综述了近年来疏水缔合聚合物聚合方法研究进展,介绍了疏水缔和聚合物分子结构对溶液性能影响,包括疏水基团类型、含量和分布,以及分子质量和离子基团的影响,探讨了油藏聚驱开发对聚合物性能的需求,对未来的研究方向进行了展望.
以烯丙基封端脂肪醇醚(EO=7,AEO7A)为原料,通过 SO3 膜式磺化、NaOH 中和、130℃水解 3h制备了醇醚磺酸盐(EO=7,AE7SO),提纯后最终产物活性物质量分数大于 90％,并通过红外光谱表征了产物结构.对 AE7SO的物化性能(平衡表面张力和动态表面张力)及应用性能进行了测试,并与 AEO7A 进行了对比.结果表明:AE7SO的临界胶束浓度(cmc)及对应的表面张力(γcmc)均高于 AEO7A;对于动态表面张力,AE7SO的起始表面张力低于 AEO7A,并且下降速度缓慢;AE7SO 的泡沫性能,耐盐耐碱性能优于 AEO7A;AEO7A的乳化性能,润湿性能优于 AE7SO.
针对鄂热多斯某低渗油田水平井对堵剂特殊要求,通过对不同稀释剂、增韧剂和固化剂、促进剂复配组合配方探讨,筛选了一种高柔韧性、黏结性能和初凝时间等性能适合于该油田水平井的理想堵剂,其优化配方为:添加树脂质量 10%的稀释剂 669、8%的增韧剂 678 以及固化剂促进剂 GA-1.在该条件下树脂堵剂性能指标:25℃黏度为 1 220 mPa·s,剪切强度为 17.4 MPa.50℃黏度为 275 mPa·s,剪切强度为 18.7 MPa,固化时间 5h;明堵剂耐盐性能良好.现场应用效果表明,该堵剂堵水效果良好,增产效果明显.
以丙烯酰胺(AM)、2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸(AMPS)、N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮(NVP)、二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(DMDAAC)为共聚单体,过硫酸铵与亚硫酸氢钠(摩尔比为 1∶1)为引发剂,通过自由基水溶液聚合制备了一种抗高温聚合物降滤失剂CQ-1.利用 FT-IR、1 H NMR 及热重分析对 CQ-1 的结构和热稳定性进行了表征,并通过单因素实验优化了降滤失剂的合成条件.实验结果表明,优化反应条件为:n(AM)∶n(AMPS)∶n(NVP)∶n(DMDAAC)=70∶20∶2∶8,单体总质量分数为 20%,引发剂质量分数为 0.5%,反应温度 55℃,反应时间 5h.在此条件下,CQ-1 抗温达 240℃,在质量分数为 1%时,240℃老化后钻进液中压滤失量为 16.2 mL,180℃高温高压滤失量为 48.8 mL,优于Driscal D、Dristemp等同类产品.
针对温北油田油气井水泥石高收缩、高脆性带来的固井质量问题,制备了一种油井水泥复合型膨胀增韧剂(代号EF35),并利用该剂开发了一套适用于温北油田油层套管固井的膨胀增韧型水泥浆体系.实验结果表明:EF35 的膨胀率达 1.5%,弹性模量降到 7 GPa;水泥浆的可混拌性与流变性良好,各性能指标均满足现场施工要求.经温北油田 7 口井的现场检验,一、二界面的固井质量合格率均达到 100%,平均优质率达 94.52%.
A novel extract solution has been developed to solve the critical emulsification and sampling issues of the extraction solution in the SY/T 0536—2008 method for oil product mixing and layering. The new extract solution consists mainly of a water-isopropanol mixture with a volume ratio of 3∶1 as its primary component and contains 20-30 mg/L polyoxyethylene aliphatic ether with a low degree of polyoxyethylene octadecanol ether, as well as 0.1 mol/L sodium acetate, with a pH range of 8.5 to 8.9. This work experimentally demonstrated the extract solution’s remarkable adaptability to oil products, effectively resolving oil-water mixed centrifugal emulsification and producing a clearly defined two-phase layered interface. The current method is well-suited for salt content detection of oil products via microcoulometry and ion chromatography.
Using AM,AA,AMPS and C18MPS as raw materials,ammonia as neutralizing reagent,and in the presence of redox initiators,a multifunctional variable viscosity slick-water thickener（MHVFRs） was prepared by inverseemulsion polymerization and vacuum distillation process.The optimized preparation conditions were:the mass fraction of each component was 2.2% Span80,0.6% Tween 81,40% monomer concentration,0.1% C18MPS and reaction for 5.5 h at 35℃.The resistance reduction rate of 0.025% MHVFRs is72.5%.The temperature-resistant and shear-resistant experiments showed that the viscosity of 0.75% MHVFRs aqueous solution can remained above 65 mPa·s after sheared at a rate of 170 s -1 at 100℃ for 2 h.The surface tension of the glue breaking liquid is 26.55 mN/m,interfacial tension 2.11 mN/m,antiswelling rate of 88.5%.
介绍了脂肽类生物表面活性剂的结构、性能及生物合成方法,叙述了通过筛选高产脂肽类表面活性剂菌株、培养条件优化和基因改造等手段提高产物发酵产量的进展情况,论证了产量提升带来的工业化应用可行性.
A magnetic graphene sponge composite material（PDMS/GO-Fe 3 O 4 ） with magnetic graphene（GO） micro nano graded rough structure was designed and prepared using porous polydimethylsiloxane（PDMS） as the matrix, its structure was characterized. The experimental results showed that the separation efficiency reached still over 90% after the adsorption/separation cycles of n-hexane emulsified oil for 6 times. The compressive stress-strain test showed that it could withstand the stress of 34 kPa under 60% compressive strain, and its properties remained basically unchanged after 15 cycles of compression, with good elastic and mechanical strength.
In order to solve the problems of insufficient long-term effect and low strength of traditional high-temperature gel plugging agents, the high-temperature gel plugging agent system was determined according to the type and concentration of the main agent, cross-linking agent, promoter, and deoxidizer, etc. The sodium lignosulfonate gel plugging agent system was characterized and analyzed using scanning electron microscopy（SEM） and thermogravimetry（TGA）. The experimental results show that the optimal formula of the high-temperature gel plugging agent system contains 8% main agent sodium lignosulfonate concentration, 3.5% cross-linking agent JL, 3% accelerator CJ, and 0.3% deoxidizer. When the pH of the system is 8-10 and the temperature is 120-180 ℃, the gel strength can reach grade I. SEM and TGA test results show that the sodium lignosulfonate gel plugging agent system has high bonding strength and temperature resistance up to 250 ℃, which belongs to crosslinked polymer gel.
2,6-Di-tert-butyl-4-phenyl-methyl-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1-one（QM-ph） was synthesized using 2, 6-di-tert-butylphenol and benzaldehyde as raw materials and piperidine as catalyst in a continuous flow microchannel reaction, and the polymerization inhibition effect was evaluated. The results show that the yield reaches 96.4% at optimize reaction condition: n（2,6-di-tert-butylphenol）∶n（benzaldehyde）∶n（piperidine）=1∶1.1∶1.05, stay at 120 ℃ for 30 min to obtain intermediate products, and m（formic acid solution）∶m（intermediate products）=1∶2.5 to obtain the final product, the polymerization inhibitory effect of QM-ph is better than that of DNBP. Compared with the traditional kettle batch reaction, the continuous flow microchannel method reduces the amount of piperidine, shortens the reaction time and improves the product yield.
In order to obtain corrosion inhibitors with good compatibility suitable for offshore oil fields,the compatibility of alkyl imidazoline PC-CI-LP1 and pyridine quaternary ammonium salt PC-CI-LP2 commonly used in oil fields,with demulsifier TPR-100,water cleaning agent TPQ-202 and scale inhibitor HPF-80 was studied.According to the actual field working conditions in the field,the compatibility and interaction between the two corrosion inhibitors and other agents were studied by using the standard experimental method of the oilfield industry.The results showed that the compatibility of pyridine quaternary ammonium salt PC-CI-LP2with other oil and water treatment agents is better than that of alkyl imidazoline PC-CI-LP1.
The influence of 150BS base oil on the detergency performance of diesel engine oil was investigated by crankcase simulation test. The structure of diesel engine oil were characterized by 13 C NMR and GPC. The results showed that when 1% 150BS base oil was added, the detergency of the sample was the best, while 5% 150BS base oil was added, it was the worst. Compared to the Group Ⅱ base oil used in diesel engine oils, the 150BS base oils has a larger molecular size. The spatial steric hindrance effect of low content 150BS base oil reduced the probability of free radical collision and binding in the engine oil components, thereby improving the detergency of diesel engine oil. However, the high content of 150BS base oil not only suppressed the probability of free radical collision in the engine oil components due to the steric hindrance effect, but also generated more free radicals, which actually increased the probability of free radical collision and binding, resulting in poor detergency of diesel engine oil.
The gas generating mechanism of several existing types of gas generating agents such as self-generated CO 2 , self-generated N 2 , self-generated mixed gas, and peroxide systems were analyzed. The results indicate that the self-generated mixed gas system has multiple gas drive effects and a large gas production rate, which has great application prospects. A survey was conducted on the current research and application status of self-generated gas systems in improving oil recovery, such as gas flooding, profile control flooding, stimulation and injection, and drainage gas recovery. The results of indoor research and on-site application have confirmed that the self-generated gas system combines the effects of traditional gas flooding, can maximize the improvement of reservoir blockage, and is safe and controllable. The construction process is relatively simple, and has very broad application prospects. It is pointed out that the gas generating agents will focus on three aspects in the future: increasing the gas generating rate of the agents, reducing the cost of gas generating agents, and controlling the gas generating rate.
The research progress in the blending modification of polyphenylene sulfide（PPS） were reviewed. This article briefly describes the changes in the properties of PPS when PPS blends with polymers, nanomaterials, and other substances, explains the effects of different materials on the properties of PPS, and points out the application and modification directions of PPS. In addition, the development trend of PPS blending modification is also reviewed.
Based on the high temperature reservoir conditions in Bohai Sea, a temperature resistant gel system TRP was optimized through static experiments, and the plugging performance of the gel system was evaluated by core displacement experiments. The research results show that the TRP gel system has good gelling strength and thermal stability, and can maintain stability after aging at 110 ℃ for 90 d; TRP gel system has good profile improvement ability in porous media, and can effectively start the low permeability layer under the condition of permeability difference of 20. The oil recovery is increased by 13.9% under the condition of 110 ℃ indoor core displacement experiment; The TRP gel system has good deep migration ability, and can realize point by point pressure build-up in long core displacement experiments, maintaining good plugging performance in deep core. The TRP gel system was used to implement profile control operation in Well Cluster A of a high-temperature reservoir in Bohai Sea. The operation validity period exceeded 8 months, and the cumulative oil increase exceeded 9 000 m~3. The research results of this article can provide reference for profile control operations in similar reservoirs.
A 0.5% mass fraction graphene system was used as the research object,and a modified graphene particle sealing technology was formed by optimizing the suspension agent.The sealing performance of modified graphene was evaluated through physical model experiments,and the sealing mechanism was clarified through microscopic analysis.The experimental results show that the developed graphene particle plugging agent has an increase in expansion rate with increasing temperature,and the expansion rate reaches 10-25 times under 300℃.When the suspension concentration is 0.15%,the water evolution rate of the modified graphene sealing system is less than 5 %,and the sealing rate is greater than 97% at different permeabilities.After field application,steam injection pressure is 1.5-2.4 MPa,the effective period of steam stimulation is extended by 30-50 d,and the oil production is significantly increased by 1 066 t.
Four different preparation methods of Fe 3 O 4 are summerized, the advantages and disadvantages of each method are analyzed and compared, and the prospect of the preparation of Fe 3 O 4 is proposed in this paper. The relevant influencing factors of Fe 3 O 4 in the field of oily wastewater treatment are analyzed, with a focus on the effects of reaction time, temperature, external magnetic field intensity and stirring intensity on the oil removal effect of Fe 3 O 4 . The large-scale application of Fe 3 O 4 in oily wastewater treatment in the future is reviewed.
In order to improve the hydrogen production rate and heat utilization rate of methanol reforming hydrogen production, taking methanol steam reforming hydrogen production as the research object, a hydrogen production process combining methanol steam reforming and waste heat cycle is proposed using Aspen Plus simulation software. Using CaO as the CO 2 adsorbent, the thermodynamic analysis of the hydrogen production system of methanol steam reforming with enhanced adsorption coupled waste heat cycle was carried out. and the influence of pressure, temperature, n（H 2 O）/n（CH 3 OH）, and n（CaO）/n（CH 3 OH） on the reforming gas was analyzed from the comprehensive consideration of single and double factors, so as to determine the optimal operating parameters. The results show that the optimal reaction temperature is 230-250 ℃, the pressure is 100-200 kPa, n（H 2 O）/n（CH 3 OH） is 1.3, n（CaO）/n（CH 3 OH） is 0.8; compared with the conventional system, the heat utilization rate of the methanol steam reforming hydrogen production process coupled with the waste heat cycle is significantly improved, the hydrogen production rate is increased by 4.37%, the methanol conversion rate is increased by 5.42%, and the carbon dioxide content is reduced by 42.79%. The research results can provide theoretical basis and practical optimization guidance for methanol steam reforming hydrogen production.
The catalysts and their catalytic performance for the hydrogenation of furfural to cyclopentanone were reviewed, and the advantages and disadvantages of noble metal, non-precious metal and bimetallic catalysts in this reaction were also analyzed. Precious metal catalysts have good catalytic activity and selectivity, but they are expensive and not suitable for industrial production. Although non-precious metal catalysts are cheap, their catalytic activity and selectivity are relatively poor, and there is a problem of catalyst deactivation. The bimetallic catalysts not only have good catalytic activity, selectivity and stability, but also the preparation of the catalyst is relatively simple and the cost is low.
