Acta PaediatricaVolume 80, Issue 5 p. 551-552 Mercury Vapor Poisoning Associated with Hyperthyroidism in a Child T. Karpathios, T. Karpathios 2nd Department of Paediatrics, and Department of Endocrinology, “A. & P. Kyriakou” Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece.Search for more papers by this authorA. Zervoudakis, A. Zervoudakis 2nd Department of Paediatrics, and Department of Endocrinology, “A. & P. Kyriakou” Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece.Search for more papers by this authorC. Theodoridis, C. Theodoridis 2nd Department of Paediatrics, and Department of Endocrinology, “A. & P. Kyriakou” Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece.Search for more papers by this authorP. Vlachos, P. Vlachos 2nd Department of Paediatrics, and Department of Endocrinology, “A. & P. Kyriakou” Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece.Search for more papers by this authorE. Apostolopoulou, E. Apostolopoulou 2nd Department of Paediatrics, and Department of Endocrinology, “A. & P. Kyriakou” Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece.Search for more papers by this authorA. Fretzayas, A. Fretzayas 2nd Department of Paediatrics, and Department of Endocrinology, “A. & P. Kyriakou” Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece.Search for more papers by this author T. Karpathios, T. Karpathios 2nd Department of Paediatrics, and Department of Endocrinology, “A. & P. Kyriakou” Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece.Search for more papers by this authorA. Zervoudakis, A. Zervoudakis 2nd Department of Paediatrics, and Department of Endocrinology, “A. & P. Kyriakou” Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece.Search for more papers by this authorC. Theodoridis, C. Theodoridis 2nd Department of Paediatrics, and Department of Endocrinology, “A. & P. Kyriakou” Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece.Search for more papers by this authorP. Vlachos, P. Vlachos 2nd Department of Paediatrics, and Department of Endocrinology, “A. & P. Kyriakou” Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece.Search for more papers by this authorE. Apostolopoulou, E. Apostolopoulou 2nd Department of Paediatrics, and Department of Endocrinology, “A. & P. Kyriakou” Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece.Search for more papers by this authorA. Fretzayas, A. Fretzayas 2nd Department of Paediatrics, and Department of Endocrinology, “A. & P. Kyriakou” Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece.Search for more papers by this author First published: May 1991 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.1991.tb11903.xCitations: 10AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article.Citing Literature Volume80, Issue5May 1991Pages 551-552 RelatedInformation
ABSTRACT. Pemphigus vulgaris is extremely rare in childhood. Only 35 cases of juvenile pemphigus vulgaris have been reported in the literature up until to now. During the pre‐steroid era, the outcome of the disease was usually regarded as fatal. Today, the prognosis has improved because of the possibility of early diagnosis by immunoflourescent techniques, determination of antibodies against epidermal intercellular substance and early therapy with systemic steroids. A case of juvenile pemphigus vulgaris with a favourable outcome in a 13‐year old girl is described.
Acta PaediatricaVolume 80, Issue 6-7 p. 738-739 Neutopaenia in a Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Infected WLBW Infant Adriana Avanzini, Adriana Avanzini Divisione di Pediatria e Patologia Neonatale, Ospedale “G. Fornaroli”, via Donatore di sangue, 20013 Magenta (Milano), Italy.Search for more papers by this authorTito Colombo, Tito Colombo Divisione di Pediatria e Patologia Neonatale, Ospedale “G. Fornaroli”, via Donatore di sangue, 20013 Magenta (Milano), Italy.Search for more papers by this authorSilvano Santucci, Silvano Santucci Divisione di Pediatria e Patologia Neonatale, Ospedale “G. Fornaroli”, via Donatore di sangue, 20013 Magenta (Milano), Italy.Search for more papers by this author Adriana Avanzini, Adriana Avanzini Divisione di Pediatria e Patologia Neonatale, Ospedale “G. Fornaroli”, via Donatore di sangue, 20013 Magenta (Milano), Italy.Search for more papers by this authorTito Colombo, Tito Colombo Divisione di Pediatria e Patologia Neonatale, Ospedale “G. Fornaroli”, via Donatore di sangue, 20013 Magenta (Milano), Italy.Search for more papers by this authorSilvano Santucci, Silvano Santucci Divisione di Pediatria e Patologia Neonatale, Ospedale “G. Fornaroli”, via Donatore di sangue, 20013 Magenta (Milano), Italy.Search for more papers by this author First published: June 1991 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.1991.tb11940.xCitations: 3AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article.Citing Literature Volume80, Issue6-7June 1991Pages 738-739 RelatedInformation
In children with myelodysplasia and a low lumbar or sacral level of spinal cord lesions detrusor hyperactivity with pressure fluctuations is an almost constant phenomenon contributing to incontinence. In thirteen children with this type of dysfunction the effect of adrenergic agonists and antagonists on bladder and urethral pressures were studied by means of intravesical and urethral pressure recordings during the normal bladder-filling phase. Intravenous infusion of noradrenaline during the bladder-filling phase slightly reduced detrusor hyperactivity and the urethral pressure was increased. Following i.m. injection of the alpha-adrenergic antagonist phentolamine both the intravesical and proximal urethral pressures were reduced to about the same extent and the detrusor hyperactivity decreased. It is concluded that noradrenaline mainly changed urethral pressure while alpha-adrenergic blockade caused decreased tone in both the detrusor and the urethra as well as decreased detrusor hyperactivity.
ABSTRACT. Some 3500 adolescents answered a questionnaire anonymously. The sample represented 85 % of the students between the ages 13 to 16 and 65 % of the students between 17 to 18 in the three communities studied. The students all had middle class backgrounds. Self‐reported illness differed considerably from data found in epidemiological surveys. The self‐reported medical panorama was dominated by concerns about acne, tiredness, headaches, stomach pains, sports injuries and allergic disorders. One quarter to one third of the students reported such problems. Overall, 85% of the students reported that they were “completely healthy”, at the same time as they also reported an average of 3.1 medical complaints. Self‐initiated appointments with physicians were reported with an average of 5.5 during the last year, which is high. About 40% of the students had one complaint for which they wanted to see a physician. About 15% reported that they had had suicidal thoughts.
ABSTRACT. Gastrointestinal manifestations of Henoch‐Schönlein purpura (HSP) commonly include abdominal pain and gastrointestinal bleeding. Hypoproteinemia and edema could be related to renal involvement. We report a 14‐year‐old boy with classical features of HSP manifestated with edema due to severe intestinal protein loss, measured by elevated fecal alpha 1 antitrypsin secretion. The protein losing enteropathy subsided with corticosteroid therapy.
ABSTRACT. The general health and nutritional status of 105 refugee children from Chile and the Middle East were examined shortly after the arrival in Stockholm. A chronic medical condition was present in 10% and there were clinical signs of canes in 57% of the children. Iron deficiency was found in 15% of Chileans and 6% of Middle Easterners, but no other nutritional deficiencies were discovered. Stunting and wasting was rare and a significant catch‐up growth was observed in both groups in a follow‐up 18 months after resettlement. Obesity was common in the Chilean group on arrival in Sweden and increased further after resettlement. We conclude that chronic medical conditions, canes and obesity were the major somatic health problems in this sample of newly resettled refugee children.
ABSTRACT. An offspring of a class F diabetic primigravida with marginal control during the first 8 weeks of the gestation had a level II sonogram at 23 weeks. It showed polyhydramnios and “hydrocephaly”. Macrosomia, right hydroureter, megacystis and premature birth corroborated the diagnostic impression of diabetic embryopathy. At age 3 years, the child functions within the moderate range of mental retardation. Angiography, choanogram, CT and MRI scans showed unique CNS abnormalities that appeared secondary to a hamartomatous growth within the left cerebral hemisphere. Such anomaly, most likely a part of the phenotype of the diabetic embryopathy, implies a growth disturbance secondary to dysregulated paracrine growth factors (somatomedins, nerve growth factor, panregulin and/or their receptors in this case). It also indicates a possibility of interaction between two dysregulated major growth mechanisms; the endocrine in the mother considered responsible for the overall phenotype of the diabetic embryopathy/fetopathy and the paracrine fine tuning mechanism in the embryo incriminated by the hamartomatous ove/undergrowth.
Approximately 60 cases of GHRD (Laron syndrome) were reported before 1990 and half of these were from Israel. We have described 47 additional patients from an inbred population of South Ecuador and have emphasized certain clinical features including: markedly advanced osseous maturation for height age; normal body proportions in childhood but child-like proportions in adults; much greater deviation of stature than head size, giving an appearance of large cranium and small facies; underweight in childhood despite the appearance of obesity and true obesity in adulthood; blue scleras; and limited elbow extension. The Ecuadorean patients differed markedly and most importantly from the other large concentration, in Israel, by being of normal or superior intelligence, suggesting a unique linkage in the Ecuadorean population. The Ecuadorean population also differed in that those patients coming from Loja province had a markedly skewed sex ratio (19 females: 2 males), while those from El Oro province had a normal sex distribution (14 females: 12 males). The phenotypic similarity between the El Oro and Loja patients indicates that this abnormal sex distribution is not a direct result of the GHRD.
Acta PaediatricaVolume 80, Issue 6-7 p. 718-719 Incidence of Childhood Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus in Lithuania 1983-1988 Vilius Grabauskas, Vilius Grabauskas Health Research Centre, Kaunas Medical Academy, Januskeviciaus str. 4, 233007, Kaunas, Lithuania.Search for more papers by this authorBrone Urbonaite, Brone Urbonaite Diabetes Research, Laboratory, Kaunas Institute of, Endocrinology, Januskeviciaus str. 2, 233007 Kaunas, Lithuania.Search for more papers by this authorZilvinas Padaiga, Zilvinas Padaiga Department of Pediatrics, Kaunas Medical, Academy, Mickeviciaus str.9, 233000, Kaunas, Lithuania.Search for more papers by this author Vilius Grabauskas, Vilius Grabauskas Health Research Centre, Kaunas Medical Academy, Januskeviciaus str. 4, 233007, Kaunas, Lithuania.Search for more papers by this authorBrone Urbonaite, Brone Urbonaite Diabetes Research, Laboratory, Kaunas Institute of, Endocrinology, Januskeviciaus str. 2, 233007 Kaunas, Lithuania.Search for more papers by this authorZilvinas Padaiga, Zilvinas Padaiga Department of Pediatrics, Kaunas Medical, Academy, Mickeviciaus str.9, 233000, Kaunas, Lithuania.Search for more papers by this author First published: June 1991 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.1991.tb11934.xCitations: 5AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. References 1 Diabetes Epidemiology Research International Group. Geographic patterns of childhood insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Diabetes 1988; 37: 1113–19. 2 Bingley PJ, Gale EAM. Incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes in England: Study in the Oxford Region 1985–6. Br Med J 1989; 298: 558–60. 3 Rewers M, LaPorte RE, King H, Tuomilehto J. Trends in the prevalence and incidence of diabetes: insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in childhood. World Health Stat Q 1988; 41: 178–89. 4 LaPorte RE, Tajima N, Åkerblom HK et al. Geographic differences in the risk of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: the importance of registries. Diabetes Care 1985; 8: 101–07. 5 Fleegler FM, Rogers KD, Drash AL et al. Age, sex, and season of onset of juvenile diabetes in different geographic areas. Pediatrics 1979; 63: 374–79. 6 Gray RS, Duncas PL, Clarke BF. Seasonal onset of insulin dependent diabetes in relation to age, sex, and age at onset. Diabetologia 1979; 17: 29–32. 7 Dahlquist G, Gustavsson KH, Holmgren G et al. The incidence of diabetes mellitus in Swedish children 0–14 years of age. Acta Paediatr Scand 1982; 71: 7–14. 8 Åkerblom H, Reunanen A. The epidemiology of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in Finland and in Northern Europe. Diabetes Care 1985; 8: 10–16. 9 Kalits I, Podar T. Incidence and prevalence of Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes in Estonia in 1988. Diabetologia 1991; 33: 346–49. Citing Literature Volume80, Issue6-7June 1991Pages 718-719 ReferencesRelatedInformation
ABSTRACT. We observed a 7‐year‐old boy with virtual absence of renal tubular glucose reabsorption (type O renal glucosuria). Glucose titration studies in his family revealed severe type A renal glucosuria in a younger brother, a mild type A defect in the mother and normal glucose reabsorption in the father; thus a spectrum of renal glucose transport defects was observed in members of the same family.
The possible benefits and disadvantages to the older infant of breast-feeding being continued after the introduction of solid foods are reviewed. The limited evidence from industrialised countries suggests that prolonged partial breast-feeding has little influence on child health and growth. In contrast, in poor areas of the developing world, the continuation of breast-feeding for 1-2 years after the introduction of other foods appears to have several major benefits. These include the supply of nutrients, the delivery of protective, digestive and trophic agents, and extending the period of infertility in the mother. Partial breast-feeding after 6 months is associated with reduced severity of infectious diseases particularly in severely malnourished individuals. There is no evidence that partial breast-feeding plays a causal role in poor growth performance. In poor areas of the developing world, breast-feeding, together with the provision of adequate amounts of other foods, should be encouraged for the first two years of life.
ABSTRACT. To determine the incidence, clinical significance and etiology of acute diarrhoea in early childhood, a cohort of 336 children were followed from birth to the age of 24–32 (mean 26) months. More than half (55%) of the children had no diarrhoea, 26% had one episode and 19% had two or more episodes of diarrhoea during follow‐up; altogether 248 episodes of diarrhoea were detected. Rotavirus was by far the most common (26%) identified pathogen; adenoviruses were detected in 4 % and bacterial pathogens (EPEC, Salmonellae, Yersiniae) in 4% of the cases. Two thirds of the episodes remained etiologically unresolved. Rotavirus diarrhoea was significantly more severe than diarrhoea due to other causes; 75% of severe episodes of diarrhoea were associated with rotavirus. About two thirds of the infants were breast‐fed over 6 months; breast‐feeding for less than 6 months was associated with a higher incidence of rotavirus diarrhoea between 7–12 months of age but not thereafter. About three quarters of the children were cared for at home beyond 12 months of age; those at home had a lower rate of rotavirus diarrhoea than those at day‐care centers.
Well‐controlled, comparative studies suggest that in “food rich” or “resource rich” environments, ethnic minority status is not an independent risk factor for malnutrition. In England, Australia, and the United States, nutrient intake, nutritional status measures and growth are comparable between children of ethnic minorities and non‐minority children of similar economic status. Children of recent immigrants are an exception to this generalization, suggesting that recent arrival in a new environment is a risk factor for malnutrition. Family‐level studies of intraethnic diversity are required to develop more sensitive and specific profiles of risk factors for malnutrition.
As part of a prospective study of children with bacterial meningitis we analyzed in 36 patients of our hospital the fluid balance on admission and during the first three days of treatment. On admission 10 of them (28%) had inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion SIADH, 10 (28%) hypo-osmolal and 10 (28%) iso-osmolal contraction. Six patients (17%) had no clear fluid disorder. The patients with SIADH had significantly lower mean serum NA+ (127 vs. 132 mEq/l, p less than 0.01) and higher mean urine Na+ (111 vs. 26 mEq/l, p less than 0.01) concentration as well as higher mean urinary Na+/K+ ratio (2.23 vs. 0.365, p less than 0.005) than the patients with hypo-osmolal contraction. They also tended to be younger and have a shorter history of fever. The patients with SIADH had a less strict fluid restriction than the patients with hypo-osmolal contraction, and their fluid balance normalized more slowly. Our findings support initial water restriction for all children with bacterial meningitis.
Acta PaediatricaVolume 80, Issue 10 p. 988-990 Intestinal Absorption of D (+) Xylose in Newborns M. Baldassarre, Corresponding Author M. Baldassarre Institute of Clinical and Preventive Pediatrics(F.T.) Kehribar sok. No: 9/14, Mesa Ufuk sitesi 2, 06700, Çankaya-Ankara, TurkeySearch for more papers by this authorA. Mautone, A. Mautone Chair of Neonatology, University of Bari, Bari, ItalySearch for more papers by this authorF. Indrio, F. Indrio Institute of Clinical and Preventive PediatricsSearch for more papers by this authorG. Benedetti, G. Benedetti Institute of Clinical and Preventive PediatricsSearch for more papers by this authorL. Cavallo, L. Cavallo Institute of Clinical and Preventive PediatricsSearch for more papers by this authorF. Tanzer, Corresponding Author F. Tanzer Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas-Turkey(F.T.) Kehribar sok. No: 9/14, Mesa Ufuk sitesi 2, 06700, Çankaya-Ankara, TurkeySearch for more papers by this author M. Baldassarre, Corresponding Author M. Baldassarre Institute of Clinical and Preventive Pediatrics(F.T.) Kehribar sok. No: 9/14, Mesa Ufuk sitesi 2, 06700, Çankaya-Ankara, TurkeySearch for more papers by this authorA. Mautone, A. Mautone Chair of Neonatology, University of Bari, Bari, ItalySearch for more papers by this authorF. Indrio, F. Indrio Institute of Clinical and Preventive PediatricsSearch for more papers by this authorG. Benedetti, G. Benedetti Institute of Clinical and Preventive PediatricsSearch for more papers by this authorL. Cavallo, L. Cavallo Institute of Clinical and Preventive PediatricsSearch for more papers by this authorF. Tanzer, Corresponding Author F. Tanzer Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas-Turkey(F.T.) Kehribar sok. No: 9/14, Mesa Ufuk sitesi 2, 06700, Çankaya-Ankara, TurkeySearch for more papers by this author First published: October 1991 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.1991.tb11770.xAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Volume80, Issue10October 1991Pages 988-990 RelatedInformation
Protein energy malnutrition (PEM) during early childhood is very often associated with edema. In fact, the well‐known Wellcome classification of PEM from 1970 is based upon the reduction in weight in relation to age and whether edema is present or absent. In this presentation our knowledge of the disturbance in fluid and electrolyte homeostasis as seen in PEM will be reviewed. The implication of this disturbance for the treatment of acute dehydration in children with PEM will also be discussed.A balanced fluid and salt homeostasis is the prerequisite of physiological compartment volumes and efficient nutritional supply. Under physiological conditions water requirement is related to the requirement of salt at the same time as water balance is regulated by antidiuretic hormone.
Abstract: Rapp‐Hodgkin syndrome is an uncommon, autosomai dominant condition characterized by distinctive craniofacial anomalies, cleft lip or palate, poor dentition, poor hair growth, dystrophic nails, and hypohidrosis, and hypospadias in boys. Since the originai report in 1966, fewer than 20 other patients have been described. We report a new sporadic case, a 12‐year‐oid boy who had erythrodermia and scaling skin at birth, and later developed most of the symptoms and findings previously described.
ABSTRACT. Farmer's lung is a rural disease, caused by inhalation of airborne moulds and actinomycetes in the environment (farms). We describe to our knowledge the first case of farmer's long in an 11‐year‐old girl briefly exposed to Thermophilic actinomycetes at a riding‐school.
Studies in children fed alternative diets showed that anthropometric parameters and the intake of energy and nutrients by macrobiotic children deviated most from current norms. Therefore weaning practice, growth and haematological status were investigated in 3 age‐cohorts of macrobiotic fed infants between 4 and 18 months of age and a control group. A mixed longitudinal design was used for this study. Main findings were a growth retardation which was strongest in the second cohort (8–14 months of age) and related to a diet low in energy density, fat and protein. Haematological data revealed very low vitamin B12 concentrations with consequently low values of haematocrit and red blood cell count and higher values of mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular haemaglobin mass in the macrobiotic group. High folate concentrations also seemed to be a consequence of Vitamin B12 deficiency. Iron deficiency was found in 15% of the macrobiotic group vs. no infants in the control group. Nutritional recommendations acceptable within the macrobiotic philosophy are discussed.
