In this paper, for the first time, the design approach of a standing-wave antenna based on a holographic technique is presented. To the best of the authors' knowledge, no holographic standing-wave antenna (HSWA) design has yet been reported. In the design process, the amplitude and phase of the reference wave are carefully extracted. A center-fed holographic antenna with broadside radiation at the frequency of 18 GHz is designed. The HSWA consists of grounded hexagonal unit-cells with a side length of about 0.08λ0. The HSWA is implemented on Rogers RO4003C substrate with a thickness of 0.528 mm. The realized gain and aperture efficiency of the proposed compact antenna are 15.8 dBi and 75%, respectively.
This paper presents a 5-stage wideband variable gain amplifier (VGA) integrated in 22nm fully-depleted silicon-on-insulator (FDSOI) CMOS technology. The circuit comprises three different core circuit topologies composed of an input buffer, three gain control stages, and a high-power output stage. The VGA achieves a 30 dB gain with a power consumption of 44mW, exhibiting a continuous tuning range of 33 dB, covering a 3 dB bandwidth of 21 GHz while occupying an area of 0.077mm(2). The VGA is optimized for operation within high-data rate 6G receiver systems.
This paper presents an ultra low phase noise frequency synthesizer with optical output for 77 GHz long range photonic radar. The system consist of an optoelectronic phase locked loop (OEPLL) using a mode locked laser (MLL) as reference clock, a frequency doubler for the upconversion to one half of the desired radar band, and an electrooptical (EO) modulator biased in the minimum point. The presented system achieves a channel spacing of 400 MHz in the frequency range from 74 GHz to 80 GHz. The phase noise after the optoelectronic (OE) conversion is better than -120 dBc/Hz at offset frequencies above 10 kHz.
This paper presents an approach that enables direction-of-arrival estimation on a combined aperture of radar nodes in a radar network, even if large gaps exist between the individual node positions. To facilitate the formation of a combined virtual aperture, a coherent network is required. A method for achieving phase synchronization between the individual sensors is also outlined in this paper. The simulations and measurements presented here demonstrate the feasibility and advantages of such a system. By creating a combined aperture, future requirements for automotive radar sensing, such as higher angular resolution with reduced processing complexity compared to a uniform linear array with the same size and a spacing of lambda/2, can be met.
This paper proposes a MIMO phased antenna array design for 3D integrated sensing and communication (ISAC). Combining patch and dipole antennas, the design enables vertical and horizontal beamforming to support vehicular communication, environmental sensing, and vertical-domain applications such as drone detection. Simulation results demonstrate the system’s effectiveness in achieving high directivity and robust detection capabilities, making it a promising solution for 6G ISAC applications.
