住房流动性对家庭资产配置的影响较少受到关注.基于2013-2019年的CHFS数据,建立固定效应回归模型,发现住房流动性提高对家庭住房资产配置为正向影响,以限购为代表的限制性交易政策降低了住房流动性对家庭资产配置的影响,经过稳健性检验,结论依然成立.异质性分析发现,已婚家庭、无子女家庭、城镇家庭以及一套房家庭的住房资产配置受到住房流动性的显著正向影响,但是限购政策削弱了流动性对上述家庭住房资产配置的影响.多套家庭的住房资产配置则受到住房流动性的负向影响.进一步分析表明,住房流动性提高了预期收益对家庭住房资产配置的影响;在房价处于高水平时,流动性能够使高风险厌恶家庭增加住房资产配置.另外,住房流动性能够促进多套房家庭金融资产配置和消费支出.
科技成果转化是促进区域科技创新、实现高质量发展的有效途径.在政府引导与助推下,研发单位与企业合作是当前科技成果转化的主要途径之一.基于演化博弈理论,构建高校、企业和政府三方演化博弈模型,分析三类主体在科技成果转化合作过程中稳定策略的博弈过程,探究稳定策略的形成条件和策略选择的影响因素,并运用MATLAB对博弈进行模拟仿真.研究结果表明:研发成本是影响高校是否选择与企业合作的重要因素;相对于"不合作"受到的惩罚来说,企业对"合作"得到的政府奖补更加敏感;政府的参与成本越大,参与积极性就越低;降低政府参与引导和高校研发的成本,提高"合作"情况下的奖补和"不合作"情况下的惩罚力度能够有效促进高校、企业与政府的三方演化博弈模型实现策略稳定.
Regulating and guiding the healthy development of capital is a major theoretical and practical issue under the socialist market economy system. It is urgent to interpret the healthy development of capital from the perspective of political economy, analyze the operation of various types of capital in China, and demonstrate the necessity and urgency of regulating and guiding the healthy development of capital. In the current era of increasing capital volume, the restoration of human nature is the key to the healthy development of capital. We should strengthen the investment of public capital in the field of people’s livelihood, improve the institutional mechanisms for the development of non-public capital, promote innovation and symbiosis of various types of capital, strengthen effective supervision of various types of capital, reduce and avoid capital alienation, and guide capital to serve the people and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
How to treat capital is an important theoretical issue of socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics in the new era, and it is also an important practical issue in the new journey of socialist modernization. In the new stage of development, capital have their inevitability of existence, but there is also the risk of disorderly expansion. We should dialectically grasp the characteristics and functions of the capital, master the movement rule, arouse the great potential of capital elements, properly handle the relationship of labor and capital, guide capital into the real production sector and avoid funds being diverted out of real economy, deal with the problem of capital and profit distribution, utilize and standardize the profit-seeking nature of capital, promote the strengths and avoid the weaknesses according to the different characteristics of various types of capital, standardize and guide the healthy development of capital, and construct an orderly market order for various ownership economies.
Capital is not a thing, but a relation of production. Capital means the control and coercion of workers, and the existence of capital in the socialist market economy is inevitable. Not only is there a typical employment-labor relationship in the non-public economy, but it is also an objective fact that state-owned enterprises have public capital. As the "general illumination" in the socialist relations of production, public ownership of the means of production has a profound influence on the non-public economy in the socialist market economic system and plays an important role in regulating and guiding the development of non-public capital. This normative and guiding function mainly plays a role through two different paths: micro-level competition, meso-level and macro-level control and influence. In the product market, state-owned enterprises integrate the upstream and downstream industries, carry out technological innovation in the core link, and bring non-public enterprises into their leading industrial chain and value network. In the labor market, public-owned units set a "treatment benchmark" to exert market competition pressure on the wages and benefits of workers in the non-public economy and improve the situation of labor reproduction in the non-public economy. In terms of the path of control and influence, the public-owned economy influences the decision-making of the non-public economy by industrial diffusion effect and "countercyclical adjustment", which not only regulates and guides the development of non-public capital, but also enhances its anti-risk ability.
It is an urgent problem to be solved in current tax reform and tax collection and management to improve e-commerce tax compliance and promote e-commerce tax collection and management. This thesis makes quantitative research and empirical test on e-commerce tax compliance from two dimensions: the contribution of wholesale and retail e-commerce and the contribution of value-added tax e-commerce, based on the basic data of total e-commerce transactions, wholesale and retail sales and value-added tax revenue from 2004 to 2020 in China. The research shows that the coupling degree between the value-added tax revenue and the total amount of e-commerce transactions is low, and a small amount of value-added tax is realized through e-commerce. The degree of e-commerce tax compliance is low, a large number of tax losses exist, and the tax collection and management is out of order. Therefore, this thesis puts forward the tax collection and management strategies for promoting e-commerce from four aspects: to define the boundary of e-commerce taxpayers, and strengthen the tax management of e-commerce enterprises; to highlight the top-level design and effectively improve the tax compliance of e-commerce; to strengthen e-commerce tax monitoring and ensure the quality and efficiency of tax collection and management; to improve the hierarchical classification, and give consideration to the fairness and justice of e-commerce tax collection and management.
China has entered a stage of high-quality development. While the economy is upgraded from "quantity" to " quality", it has also brought about problems such as phased overcapacity in traditional industries, unreasonable structure of factor allocation, insufficient support capacity of strategic emerging industries, and slow pace of industrial quality and efficiency improvement. Shaping new momentum for high-quality economic development is an internal requirement for optimizing economic planning, strengthening innovation leadership, and ensuring sustained and healthy economic development. We must continue to advance the digital transformation of industries, accelerate the market-based and efficient allocation of factors of production, promote the integrated development of strategic emerging industries, and gather strength to modernize industrial chains, supply chains, and innovation chains. We will inject new economic momentum to achieve high-quality economic development.
In more than two years, the Central Committee held two meetings and issued two documents to emphasize the need to establish a modern circulation system. Several basic problems need to be studied in establishing modern circulation system. This paper demonstrates the regularity of circulation system change from four aspects: the space-time structure of circulation system development, the diversified evolution trend of circulation system, the different organizational forms of circulation groups in different stages of commodity economy development, and the potential expansion tendency of circulation scale. It analyzes the basic, leading and strategic position of modern circulation and the eight functions after expansion, namely, realization function, service function, guidance function, aggregation function, decomposition function, feedback function, transmission function and coordination function, and points out that the modern circulation system should have four characteristics, namely, large, comprehensive, strong and contemporary.
Taking the continuous economic space as the entry point, this paper constructs an industrial transfer model including labor force growth and migration, technological innovation and diffusion, and land use right competition. The research on the industrial transfer mode in China shows that: labor force growth and spatial gradient of technological level are the conditions for promoting industrial transfer, and the high land rent derived from high technology levels is the direct driving force of industrial transfer and a sign of regional economic growth; the industrial transfer direction in China is mainly in the north-south direction, while the east-west industrial transfer is not obvious, and areas with active industrial transfer only appears in the junction of east and central regions with limited scope; when there is any "abnormal point" in technological level, the phenomenon of north-south industrial transfer will be more significant; labor force growth and technology spillover have the same direction in promoting industrial transfer. When formulating regional development strategies, the country can consider the eastern region as a pioneering area for high-quality development. After being the first to achieve high-quality industrial development through innovation driven industrial structure upgrading in the eastern region, it can achieve coordinated and high-quality development of regional economies in the east-west and north-south directions through technology spillover and innovation-driven effects. Given the fact that the labor force growth in China is slowing down, the negative impact on industrial structure evolution can be reduced by improving the efficiency of technological spatial diffusion.
The exaggerated claims for bodily injury in automobile third-party liability insurance is a widespread opportunity fraud, which is less condemned by social morality. If it is not curbed, it will produce adverse inducement to society. Theoretically, this paper establishes an opportunity fraud mode suitable for the court decision samples based on time cost, information collection cost, moral sense and other factors, and also conducts Monte Carlo simulation on the impact of the above parameters on exaggerated claims. Empirically, nonparametric statistics and regression statistics are used to analyze the mechanism of factors that affect exaggerated claims, such as the proportion of accident responsibility of the perpetrators and the unemployment of claimants. The decision tree method is used to identify exaggerated claims, and it is found that the prediction effect is better for more serious and large amount of opportunity fraud. To this end, insurance companies should establish clear compensation regulations and reduce the adverse effects caused by information asymmetry, relevant departments should pay attention to the standardization of credentials and make the division of responsibilities more detailed.
With the deepening of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei coordination, the scientific and technological innovation effect of the coordinated development has been concerned. The coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei is regarded as a quasi-natural experiment, and the synthetic control method is adopted to evaluate the scientific and technological innovation effect of the policy. The study found that the coordinated development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei has effectively promoted the level of scientific and technological innovation in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. The policy effects of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei are different, among which the policy effect of Beijing is the most significant, the policy effect of Hebei shows obvious policy lag. The difference may be related to the level of regional innovation resource allocation and innovation division of region.
Innovation plays a core role in the overall situation of Chinese modernization construction, yet the current distribution of innovation resources in Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei shows the polarized character with Beijing as the monocenter. This feature is manifested that the more high-end resources are available, the greater the gap in distribution among the three regions. Besides, there is also a market failure in the cross-regional innovation community cooperation with the adjustment of inter-regional interests. Relying solely on the hand of the market, the construction of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei collaborative innovation community faces great challenges. Therefore, the cooperation of the promising governments of the three regions is very necessary to build a Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei collaborative innovation community. However, there are still many problems with government cooperation in the current Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei collaborative innovation community, such as more administrative agreements with less binding force but fewer laws and regulations with more compulsory force; more at the macro level of decision-making but less at the micro level of implementation supervision and feedback; more planned cooperation with win-win interests but less coordination mechanisms after conflicting interests and so on. To accelerate the expansion of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei collaborative innovation community to a deeper level, it should be based on the rational top-level design of the central government, the early and pilot innovation of the local governments of the three places as a breakthrough, the construction of efficient and collaborative cooperation carriers as a grasp, and the full play of the role of non-governmental as support. All parties should work together and take measures to achieve good results.
Improving the green innovation efficiency is the only way to solve various problems in the development of urban agglomerations and promote coordinated development. Based on the panel data of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration from 2006 to 2018, the paper constructs a stochastic frontier production function to measure the green innovation efficiency of the urban agglomeration. Then the paper uses Moran’s I to analyze the spatial correlation, further constructs economic geospatial weight matrix and spatial Dubin model to analyze spatial spillover effect. The results show that: The gap of the green innovation efficiency between cities has narrowed during the study period, but the overall green innovation efficiency is unbalanced; The green innovation efficiency of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration has a positive spatial autocorrelation, showing the spatial distribution characteristics of high concentration and low concentration; FDI, infrastructure construction and informatization have significant and direct effects on the green innovation efficiency; FDI, urban population, labor quality, infrastructure construction have significant spillover effects on the green innovation efficiency of urban agglomerations.
Monopoly and anti-monopoly regulation in the field of Internet platform economy has gradually become a hot and difficult issue of global concern. From the perspective of price and non-price market behaviors, such as competitive monopoly market structure of Internet platform economy, algorithmic price discrimination, algorithmic price collusion, exclusive monopoly agreement and blocking behavior, this paper studies the relationship between the special market structure, market behavior and anti-monopoly regulation in the field of Internet platform economy. The case study finds that there is a relative independence between the economic market behavior of the Internet platform and the market structure. This paper believes that the market structure of the Internet platform is effective, realizing the transformation of Marshall conflict, and the focus of anti-monopoly regulation of the platform economy should be on market behavior.
On the issue of capital research,Marx reconstructed Hegel’s spiritual subject with historical subject,leading to the topic of civilization planning in the labor process.In view of the research on Hegel’s logic duality path,Marx constructed the labor duality with historical particularity,started the structural proposition that the main line presided over the capital naming norms,and triggered the criticism on the working principle of the algorithm.The bourgeois theory follows the road of theoretical phenomenology,practical phenomenology,mathematical phenomenology and landscape phenomenology,and operates the reality of objects with universal value logic.As a result,human beings have entered the stage of economic mystery.The unification of subject logic（quality） and algorithm rule（quantity） is realized by the category of capital.This gives great theoretical enlightenment to the study of socialist political economy capital with Chinese characteristics,we must use a powerful thinking tool that integrates historical logic,theoretical logic and realistic logic,while fully developing the subject logic,we should give better play to the socialist economic potential of capital within the socialist framework of public ownership.
The system of homestead in China has evolved from " the separation of the ownership and contractual right" to " the separation of the ownership, contractual, and management rights". The right to use homestead is the core of the legal relationship of homestead utilization, and promoting the standardized and orderly circulation of idle homestead is the focus of the reform of the "the separation of the ownership, contractual, and management rights". As an innovative way of homestead circulation, shareholding will have a positive and far-reaching impact on rural revitalization and deepening rural reform. However, there are legal conflicts between the current system of the right to the use of homestead and the concrete practice of shareholding of homestead right to use. Through discussing the legal definition and investment model of homestead use right, policy and legal basis, legislative defects and other issues, this paper puts forward suggestions, such as perfecting the definition of homestead right and the legal system of shareholding companies, perfecting the relevant laws of farmers’ professional cooperatives and rural joint-stock cooperative enterprises, and constructing the bankruptcy interest balance mechanism of the shareholding enterprises of homestead right, so as to bring the shareholding of homestead right into the legal track and realize the economic value of idle homestead better.
There are many disputes about the logical starting point of of of practical philosophy. The practice philosophy examines the logical starting point of history and reality with its functions of reflection, interpretation and transformation, and carries out process abstraction and reflection in the objectification relationship between "man and substances". The practice philosophy can observe the object from the perspective of unifying the reflection subject and the reflection object, and unify the subject’s initiative and objective inevitability, thus shaping the theoretical logic of the starting point of the commodity logic of specific, which becomes the scientific research method of the logical starting point of dialectics of commodity category in of Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era.
Studying the logical starting point category of Das Kapital should have the vision of logical system. The connotation of the category of " commodity" in Das Kapital from a systematic perspective is not limited to the definition in the opening paragraph,but also has a broad connotation, that is, the organic unity of " material" commodity and " labor-power" commodity. Its concentrated expression is the organic master-slave relationship of " prelude-main melody" between the study of the labor theory of value created by " material" commodity at the beginning of Das Kapital and the study of surplus value created by " labor-power" commodity in the second and later chapters to construct the logical system of human liberation. Therefore, the logical starting point category of Das Kapital is " labor-power" commodity rather than " material" commodity. At the beginning, the " material" commodity is defined as the category of logical starting point, which paradoxically castrates the " basis" for the construction of the logical system of human liberation in Das Kapital, negates the nature of human liberation and science in Das Kapital, thus delaying the " study of Marx" in the new era. It needs to be clarified urgently.
By establishing a two-sector and two-region model including regional efficiency difference and labor migration cost, this paper studies the welfare effect of industrial migration and labor migration and its influence on regional income gap when there is rural surplus labor. It is found that narrowing the regional efficiency difference to promote industrial transfer, or reducing the migration cost to promote labor mobility can both narrow the regional income gap and improve the overall economic output. Because of the heterogeneity of labor migration costs, low-cost labor force prefers industrial migration, while high-cost labor force prefers labor migration policies, so the two policies of industrial migration and labor migration can’t replace each other. When the demand for labor mobility increases due to the improvement of industrialization level or the expansion of regional efficiency differences, if the institutional barriers to labor mobility are not further eliminated, the income gap between regions will widen, thus forming a " puzzle" in which labor migration and the widening of regional gap occur simultaneously. In order to promote regional coordinated development, there is no inherent logical conflict between the two kinds of ideas of promoting industrial transfer and labor mobility. They should not be opposed to each other, and measures should be taken to reduce the cost of labor migration and improve the development potential of underdeveloped areas.
The research of New Economic Geography（NEG）in China, from the early evaluation and comparison to the later application and absorption, stays still in the stage of catching up and imitating. Although a wide range of theoretical models can be established, few of them are really combined with the reality of China. After experiencing the stage from " hot" in the early stage to " disappointment due to its limitations", since about 2008, New Economic Geography at home and abroad has made significant progress through reflection and improvement. According to their thoughts, methods, and skills during this period, these achievements can be classified into six promising development directions: urban and urban system, heterogeneity, transport cost, calibration, bridging Economics and Geography, and public policies. Among these directions, theories of urban and urban system, expansion of heterogeneity, endogenous transport cost, and public policies can be the main focuses in the future.
