[Objectives] This study was conducted to investigate the similarity and differences between TLR4 knockout mice and C57 BL/6 mice used in liver fibrosis research in terms of growth rate and reproduction ability. [Methods] Twenty TLR4 knockout mice and C57 BL/6 mice, half male and half female, were selected to compare the growth rates of body weight and body length of mice from the 4 th to 12 th weeks; and 20 pairs of male and female mice of the same strain were compared for the number of baby mice of the second litter. [Results] The growth rates of body weight and body length of the TLR4 knockout mice were significantly lower than those of C57 BL/6 mice（P＜0.05）(except for the 4 th and 5 th weeks when there was no significant difference in body length); and in terms of reproductive ability, the TLR4 knockout mice were significantly lower than the C57 BL/6 mice（the ratio of the total number of baby mice in the second litter of the two strains, 72∶147）. [Conclusions] Knockout of the TLR4 gene has a significant impact on the growth and reproduction of mice.
The roots of Angelica dahurica are a commonly used traditional Chinese herbal medicine. It has the effects of dispelling wind and relieving pain, expelling pus and dispersing swelling, clearing the nasal orifices, and eliminating dampness. In recent years, the cultivation of A. dahurica in Hunan Province has developed rapidly, but the research on new varieties selection and standardized cultivation techniques is lagging behind. This paper reviewed the germplasm resources, variety distribution and standardized cultivation technology of A. dahurica in China, hoping to provide technical support for the development of A. dahurica industry.
[Objectives] This study was conducted to quickly screen out effective and safe agents for controlling tobacco root knot nematode disease. [Methods] Six pesticides were tested and screened indoors at five different concentrations. [Results] The six pesticides all had toxic effects on the second-instar larvae of tobacco root-knot nematode, and the corrected mortality was positively correlated with the concentration and time of the pesticides, with the correlation coefficients above 0.8. From the perspective of inhibitory activity, the order was fosthiazate＞ abamectin＞emamectin benzoate＞cadusafos＞ethoprophos＞carbosulfan. Four pesticides that can be used in the field were selected. [Conclusions] This study provides a theoretical basis for field pesticide selection.
Burkina Faso is one of the least developed countries in the world, and is located on the edge of the desert. Drought and water shortage, backward agricultural infrastructure, lacking of water conservancy and irrigation facilities have caused a great threat to the country’s food security. Promoting the cultivation of hybrid foxtail millet in Burkina Faso can well achieve the "going out" of Chinese agriculture and assist in the completion of agricultural assistance to Burkina Faso after the resumption of diplomatic relations with Burkina Faso. In 2019, Zhangjiakou City Academy of Agricultural Sciences cooperated with CGCOC Agriculture Co., Ltd. to plant hybrid foxtail millet in Burkina Faso, selected three pearl millet varieties that are better promoted locally as control varieties, and found that planting Zhangzagu No.8, No.16 and No.18 with a density of 667 000 plant/hm~2（plant spacing 0.12 m×0.25 m, 2 plants per hole） and a fertilization amount of 0.3 t/hm~2 and sowing in late July are suitable for production management technical regulations of hybrid foxtail millet in Burkina Faso. Because hybrid foxtail millet is superior to local pearl millet in terms of yield, resistance to powdery mildew, and its lodging resistance, it has good prospects for promotion in Burkina Faso.
[Objectives] This study was conducted to explore and rationally use the effective value and nutritional components of wolfberry polysaccharide to provide a basis for the use of new feed resources. [Methods] The premixed feed prepared with the wolfberry polysaccharide additive was applied to fattening Tan sheep in Ningxia, and the effect of the wolfberry polysaccharide additive on the fattening Tan sheep was analyzed, so as to provide technical support for the rational utilization of the wolfberry polysaccharide resources. The study adopted a single-factor comparison method, selecting 84 tan sheep in the fattening period with conform gender, feeding management, weight, age, and physiological status, which were divided into 2 test groups and 1 control group, 28 in each group. [Results] Within 90 d, the weight gain of the group with 0.1% wolfberry polysaccharide additive increased by 6.98%, showing a significant difference（P＜0.05）, and the feed conversion ratio decreased by 9.66%, which was significant as well（P＜0.05）. The gross profit of this group was 125.76 yuan, which was higher than the control group by 57.52 yuan. The group with 0.2% wolfberry polysaccharide additive increased the weight gain by 8.63%, which was significant（P＜0.05）, and the feed conversion ratio decreased by 10.80%, which was significant as well（P＜0.05）. The gross profit of group 2 was 125.76 yuan, which was higher than the control group by 63.41 yuan. There were no significant differences in weight gain, feed conversion ratio and gross profit between the groups with 0.1% and 0.2% of wolfberry polysaccharide additive. The results showed that the use of wolfberry polysaccharide additive premixed feed has a positive effect on increasing the weight gain of fattening Tan sheep, reducing the feed conversion ratio, and improving the feed conversion efficiency. The addition of 0.1% and 0.2% of the wolfberry polysaccharide additive premixed feed had no significant differences. [Conclusions] The wolfberry polysaccharide additive has a positive effect on increasing the weight gain of fattening Tan sheep, reducing the feed conversion ratio, and improving the feed conversion efficiency.
[Objectives] This study was conducted to establish a method of quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker（QAMS） for the simultaneous determination of such seven chemical components as gallic acid, epicatechin, catechin, ferulic acid, chlorogenic acid, rutin and caffeic acid in Vidal grape. [Methods] The high performance liquid chromatography was carried out using a COSMOSIL C18-MS-II column（4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm） with the mobile phase acetonitrile-2% acetic acid aqueous solution（gradient elution） at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. The detection wavelength was 280 nm, and the column temperature was 25 ℃. Using caffeic acid as an internal reference, the relative correction factors between it and other six to-be-detected components, and the contents of the seven components were calculated using the correction factors. The established was compared the results with the external standard method to verify the feasibility and accuracy of the method. [Results] The seven components had a good linear relationship in the ranges of 1.060-10.60, 1.419-14.19, 1.062-10.62, 0.295 0-2.950, 0.101 9-1.019, 0.201 4-2.014, and 0.149 8-1.498 μg, respectively, and the relative correction factors of gallic acid, epicatechin, catechin, ferulic acid, chlorogenic acid and rutin were 0.976 0, 0.780 6, 0.327 7, 1.640, 1.161, 2.778, respectively. There was no significant difference between the results of the QAMS method and the external standard method. [Conclusions] The QAMS method using caffeic acid as an internal reference is accurate and feasible, and provides a reliable method for the quality evaluation of Vidal ice grape.
African swine fever virus（ASFV） is the only pathogen that causes African swine fever（ASF）. The virus has strong viability outside of pigs, easily causing cross-border transmission, and bringing great harm to the pig industry. This paper mainly introduced the biological characteristics and transmission methods of ASFV, and provides a certain theoretical basis for preventing ASF.
Specific molecular markers for detecting the alleles of Pi2/Pi9/Piz-t ,designated as Pi2SNP,Pi9SNP and Pizt-PA,respectively,have been successfully developed through sequence comparison method.These three specific markers can distinctly distinguish target genes from others mapped on Pi2/9 locus,which facilitate the molecular marker-assistant selection and the development of pyramiding cultivars combined with other allele R genes. Additionally,101 main cultivars and breeding parents collected from different rice-planting areas have been diagnosed with these three specific markers,and the results showed that only 2 out of 101 cultivars carried Piz-t ,but neither Pi2 nor Pi9 band had been detected.So far,it indicated that most of the main cultivars and breeding parents in China do not carry Pi2/Pi9/Piz-t .These results had provided important information for the application of Pi2/Pi9/Piz-t in the blast resistance breeding programs.
[Objectives] This study was conducted to improve the sensory quality and industrial availability of tobacco extracts. [Methods] The L 9 （3~4） design was adopted to carried out an extraction experiment, in which formula tobacco was extracted using supercritical CO 2 , and the extract was concentrated by vacuum distillation. Through sensory evaluation and chemical analysis, the function determination and chemical composition analysis of the tobacco extracts were carried out, and the optimal supercritical fluid extraction process was finally determined. [Results] The obtained optimal supercritical fluid extraction conditions were as follows: extraction temperature 55 ℃, extraction pressure 25 MPa, CO 2 flow rate of 20 L/h, and entrainer of 95% ethanol. The tobacco extract obtained under the optimal conditions endowed the cigarettes with full and delicate aroma, less irritation and clean aftertaste and made the flavor of the cigarettes overall coordinated and softer, so the sensory quality was significantly improved. [Conclusions] The tobacco extract obtained by the supercritical CO 2 extraction method from formula tobacco can effectively improve the quality of cigarettes.
The chemical constituents of the essential oil of Euonymus fortune from different areas were compared and analyzed by GC-MS. The results showed that 25 chromatographic peaks were separated and 13 chemical constituents were identified in Binyang County, Nanning City, accounting for 97.25% of the total volatile oil. Twenty nine chromatographic peaks were separated from Rong’an County, Liuzhou City, and 14 chemical constituents were identified, accounting for 89.91% of the total volatile oil. Thirty two chromatographic peaks were separated from Mengshan County, Wuzhou City, and 12 chemical constituents were identified, accounting for 92.16% of the total volatile oil. Twenty eight chromatographic peaks were separated from Rong County, Yulin City, and 11 chemical constituents were identified, accounting for 84.79% of the total volatile oil. Five of the chemical constituents of the volatile oil from the three places of origin are common to the four. They are phytol, palmitic acid, n-nonane, cumene, hexahydrofarnesyl acetone. It can be seen that the main components of volatile oil from different producing areas are different.
In order to clarify the causes of the fester disease in companion animals, this study involved isolation, identification and drug susceptibility analysis of pathogenic bacteria from the uterus of an 11-year-old female dog who was admitted to the veterinary hospital of Tianjin Agricultural University. According to the results of colony morphology, smear staining microscopy, physiological and biochemical reaction and 16 S rRNA gene analysis, the bacteria was identified as a Bacillus pyocyaners. The susceptibility analysis showed that the isolate is highly sensitive to aztreonam, cefdinir, cefotaxime, cefepime, ceftazidime, ofloxacin, streptomycin, kanamycin, piperacillin and tobramycin. Moreover, the isolate is moderately sensitive to ceftriaxone, cefuroxime and cefoxitin, but resistant to ampicillin, cefazolin, cefazine and medemycin. The research results provide references for controlling infection caused by B. pyocyaners.
The sugarcane borer is a type of pest that severely damages sugarcane. To explore and seek effective and environmentally friendly control technology for sugarcane borers, promote environmentally friendly control for sugarcane pests, new sex pheromone trap of sugarcane borers, Abamectin center dot Bacillus thuringiensis and Tebufenozide were selected and applied for control of Sesamia inferens Walker and Argyroploce schistaceana (Snellen). The results showed that new sex pheromone trap of sugarcane borers in combination with Abamectin center dot Bacillus thuringiensis or Tebufenozide were the optimum mode for environmentally friendly control techniques of Sesamia inferens Walker and Argyroploce schistaceana (Snellen). The use of new sex pheromone traps of sugarcane borers (6 a/ha) + 0.05% Abamectin center dot 10 billion active gemma/g Bacillus thuringiensis WP (1800 g/ha) or new sex pheromone traps of sugarcane borers (6 a/ha) + 200g/L Tebufenozide SC (1500 mL/ha) were the best. The control effect of dead heart rate and bored stem rate could be more than 69.98% and 49.09%, respectively, and were superior to the control pesticide 3.6% Bisultap GR (90 kg/ha).
[Objectives] This study was conducted to expand the insect resistance spectrum of tea saponin, and its control effect on Cylas formicarius and the potential as an insecticide for pest control were explored. [Methods] The olfactory avoidance rate of C. formicarius to tea saponin aqueous solution was determined by Y-type olfactometer; the feeding avoidance rate of C. formicarius to tea saponin was determined by the selective method; the antifeedant rate of C. formicarius to tea saponin was determined by non-selective method; and the development duration and mortality of C. formicarius under the influence of tea saponin were determined by artificial feeding method. [Results] C. formicarius had no significant olfactory tendency to every concentration of tea saponin, and the olfactory avoidance rate of 20.0% tea saponin aqueous solution was only 9.14%. Tea saponin had a feeding avoidance effect on C. formicarius, and the avoidance rate increased with the increase of tea saponin concentration. At 6 h, the feeding avoidance rates of 0.5%, 1.0%, 5.0%, 10.0% and 20.0% tea saponin on C. formicarius were 58.14%, 77.77%, 88.23%, 95.00% and 97.65 %, respectively; and the feeding avoidance effect at 6 h was significant, and the feeding avoidance rate was higher than that of 1 h. Tea saponin had a significant antifeedant effect on C. formicarius, and the longer the feeding time, the higher the antifeedant rate. At 72 h, the antifeedant rates of 0.5%, 1.0%, 5.0%, 10.0 % and 20.0% tea saponin to C. formicarius were 63.01%, 67.54%, 97.14 %, 96.42% and 98.57%, respectively. The larval development duration of C. formicarius was shortened with the increase of tea saponin concentration, and the larval death occurred. The development duration of larvae under the influence of 1.0% tea saponin was the shortest, which was 4.01 d shorter than that of the control, and the mortality was the highest, which was 26.65%. [Conclusions] Tea saponin had neither olfactory avoidance effect nor olfactory attracting effect to C. formicarius, but had obvious feeding avoidance effect and strong antifeedant effect. Tea saponin can shorten the development duration of the larvae of C. formicarius and cause the death of the larvae.
