Due to different sources and the water using habits, the wastewater of papermaking fluctuates sharply over time. Quality control of the effluent in the papermaking wastewater treatment process (PWTP) is rather challenging and costly. Concerns are growing about the effects, especially of the greenhouse gas (GHG) emission, of PWTP on the environments. In order to realize the economic, energy-efficient, and eco-friendly objectives, with subject to the effluent quality, this paper proposed a multi-agent deep reinforcement learning framework to simultaneously optimize process cost, energy consumption, and GHG emission in the PWTP. Benchmark simulation model No.1 (BSM1) was used to simulate biological treatment process of papermaking wastewater. The default wastewater influence data of BSM manual was used to train, and the real data collected from papermaking industry was applied to verified the model system. The results demonstrate that the proposed system effectively identifies optimal control strategies for multiple targets, outperforming traditional methods.
使用内乳化法分别制备聚乳酸基水性聚氨酯(PLA-WPU)与聚己内酯基水性聚氨酯(PCL-WPU),然后将PCL-WPU与PLA-WPU进行物理共混,制备生物基可降解水性聚氨酯(PLA-WPU-PCLX).结果表明,当PCL-WPU含量30％时,制备的PLA-WPU-PCL30综合性能较好,结晶性能较纯PLA-WPU与PCL-WPU有明显提升,拉伸强度达22.2 MPa,断裂伸长率为540％,初始热分解温度为290.5℃,堆肥降解14天后质量损失率为2.4％.对纸张表面进行施胶,施胶后的纸张接触角由99°提升至112°;与淀粉施胶相比,PLA-WPU-PCL30质量分数5％时,纸张施胶度由16s增加至71 s,Cobb值由68.4g/m2降低至44.7 g/m2,抗张强度由4.6 kN/m提升至5.4 kN/m,撕裂指数由1.32 mN·m2/g提升至1.42mN·m2/g,耐破度由235 kPa提升至273 kPa,耐折度由55次提升至146次.
随着大众审美理念的升级,传统的实用性纸包装设计已难以满足消费者多元化的审美需求,设计者开始寻求一些个性化的美学元素并将其融入纸包装设计中,以拉近与消费者的情感距离,提升包装的美感.水彩作为一种清新自然的美术元素,可以被应用于纸包装设计,增强包装的纹理艺术与意境美感,带给人清新温情的感觉,可以有效提升纸包装的市场竞争力.
随着国民消费水平的不断提升,广大消费者的饮食消费品位越来越高了,其对餐饮产品的外观也提出了较高的要求.在这种"以貌取物"的背景下,纸杯作为饮品领域的代表性消费品,其设计要求逐步迎合消费者,不仅要具备实用性,而且在视觉传达方面要具有一定艺术性,以吸引消费者.
Through the analysis of the two factors including"direction change effect"and"polygon effect",the fluctuation range of the slat conveyor's instantaneous velocity was predicted,and further verified by the actual measured data.By analying the effects of instantaneous velocity fluctuation of slat conveyor on paper rolls,the conclusion was drawn that the instantaneous velocity fluctuation rate exceeded 30％,and paper damage could not be completely eliminated.
随着商品经济的发展,纸包装因其方便、快捷、轻便、可塑性强、环保等优势成为了包装设计的主流趋势.可以在纸包装上增添文字和图形作为装饰,起到修饰作用以及传达产品信息和宣传产品的作用.我国文字历经了甲骨文、金文(或称铭文、钟鼎文)、大篆、小篆、隶书、草书、楷书、行书等形态的发展历程,并在发展过程中演变成了我国独有的书法艺术.
艺术是社会文明的重要标志,随着社会文明程度的不断提高,人们的艺术审美水平也在不断提高,这体现在人们日常生活的方方面面,产品包装作为吸引消费者第一眼注意力的关键要素,会直接影响人类的购物欲望与行为,塑造消费者对商品乃至整个企业的重要印象,因此企业与商家十分重视产品的包装设计,希望利用新颖而充满创意的包装设计达到产品宣传和形象塑造的目的,起到吸引、劝诱消费者的作用.
The absorption,permeation property,initial adhesion and adhesion strength of the cigarette tip adhesives on the surface of the tipping pa-per were studied using dynamic contact angle method,dynamic permeability method,inclined rolling ball method and 90° peeling strength test method based on the comparative analysis of the performance of the cigarette tip adhesives.The results showed that the dynamic contact angle and dynamic permeability of the adhesives on the non-printed surface of the tipping paper varied greatly compared to water,while the absorption rate of the high viscosity adhesive on the porous non-printed surface of the tipping paper was low,and the dynamic permeability characteristic parameters tmax and t95 of high solid content adhesive were relatively small.The opening time of the adhesive application had an impact on the initial adhesion and final adhesion strength.As the opening time of the adhesive application increased,the initial adhesion showed a trend of first increasing and then de-creasing due to the absorption of the adhesive on the surface of the tipping paper.This meant that there was an opening time window for the maximum initial adhesion.Sealing below this time point would not affect the adhesive strength,but sealing above this time point might lead to poor adhesion.
This paper reviewed the application research of nanocellulose in drug delivery systems,and introduced the preparation methods of nanocellulose and the factors affecting its performance.The properties of nanocellulose and its mechanism of action in drug loading,drug slow release and targeted drug delivery were described in detail.At the same time,the challenges faced by nanocellulose in the aspects of biosafety,industrial production and scale application were discussed.The future application of nanocellulose was aslo prospected.
In this paper,the main characteristics of China's paper and paper products industry's greenhouse gas emissions were ex-amined,and the technological path to reduce its carbon potential was analyzed from the perspective of the greenhouse gas emissions accounting methodology of China's paper and paper products manufacturing enterprises.The results showed that the sources of car-bon emissions in the industry were mainly fossil fuel combustion emissions,as well as emissions generated by net purchased electric-ity or heat.The key means of reducing carbon emissions from the industry was orderly alternative fuel use and optimization of the energy mix.
Using polyacrylonitrile-based short carbon fiber as the raw material,the carbon fiber paper(referred to as carbon paper)base pa-per was prepared by wet forming process,the surface morphology,chemical structure and element valence of carbon fiber under different treatment conditions were characterized by modern analytical instruments.The dispersion of carbon fiber under different treatment condi-tions and the uniformity of the prepared carbon paper base paper were observed,and the optimum condition for high-temperature air oxida-tion treatment was studied.The results showed that after high-temperature air oxidation treatment,the content of oxygen element and oxygen-containing functional group on the surface of carbon fiber significantly increased,the dispersion of carbon fiber in water was obviously en-hanced,and the uniformity of the carbon paper base paper was significantly improved with the variation coefficient of resistivity decreased from 0.22 to 0.05.The best treatment condition of high-temperature air oxidation modified carbon fiber was at 500 ℃ for 2 h.
传统陶瓷装饰是中国优秀传统文化的精髓之一,其独特的造型和精致的工艺一直以来都备受赞赏.然而,随着时代的变迁,人们对陶瓷装饰的需求也在不断演变.因此,如何将传统陶瓷装饰与现代审美需求相结合,成为了当前陶瓷工艺研究的重要课题.
In this study,the concentration of malodorous gases was detected by pumping gas detector,the effects of wet-end white water dos-age,starch concentration,and Na2SO4 concentration on the release of malodorous gases in the reuse process of waste paper fiber were investi-gated.The results showed that the release of total volatile organic compounds(TVOC),H2S and NH3 was almost 0,respectively,when the dosage of wet-end white water was 0.Meanwhile the dosage of wet-end white water was increased,it would result in a significant increase in the release of malodorous gases in the pulp,which proofed that the proliferation of microorganisms was one of the main factors affecting the release of malodorous gases.With the increase of starch concentration,the release of H2S and NH3 increased obviously,but the release of TVOC was basically the same as that without starch.The production of TVOC,H2S and NH3 in the plup was promoted by Na2SO4,and the re-lease of malodorous gases increased significantly,with the increase of Na2SO4 concentration in the plup.
In this paper,the research progresses in the preparation of cellulose-based filler reinforced thermoplastic composites at home and abroad in terms of filler modification technology,molding process and practical application of the composites were reviewed.The article intro-duced modification methods and preparation processes that affected the properties of cellulose-based filler reinforced PBS degradable composites.The effects of chemical modification of cellulose-based filler and the addition of coupling agents on the modification performance of composite ma-terials were discussed,and the development trend of preparation technology of cellulose-based PBS composite materials was further prospected.
In this study,fiber measuring instrument,scanning electron microscope and fourier transform infrared spectrometer were used to ana-lyze the paper raw materials and production process of Xingkai Ying Lian in the collection of Zhangye Minle County Museum.The results showed that the paper raw material was composed of hemp pulp and leather pulp.Potassium Carbonate and Calcium Carbonate were added during cook-ing,and kaolin was added during papermaking.The production process was coated,dyed,and silver sprinkled.
我国的造纸文化源远流长,纸材文化地位独特.近年来,随着文创产业的蓬勃发展,纸工艺产品逐渐受到市场青睐,如何对纸品进行艺术加工并取得良好的艺术效果,成为了设计人员需要重点研究的课题.基于上述背景,本文结合《纸品创意与设计》一书,结合纸品特性就纸品艺术设计展开探索,以期为纸品设计的相关实践提供理论参考.
To explore the optimal compression ratio of paper-based friction materials,the effect of compression ratio on the mechanical prop-erties of paper-based friction materials during hot pressing was studied.The effect of temperature and compression ratio on the compressive resilience of paper-based friction materials in air medium and transmission oil medium were discussed in this study.The results showed that the paper-based friction material had the best pore structure and mechanical properties when the compression ratio was 40％.The sample po-rosity was 55.3％,the pore size was evenly distributed with the average pore size was 1.91 μm,the hardness was 98 HRR,the average ki-netic friction coefficient was 0.117,the shear strength was 3.6 MPa,and the thermal mechanical properties were stable.In the same medi-um,the increase of compression ratio could improve the compressive resilience and decrease the permanent deformation rate of paper-based friction materials,while the increase of temperature leaded to the decrease of compressive resilience and increase of permanent deformation rate.In the transmission oil medium,the compressive resilience of the sample was more stable than that in the air medium.
设计说明::本款封套设计灵感来源于侨都的特色文化,选取了江门比较有特色的建筑——碉楼、粤剧人物和新会葵扇作为主题元素进行创作,将这些元素有效的融合在一起,形成极具江门地域文化特色的图文信息.该封套包装采用纸质材料印刷后在产品上形成封套,应用范围广,实用性强,是一款既能突出地域特色又能广泛应用的包装设计.
In this study,the effects of MgO substitution ratio for NaOH and bleaching time on the carbohydrates and lignin content and properties of poplar CTMP were investigated.The results showed that the carbohydrates and lignin in poplar CTMP would be dissolved quickly in the early stage of bleaching,and slowly in the later stage of bleaching.With the substitution ratio of NaOH with MgO increased,the bleaching yield of the poplar CTMP and the content of carbohydrates and lignin in the bleached pulp increased significantly.Compared to the control sample(NaOH as the alkali source),when the MgO substitution ratio for NaOH was 75％,and bleaching time was 90 min,respectively,the contents of holocellu-lose and lignin in the bleached pulp reached 67.60％and 23.09％,respectively.Moreover,the bulk reached 2.21 cm3/g from 2.09 cm3/g with an increase of 5.74％,and the brightness decreased slightly.Meanwhile,the tensile index and tear index were 40.6 N·m/g and 3.47 mN·m2/g with a decrease of 14.16％and 14.32％,respectively.
剪纸艺术是中华传统文化的重要组成部分,也是中国最古老的民间艺术之一.吉祥图案起源于古代民间,是劳动人民为了表达美好的愿望和情感而创作的艺术形式.在商品经济激烈竞争环境下,包装设计越来越受企业重视了.在纸包装设计中应用剪纸艺术吉祥图案,不仅可以增加产品的文化价值,还可以传承和弘扬传统文化,达到融汇共生的效果.
