights were used to guide the construction of AIGC prompts, enabling the collaborative transformation of semantic factors, ornament factors, and color factors, resulting in six modern women's bag design schemes. Finally, experts and users were invited to evaluate the design schemes to select the final design scheme.ConclusionsThe collaborative application of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and AIGC technology can effectively achieve the screening and visual transformation of Shang Dynasty animal face patterns design factors, and form a systematic pathway from factor extraction to modern women's bag product design. By constructing AIGC prompts based on design factor weights, the collaborative transformation of semantic, ornament, and color factors is facilitated, which not only improves design efficiency but also enhances the diversity and visual expression of design schemes. The human-artificial intelligence collaborative design paradigm established preserves the cultural characteristics of Shang Dynasty animal face patterns while realizing their innovative application in modern women's bag design.
[Objective]Chrome tanning is currently the widely utilized tanning technique for leather manufacture,while the environmental concerns to chrome discharge during the chrome tanning process leads to the development of chrome-free tanning technique becoming a necessity for realizing environmentally benign and clean manufacture of leather.Conventionally,non-chrome metal tanning agents and organic tanning agents were employed to replace chrome tanning agent for the cross-linkage of rawhide to achieve chrome-free tanning.Unfortunately,these conventional chrome-free tanning agents fail to provide the chrome-free leather with high thermal stability comparable to that of chrome-tanned leather.To address these issues,it is essentially important to develop a brand-new chrome-free tanning strategy that is capable of converting rawhide to leather without the necessity to form cross-linkage with rawhide.Based on the amphiphilic non-covalent interactions between surfactants and collagen fibers(CFs),the present investigation explored the feasibility to prepare tanning agent-free leather by a novel surfactant-aided drying strategy.[Methods]Tween 80,a typical non-ionic surfactant,was employed as the steric hindrance medium to accomplish its efficient infiltration and distribution among CFs.The Tween 80-water mixture with the content of Tween 80 at 40%was used to infiltrate rawhide.After that,toggling drying was employed to dehydrate the Tween 80-infiltrated rawhide.Based on the reversibility of non-covalent interactions between Tween 80 and CFs,Tween 80 was further removed through solvent elution using ethyl acetate.In this way,the novel tanning agent-free leather was prepared,which featured high fiber dispersity,high thermal stability and excellent mechanical properties.Furthermore,a novel superhydrophobic tanning agent-free leather was prepared through a hydrophobic treatment for improving the practical utilization performances.[Results]Our experimental results demonstrated that by the regulation of liquid crystal behaviors,Tween 80 successfully served as the effective steric hindrance medium for the preparation of the tanning agent-free leather.Polarizing microscope observations showed that liquid crystal structures were formed when the content of Tween 80 were 50%,60%and 70%in the Tween 80-water mixture.In contrast,the liquid crystal formation of Tween 80 was suppressed when the content of Tween 80 was controlled at 40%in the Tween 80-water mixture,thus allowing Tween 80 to achieve efficient infiltration and high dispersity in the hierarchical fiber network of CFs.In subsequent drying process,Tween 80 efficiently solved the sticking problem of CFs by providing effective steric hindrance,thus enabling the preparation of the tanning agent-free leather.The as-prepared tanning agent-free leather exhibited the high porosity of 48.95%,the low dry heat shrinkage rate of merely 11.00%,the tensile strength up to 32.17 MPa and the tear strength as high as 146.8 N·mm-1.For the prepared superhydrophobic tanning agent-free leather,the static water contact angles of the grain side and flesh side reached 151.2° and 154.3°,respectively,accompanied by outstanding water repellency and self-cleaning capability.[Conclusion]The utilization of Tween 80 as steric hindrance medium to suppress the sticking of CFs during the drying of rawhide was a novel strategy for realizing tanning agent-free leather making.The prepared tanning agent-free leather featured with high porosity,thermal stability and outstanding mechanical properties.Moreover,a hydrophobic treatment was capable of providing the tanning agent-free leather with superhydrophobicity on both grain side and flesh side to provide outstanding water repellency and self-cleaning capability.In summary,our investigation demonstrated a new conceptual tanning agent-free leather making strategy that does not rely on the use of tanning agent to cross-link CFs for accomplishing leather making,which radically resolved the environmental problem associated with chrome discharge by the conventional chrome tanning,thus providing a promising alternative for realizing the clean manufacture of environmentally benign and eco-friendly leather.
ObjectiveIn the context of the contemporary transformation of traditional visual symbols, this research explores the feasibility of introducing the fractal generative logic of Guibei (tortoise-shell) patterns into the design process of leather bag products, aiming to construct a systematic translation framework integrating generative rules, design decision-making, and product application. By employing the principles of self-similarity and recursion inherent in fractal theory, the study seeks to overcome the limitations of experience-based pattern creation and promote the transition of Guibei motifs from static planar ornamentation to structurally generative systems, thereby providing methodological support for the structural reinterpretation of traditional motifs.MethodsA fractal-logic-based analysis was conducted to reconstruct the rule system underlying Guibei patterns. Through self-similar and recursive mechanisms, the structural evolution of the motif was derived to establish an operable fractal pattern generation pathway. On this basis, a user-acceptance perspective was introduced, and questionnaire surveys were conducted to collect data on users’ perceptions of pattern structure, fractal cognition, color preference, and product usage scenarios. Statistical analysis was performed to transform aesthetic judgments into quantifiable design parameters. The fractal generative rules were then integrated with user-preference parameters to construct an application framework for fractal Guibei patterns in terms of structural relationships, color combinations, and expressive hierarchies, guiding the practical design of leather bag products.ResultsThe results demonstrate that the fractal generative method is highly effective in the structural evolution of Guibei patterns, maintaining overall order and morphological stability under complex curved-surface conditions, and enabling the transformation from static decorative forms to structurally generative systems. With the incorporation of user-preference parameters, the application of fractal motifs in leather bags enhanced the hierarchical expression and recognizability of cultural connotations, facilitating the effective translation of traditional visual symbols within contemporary consumption contexts. Product simulations further indicate that parametric modeling and material-matching strategies improved design efficiency and reduced physical prototyping costs. These findings align, to a certain extent, with green design principles and low-carbon orientations, providing practical support for the scalable application of traditional motifs in leather products.ConclusionsFractal theory establishes a rule-driven generative mechanism for the contemporary reinterpretation of traditional Guibei patterns, reconstructing the mode of visual expression of traditional symbols in leather bag design and enabling a transition from experience-based creation to structurally and systematically guided design process. The integration of user preference into the design decision framework strengthens the internal linkage between cultural expression and contemporary aesthetic experience, promoting the practical transformation of traditional motifs within consumer contexts. The resulting design pathway offers a scalable model for the modernization of Chinese aesthetic elements in leather product design and holds enduring significance at both the methodological and industrial levels.
ObjectiveAchilles tendon protective shoes are medical orthoses that must be worn after Achilles tendon rupture surgery. Currently, these shoes predominantly feature black and gray color schemes and lack conspicuous warning markings, making them visually obscure and prone to accidental impacts, thereby increasing the risk of re-rupture. By conducting perceptual research on the application of warning colors and textures in the shoe upper, this study aims to explore design combinations that can effectively enhance visual warning, thereby improving the safety of the product during use and reducing the risk of secondary injury.MethodsBased on the theory of warning colors and combined with the visual warning arousal mechanism and eye-tracking physiological indicators, three typical biological warning textures (dots, cracks, stripes) and three warning color combinations (orange-black, yellow-black, purple-yellow) were selected to create nine experimental combinations. These were applied to a uniform model of Achilles tendon protective shoes as visual stimulus materials for the experiment. After collecting subjective valence ratings and eye-tracking data (including Time to First Fixation and pupil diameter), the data were analyzed using repeated-measures ANOVA, followed by post-hoc multiple comparisons using the LSD method. Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to examine the consistency between subjective and objective indicators, thereby comprehensively evaluating the perceived warning intensity of each combination.ResultsThe nine combinations of warning textures and colors showed no significant difference in Time to First Fixation, but exhibited significant differences in pupil diameter response and subjective warning valence ratings, with a significant interaction effect between texture and color. A moderate positive correlation was observed between subjective warning valence ratings and the increment of pupil diameter. Among these, subjects exhibited stronger alertness and a greater tendency to make avoidance decisions when viewing striped yellow-black and striped orange-black patterns. In contrast, alertness levels were significantly lower when observing striped purple-yellow or dotted pattern combinations. This indicates that while stripes are superior to dots in eliciting visual alertness, their actual effectiveness is significantly influenced by color interactions. The results of multiple comparisons revealed that the differences identified by subjective warning assessments were not fully captured by the objective physiological indicator of pupil diameter. The striped yellow-black pattern received significantly higher subjective ratings, influenced by cultural learning, symbolic semantics, and individual experience. In contrast, while the cracked-orange-black pattern elicited significant pupil dilation, it was not explicitly perceived as highly alerting. The striped orange-black pattern elicited a pupil diameter response ratio reaching the sympathetic activation threshold, accompanied by high alertness ratings, forming a complete alertness perception cycle that integrates both bottom-up and top-down processing. In contrast, the dotted yellow-black pattern produced a pupil diameter response ratio reaching the parasympathetic activation threshold, which can suppress sympathetic activity during the early stage of alertness stress. The findings suggest that the design of warning colors for Achilles tendon protective footwear should prioritize the selection of colors based on texture, rather than independently selecting texture or color.ConclusionThe stripe pattern in yellow-black serves as the optimal biological warning color paradigm for Achilles tendon protective shoes, significantly enhancing safety. The orange-black stripe pattern can be considered a secondary option, while the dot pattern in yellow-black should be avoided in warning signs.
ObjectiveLarge-scale instruments are important supports for conducting high-level scientific research and experimental teaching, and they are also important carriers for enhancing students' practical and innovative abilities. Due to their high precision, expensive price, and strong professionalism, students have limited opportunities to access and use large-scale instruments. Therefore, it is urgently necessary to enhance the integration of large-scale instruments with undergraduate experimental teaching, shorten the distance between large-scale instruments and undergraduate students, and give full play to their role in cultivating students' practical and innovative abilities.AnalysisThe atomic force microscope was applied to the undergraduate comprehensive teaching experiment. A teaching mode combining three methods, namely pre-class guidance, on-site classroom teaching and extracurricular independent experiments, was adopted. The sample preparation methods and various factors affecting the clarity of atomic force microscope images were explored.ConclusionThis comprehensive teaching experiment has cultivated students' practical ability, strengthened their interdisciplinary integration ability, broadened their horizons, enhanced their interest in scientific research, and improved their innovative consciousness, which is conducive to the cultivation of top-notch innovative talents.
Objective The arch of the foot is a key structural component of children's foot biomechanics, and its development relies on natural mechanical stimulation from activities such as walking. In today's environment, many children experience a "high load, low stimulus" growth setting, which can lead to delayed arch development and subsequently cause gait abnormalities, flat feet, and long-term foot pain. Orthotic insoles are an important intervention for improving arch development. Existing studies have confirmed the effectiveness of parameters such as arch support height and material stiffness, but long-term studies on the impact of heel cup encirclement on arch development in young children are still lacking. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effects of two different heel cup encirclement designs in orthotic insoles on the development of flexible flat feet in children aged 3-6 years, with a one-year follow-up.MethodsThis study enrolled 163 children aged 3-6 years with flexible flat feet, who were randomly divided into two groups: Group A, with a moderate encirclement heel cup design, and Group B, with a strong encirclement heel cup design. Follow-ups were conducted every three months, and Clarke's angle, arch ratio index (RI) and valgus angle (VA) were measured using an image processing system. To control for baseline differences, the analysis focused on the change in each parameter relative to the baseline, using generalized estimating equations and linear mixed-effect models for statistical analysis, while including baseline values as covariates.ResultsBoth types of insoles improved the indicators related to arch development, but the moderate encirclement design in Group A performed better overall, with significant differences between the groups emerging at different times: Clarke's angle showed significant improvement after 12 months, with Group A showing significantly better results than Group B at this time point. Improvements in the RI were mainly observed between 3-9 months, with Group A showing superior results starting at 6 months, and this advantage increasing over time. The VA also showed continuous improvement, with Group A performing better starting at 6 months. The study suggests that Group A's better performance can be attributed to its balanced approach of guiding and stabilizing the arch, while allowing necessary joint movement to correct the alignment. In contrast, the strong encirclement design of Group B may restrict rearfoot movement, which could hinder the development of muscle strength at this stage of childhood. Moreover, Clarke's angle and the RI exhibited different improvement patterns, which reflects the diluting effect of rapid vertical growth in the foot on early changes in angular indicators. These results support the collaborative role of orthotic insoles in children's arch development, suggesting that they can help compensate for the lack of natural mechanical stimulation and guide the arch toward healthy development.ConclusionOrthotic insoles with a moderate encirclement heel cup design are superior to those with a strong encirclement design in improving the arch development of children aged 3-6 years. The advantages of the moderate encirclement design became increasingly apparent after six months of intervention and continued through to the 12-month mark. This conclusion is supported by the superior performance of Group A in both the RI and VA indicators from 6 to 12 months, and by the fact that significant differences in Clarke's angle were only observed after 12 months. These findings provide a basis for individualized orthotic interventions in this age group.
[Objective]Thorough dispersion of collagen fibers is crucial for improving the physical properties of leather.While silane coupling agent(SCA)offers excellent hydrophobicity and reactivity,its application in current dehydration-hydrophobic modification technologies for leather is limited by the high consumption of ethanol.This study proposed a low-solvent hydrophobic modification method based on physical treatments.A"vacuum drying+milling"process was used to control the moisture content and dispersion degree of collagen fibers.This approach obviously reduced ethanol usage while ensuring uniform penetration and effective binding of SCA within the leather.Furthermore,the hydrophobic modification effect of SCA promoted efficient fiber dispersion,comprehensively enhancing the overall performance of the leather.[Methods]Chrome-tanned leather was pretreated using the"vacuum drying+milling"physical treatments.First,vacuum drying was conducted at 50℃and 100 kPa for 0-4 minutes.The moisture content was measured,and fiber morphology was observed.This was followed by 30 minutes of milling,and changes in pore structure were analyzed.Ethanol dehydration experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of the physical treatment on dehydration rate and equilibrium moisture content,with kinetic fitting performed.The physically treated leather was then dehydrated with 120%anhydrous ethanol for 60 minutes,followed by hydrophobic modification with 6%SCA,resulting in physically treated and silane-modified leather(P-SCA).The penetration,distribution,chemical bonding behavior,and hydrophobic properties of SCA within the leather were characterized using scanning electron microscopy,energy dispersive spectroscopy,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR).The performance of P-SCA leather was compared with conventional chrome-tanned leather(CL)and leather treated with SCA after multiple ethanol dehydration steps(E-SCA).[Results]Combined vacuum drying of 2 minutes and milling treatment reduced the moisture content of the chrome-tanned leather to 42.0%.The fibers showed good dispersion degree,and the porosity was maintained at 44.7%.This physical treatment remarkably improved ethanol dehydration efficiency:the dehydration rate constant increased by 3.8 times;the equilibrium moisture content decreased to 22.4%;ethanol usage was reduced by 66.7%;and dehydration time was shortened by 77.8%.FT-IR and XPS analyses indicated that hydrolyzed SCA formed covalent bonds(Si-O-C and Si-N bonds)with-OH and-NH2 groups on the collagen fibers and were uniformly distributed within the leather.The P-SCA leather achieved a contact angle of 154.5°.After 2025 cycles in a dynamic water resistance test,the water absorption rate was only 3.3%.Mechanical property tests showed that P-SCA leather exhibited superior tensile strength(25.9 MPa),tear strength(102.7 N/mm),bursting strength(557.1 N/mm),and elongation at break(54.2%)compared to both CL and E-SCA leathers.Its softness reached 8.6 mm,and it demonstrated better compression and resilience properties.[Conclusions]A"vacuum drying+milling"physical treatment technology was established,effectively controlling the moisture content and fiber dispersion of chrome-tanned leather.This method overcomes the reliance on large amounts of ethanol in conventional dehydration-hydrophobic modification processes.It obviously reduces solvent consumption while promoting the uniform penetration of SCA within the three-dimensional network structure of leather and its covalent binding with collagen.This endows the leather with excellent hydrophobicity and physical properties.The prepared P-SCA leather outperforms products from traditional processes in key indicators such as mechanical strength,softness,and resilience.This study provides an innovative concept and practical pathway for developing efficient and eco-friendly functional modification technologies for leather.
ObjectiveThe leather goods industry is undergoing a profound transition from traditional manufacturing to a "design-driven, technology-empowered, and culture-enriched" model. As a pivotal hub connecting artistic creativity, engineering technology, commercial logic, and cultural expression, the cultivation of interdisciplinary talents in leather art design and production has become a critical proposition for driving industry transformation and upgradation. AnalysisGrounded in interdisciplinary teaching principles, this paper reconstructs the connotative model of interdisciplinary talents and proposes systematic cultivation strategies. Through the redesign of the curriculum system (integrating modules of artistic creativity, engineering technology, commercial logic, and cultural expression), innovation in teaching modes (emphasizing project-based and interdisciplinary collaboration), deepened industry-education integration (aligning with real-world industry needs), and upgraded evaluation mechanisms (establishing multi-dimensional competency assessment systems), the education of leather art design and production shifts from "single-point skill training" to "systemic innovation empowerment." ConclusionThis paradigm will achieve symbiotic evolution among the education chain, talent chain, and industrial chain, forming a new model for cultivating interdisciplinary talents that adapts to industry transformation and upgrading. It not only overcomes the limitations of "skill islands" in traditional education but also provides a replicable educational innovation practice sample for the digital transformation of traditional industries, while preserving the consistency of specialized terminology such as "design-driven, technology-empowered, and culture-enriched" and "interdisciplinary talents" as per the reference translation.
ObjectiveAt present, the extraction methods of hemicellulose from corn cobs are showing a diversified development trend. Among them, the alkaline solution extraction method is the most fundamental and commonly used one. However, the traditional alkaline solution extraction method has disadvantages such as large consumption of alkaline solution, long reaction and extraction time, and low yield. In this study, corn husk powder, an agricultural waste, was used as the raw material. The Box-Behnken response surface method was employed to optimize the ultrasound-assisted extraction process of corn husk hemicellulose using dilute alkali (KOH). MethodsThe single-factor experiments and response surface methodology were combined to systematically optimize the extraction parameters of corn husk hemicellulose, in which the hemicellulose extraction rate was used as the response value while the independent variables selected were KOH concentration, liquid-solid ratio (the ratio of KOH solution volume to corn cob powder mass), ultrasonic time and extraction temperature. A mathematical model was established for optimization analysis, and the structure of the extracted product was characterized through infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectroscopy. ResultsThe results showed that the extraction rate of hemicellulose from corn husks by the ultrasound-assisted dilute alkali was higher than that without ultrasonic treatment. However, the influence of ultrasonic treatment time was the least among the four factors, indicating that ultrasonic wave had played an auxiliary role for the dilute alkaline extraction of hemicellulose from corn cobs. Compared with the traditional alkaline extraction process, the ultrasound-assisted dilute alkaline extraction method used in this work can effectively reduce the concentration of alkali solution, decrease the amount of alkali solution, and significantly shorten the extraction time. The influencing factors, such as KOH concentration, extraction temperature, liquid-solid ratio, and ultrasonic treatment time, had a decreasing impact in sequence on the extraction rate of hemicellulose from corn cobs. Among them, the KOH concentration was the main influencing factor. Its mechanism of action lies in disrupting the hydrogen bonds and ester bonds that connect hemicellulose with lignin and cellulose, significantly enhancing the solubility of hemicellulose in alkaline systems. Based on the quadratic regression model, the optimal extraction conditions obtained through optimization are as follow: KOH concentration of 6.69%, liquid-solid ratio of 17.68 mL/g, ultrasonic treatment time of 34.62 min, and extraction temperature of 63.42 ℃. ConclusionsUnder the optimal conditions, the theoretical maximum extraction rate was 34.22%, while the extraction rate obtained from the verification test was 33.88%. The relative error between them was only 0.34%, indicating that the established model has a good fitting effect and predictive ability. The extraction method used in this study has shown excellent results in the extraction of hemicellulose from corn husks. The present ultrasound-assisted dilute alkaline extraction technology provides a new idea for the resource utilization of agricultural waste, and demonstrates good prospects for industrial application in terms of reducing production costs and improving extraction efficiency. It is of great value in promoting the green and efficient utilization of biomass resources.
Objective As a national intangible cultural heritage unique to southern Fujian, Yongchun paper weaving painting contains deep regional cultural connotations with its artistic characteristics of “weaving warp and weft, and real and imaginary”. Currently, the research on it focuses on the historical traceability and process recovery, while there is an obvious gap in the research on its cross-media transformation. Leather products have both practical and decorative properties, which can be combined with Yongchun paper weaving painting technology and cultural genes to exhibit unique design value. However, the existing research on the integration of traditional culture and leather products has problems such as strong design subjectivity and single evaluation system. Therefore, it is important to scientifically assess the application value of these crafts and cultural genes in the design of leather products, generate the optimal design program, and provide a new path for the innovative transformation of non-heritage elements. Methods First of all, through literature review and field investigation, the explicit cultural genes (e.g., modeling, color) and implicit cultural genes (e.g., semantics, style) of Yongchun paper weaving painting are refined, and a hierarchical analysis structure model is constructed. A decision-making team composed of 12 experts, including cultural and creative design experts, leather sculpture craftsmen, paper weaving painting inheritors and market experts is invited to use Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to quantitatively rate the suitability of the 14 cultural gene factors with the design of leather cultural and creative products as well as the demand of consumers and users, and the comprehensive weights are then calculated and rank them. Secondly, the core factors with higher weights are selected, and by combining with artificial intelligence technology, the weaving process of paper weaving painting is transformed into the design language of leather products. This process generates three leather cultural and creative product programs, each with a core focus on plant modeling, landscape modeling and character modeling, respectively. Finally, the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) is used to construct a weighted standardized evaluation matrix, calculate the relative closeness of each solution, and screen the best design solutions. Results and Discussions According to the comprehensive ranking of AHP, the factors with the highest comprehensive weights in each criterion layer are extracted, and artificial intelligence technology is used to generate three solutions. After the evaluation of TOPSIS, Program 1, “Lotus Rhyme and Wish”, has the highest relative proximity (0.980), and is identified as the best design solution; Program 2, “Danshan Ink” (closeness coefficient 0.943) and Program 3 “Ruifurenxiang” (closeness coefficient 0.915) are ranked in the backward order. Conclusions The combination of Analytic Hierarchy Process and the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution effectively solves the problem of strong subjectivity and imperfect evaluation system in the application of traditional cultural elements in design. This approach provides a scientific and objective quantitative decision-making basis for the application of Yongchun paper weaving painting cultural genes in the design of leather products, which promotes the living inheritance of Yongchun paper weaving painting, and also provides a reference methodology for the fusion and innovation of other traditional cultural genes and modern design.
ObjectiveAs a core course in light industry-related majors, Tannin Chemistry and Applications faces challenges such as content redundancy, uneven student knowledge levels, and difficulties in transferring knowledge to emerging fields. Driven by the dual imperatives of educational digitalization and the New Engineering 2.0 strategy, a transformative approach to the course is urgently needed. AnalysisThis paper proposes a three-stage teaching reform centered on the large language model DeepSeek, which involves diagnosing knowledge gaps through intelligent assessment, precisely reinforcing foundational knowledge via AI-generated problem sets, and facilitating interdisciplinary discussions led by instructors to enhance knowledge transfer and innovative thinking. ConclusionThis paradigm is expected to deliver precision personalized instruction, eliminate content redundancy, spark students’ enthusiasm for interdisciplinary innovation, and provide a replicable model for the digital upgrade of traditional disciplines.
