پژوهشنامه علم سنجی

Purpose: Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), presented by the United Nations, address social, economic, and environmental challenges. It is essential for all sectors of society to focus on the goals that are defined for them. As a vital part of society, universities have the potential to play a significant role in this effort and should dedicate some of their educational and research activities to these issues.The purpose of this research is to examine the correlation between the responsiveness and contributions of the world’s universities in addressing the challenges facing humanity, based on their scientific output in the field of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and their rankings in reputable global ranking systems. To achieve this goal, universities identified as high-ranking in terms of scientific productivity—based on data extracted from the Web of Science database—were selected and compared according to their positions in global ranking systems.Methodology: This study employs a quantitative research design utilizing a scientometric approach. The research population comprises all universities that have published scientific documents related to the 16 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), totaling 3,907 institutions. After a screening process aligned with the research objectives, 1,798 universities were selected for analysis. Data preparation was conducted using Microsoft Excel and Access software, with a substantial portion of the process, including data standardization, performed manually by the researcher. The IBM SPSS software package was used to analyze the data. The degree of correlation was assessed using Kendall's tau-b test.Findings: The research findings indicate that Harvard University was recognized as the most productive university in terms of scientific output related to Goals 1 (No Poverty), 3 (Good Health and Well-being), 5 (Gender Equality), 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth), 10 (Reduced Inequalities), and 16 (Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions). The University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences achieved first place in scientific output related to Goals 6 (Clean Water and Sanitation), 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy), 13 (Climate Action), and 15 (Life on Land). After that, Tsinghua University was recognized as the most productive institution in Sustainable Development Goals 9 (Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure), 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities), and 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production). Additionally, the Universities of Florida, Toronto, and Sorbonne ranked first in scientific output for Goals 2 (Zero Hunger), 4 (Quality Education), and 14 (Life Below Water), respectively. Furthermore, this research indicates that the highest number of scientific outputs related to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) has been produced by American and Chinese universities. Specifically, Chinese universities demonstrate the highest level of participation in SDGs 6, 7, 11, and 12. In contrast, for Goal 9, the participation rates of universities from both the United States and China are equal. Additionally, for the remaining goals, universities in the United States have published the largest volume of scientific publications. Examining the ranking results of universities in two global ranking systems reveals commonalities among the top institutions in the THE and Shanghai rankings. For example, both THE and Shanghai consistently rank the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in third place, while Stanford University holds the second position. Additionally, Princeton University is ranked sixth in both of these prestigious global university rankings. Furthermore, eight universities appear jointly among the top 10 in the THE and Shanghai rankings. Finally, the results of the correlation analysis, conducted at a 99% confidence interval, indicate a significant and positive correlation between the research variables. Considering that the correlation coefficients between the ranks in all SDGs and the ranks in the ranking systems range from 0.35 to 0.65, this indicates an acceptable level of correlation between them.Conclusion: Overall, the results indicate that developed countries, which allocate a higher percentage of their GDP to research and publish scientific outputs related to the Sustainable Development Goals, pave the way for a more sustainable world. Moreover, the results reveal that despite methodological differences between the two ranking systems, they exhibit a moderate correlation across all goals. However, some universities, such as the University of Florida, despite strong performance in specific goals (SDG 2 and 15), have achieved lower positions in global ranking systems. This suggests that ranking systems prioritize the overall volume of scientific output rather than the social impact and problem-oriented focus of research.

Purpose: The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) provide a global roadmap for addressing pressing environmental, social, and economic challenges. Since their introduction in 2015, the SDGs have increasingly influenced academic discourse, guiding research agendas across a wide range of disciplines. Architecture, as a multidisciplinary field that intersects with technical, environmental, social, and cultural domains, is uniquely positioned to contribute to the achievement of these goals. However, despite its potential, architecture-related journals have not been extensively examined in terms of how they engage with SDG-related content or whether such engagement translates into greater scientific impact. This study aims to address this gap by investigating the relationship between SDG-related articles and the citation performance of architecture journals indexed in Scopus. Specifically, it evaluates the extent to which SDG-oriented publications contribute to journal visibility and identifies factors influencing citation performance in this context. Methodology: This study employs citation analysis using data extracted from SciVal. A purposive sample of 115 architecture-related journals was selected from three relevant Scopus categories—Architecture, Construction & Building Technology, and Urban Studies—covering the publication period from 2021 to 2023. From these journals, a total of 98,393 documents were retrieved, of which 43,433 were identified as SDG-related based on SciVal’s automated tagging system, which utilizes machine learning and content analysis. To determine the most prevalent SDGs in architecture journals, fractional counts of articles associated with each goal were calculated. The citation performance of SDG-related and non-SDG-related articles was compared using automatic linear regression modeling, with average SJR values as the dependent variable. Additionally, generalized estimating equations (GEE) were applied to analyze repeated measures and identify the impact of various visibility factors—including the number of authors, organizational affiliations, countries, title length, and open access status—on the citation counts of SDG-tagged articles. SDG 16 (Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions) was used as the reference level for interpreting the effects of other goals. Findings: A year-by-year analysis revealed a clear upward trend in the number of SDG-related publications in architecture journals, showing a 24.67% growth from 2021 to 2022, followed by a 12.54% increase from 2022 to 2023. The results showed a strong concentration of SDG-related research focused on five goals: SDG 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities), SDG 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy), SDG 9 (Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure), SDG 13 (Climate Action), and SDG 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production). Collectively, these five goals accounted for more than 80% of all SDG-tagged articles in the selected journals. This distribution closely aligns with the central themes of architectural research and practice, particularly regarding urban sustainability, energy efficiency, and environmental resilience. The automatic linear regression analysis revealed that SDG-related articles were associated with significantly higher citation performance at the journal level compared to non-SDG articles. Notably, only the average citation counts of SDG-related articles emerged as a statistically significant predictor of the journal's SJR, whereas the citation count of non-SDG articles did not. In the GEE model, among the various article-level visibility factors, only the number of organizational affiliations had a statistically significant positive effect on the citations of SDG-related papers. Other commonly considered predictors—including open access status, number of authors, number of countries, and title length—did not show a significant influence. Notably, certain Sustainable Development Goals (e.g., SDG 11, SDG 9, and SDG 7) were strongly and positively associated with citation counts, while others (e.g., SDG 2 and SDG 5) had a negative or negligible impact. These disparities suggest thematic differences in citation potential across the goals, possibly reflecting their global relevance and accessibility to mainstream scientific discourse. Conclusion: The findings underscore the growing role of the SDGs in shaping the research landscape of architecture. Articles focusing on sustainable cities, climate change, energy, infrastructure, and consumption are not only thematically central to architectural scholarship but also demonstrate a higher citation impact. Interestingly, this citation advantage cannot be entirely explained by formal visibility factors such as the scope of collaboration or publication format. Rather, it appears to stem from the intrinsic value and urgency of the topics themselves, which are closely aligned with global challenges and attract widespread academic attention. At the same time, the study reveals significant variation in the citation impact of different SDGs, likely due to either a more localized or socially sensitive scope (e.g., poverty, hunger, or gender equality) or a lower intrinsic relevance to technical fields such as architecture. This highlights the need for more context-sensitive and localized research approaches to ensure balanced attention across all SDGs. In addition to contributing to the expanding body of literature on SDG-related scientometrics, this study provides practical insights for journal editors, policymakers, and researchers. It encourages a more strategic focus on globally relevant sustainability topics while promoting the inclusion of underrepresented goals in research agendas. Moreover, it calls for future studies to investigate disciplinary disparities, geographic gaps, and the non-academic impact of SDG research, particularly in architecture and related fields.

Purpose: Artificial intelligence (AI) has profoundly impacted the field of Library and Information Science (LIS) by transforming traditional systems of knowledge management, information services, and user interactions. As AI technologies rapidly evolve—from machine learning and natural language processing (NLP) to large language models (LLMs) and generative AI—understanding the intellectual landscape of AI research in LIS becomes increasingly crucial. This study aims to identify, map, and analyze the thematic and citation structures of AI-related publications in LIS to uncover dominant research clusters, emerging trends, and potential gaps. Methodology: This applied scientometric study utilized a mixed-methods approach combining co-citation and keyword co-occurrence analyses. A dataset of 3,066 records published between 2005 and 2024 was retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection using the query: (WC=Library and Information Science) AND (TS=AI OR Artificial Intelligence). Co-citation networks were constructed using CiteSpace software across four five-year intervals, applying a Top N = 50 threshold. Cluster quality was evaluated using Modularity (Q) and Silhouette (S) indices. Cluster labels were generated through software algorithms, manual document inspection, and expert consensus involving five specialists in AI and Library and Information Science (LIS). Burst detection was employed to identify influential articles. Keyword co-occurrence networks were generated via VOSviewer with a controlled vocabulary. Hot topic trends and keyword trajectories were visualized using Biblioshiny from the Bibliometrix R package. Findings: The co-citation analysis revealed 24 thematic clusters, with five key clusters including algorithmic decision-making (2016), the moderating role of AI (2019), explainable AI (2019), systematic AI reviews (2020), and AI applications in public services (2020). A review of highly cited articles indicated that Dwivedi et al. (2021), whose article explored multidisciplinary perspectives on AI, had the greatest impact with 133 citations. They were followed by Duan et al. (2019), whose study focused on AI's role in decision-making, with 107 citations, and Sun & Medaglia (2019), who examined AI applications in the public sector, with 75 citations. The burstiness index indicated that Russell & Norvig (2016), authors of the influential textbook "Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach", showed the most significant growth in impact. The keyword co-occurrence map identified five key clusters: information systems and knowledge management; technology adoption and user interaction; machine learning and AI, language models and information services; and AI ethics and governance. These clusters indicate research trends focused on data management, user behavior analysis, model development, information service improvement, and ethical challenges. Historical trend analysis reveals a shift from traditional concepts such as ontology and digital libraries toward machine learning, natural language processing (NLP), and large language models (LLMs). Currently, research primarily emphasizes generative AI, transparency, and governance. Additionally, highly cited terms in this domain include Industry 4.0, decision-making, and big data analytics, underscoring AI’s role in improving human interactions and data management. Furthermore, trend analysis indicates that AI research within library and information science (LIS) has evolved from classical concepts to advanced technologies such as machine learning and neural networks. The focus has shifted from data mining and information retrieval to deep learning and NLP. Recently, large language models and generative AI have driven fundamental transformations in this field. Additionally, ethical concerns and algorithmic transparency have become increasingly important. This trend reflects a transition toward smarter, more automated, and language-processing-oriented systems, with heightened attention to ethical considerations. Conclusion: The findings indicate that research on AI within LIS is primarily focuses on five key areas: data management, technology adoption, machine learning, language models, and ethical issues. The interconnections among these clusters suggest that the successful implementation of AI requires effective coordination between data management, user behavior analysis, machine learning model development, and ethical compliance. These insights can assist policymakers, researchers, and professionals in optimizing the use of AI technologies within information systems. Furthermore, recent developments highlight the emergence of AI literacy and the integration of university libraries with modern technologies. Emphasizing user acceptance, trust in AI systems, and their impact on information policies suggests that AI’s role in LIS extends beyond technical tools to encompass social, ethical, and policy dimensions. This trend illustrates a shift from classical topics toward intelligent interactions, big data analytics, and the adoption of emerging technologies, emphasizing the need for further research on AI governance, transparency, and social implications. Overall, this study helps identify both strong and weak research areas in the field, highlighting the necessary capacities to enhance research and promote responsible AI development in LIS. Ultimately, scientometric analysis can aid policymakers and planners in optimizing resource allocation, improving socio-economic structures, and advancing sustainable AI development.

Purpose: This study employs a scientometric approach to analyze research on remote sensing and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) applications in sustainable land management. Given the increasing importance of these technologies in optimizing natural resource utilization and advancing sustainable development, the primary goal is to examine the growth of published literature and evolving research trends in this field. Methodology: This research employs a descriptive, applied approach within a scientometric framework, enabling the quantitative and visual mapping of scientific literature. The dataset consists of 749 research articles indexed in the Scopus database, covering publications from 2000 to 2024. To ensure a comprehensive and targeted collection of relevant literature, a systematic search strategy was implemented. This involved developing specific, carefully crafted keywords such as “remote sensing,” “GIS,” “sustainable land management,” “precision agriculture,” and “natural resource management,” combined using Boolean operators to refine search results and maximize relevance. The search results were further curated through an inclusion-exclusion process based on established criteria, including publication type, language, and subject relevance. For data analysis and visualization, the study utilizes VOSviewer, a sophisticated software tool designed to map scientific networks. VOSviewer effectively identifies significant research trends, keyword co-occurrences, and thematic clusters, while visualizing the intellectual structure of the field. The software reveals collaboration networks among authors and institutions, highlights influential publications, and uncovers interconnected themes, providing a holistic understanding of the dynamics within this research landscape. The integration of bibliometric indicators—such as citation counts and publication frequencies—with visualization techniques allows for an insightful assessment of the evolution and current state of remote sensing and GIS applications. Findings: The analysis demonstrates a remarkable and consistent upward trend in scholarly interest and publication output related to remote sensing and GIS in sustainable land management from 2000 to 2024. Specifically, the number of publications increased from approximately 50 in the early 2000s to over 299 in 2024, indicating a significant escalation in research activity. This growth correlates with rapid technological advancements, decreasing costs for remote sensing data acquisition, and the proliferation of open-access data repositories, which have collectively democratized access to critical geospatial information. Additionally, increased recognition among researchers and policymakers of the vital role these technologies play in achieving sustainability goals has driven a surge in scholarly output. The keyword analysis highlights dominant research themes and evolving focal points. Terms such as “GIS,” “remote sensing,” “agriculture,” “water quality,” and “land management” appear frequently and form interconnected networks, illustrating the multidisciplinary and application-oriented nature of this research field. These clusters address critical issues such as spatial data analysis, environmental monitoring, resource efficiency, water pollution, and sustainable land use. The network analysis reveals extensive international collaboration, underlining the global nature of these challenges. Researchers from different countries work synergistically, sharing data and methodologies to develop innovative solutions. The interconnectivity among clusters signifies the interdisciplinary nature of remote sensing and GIS research, emphasizing its role in integrating environmental, social, and economic perspectives. The findings of this study highlight the capacity of remote sensing and GIS technologies to enhance decision-making, optimize land use, and facilitate early warning systems for environmental hazards. The ongoing development of these technologies—including higher-resolution sensors, real-time data transmission, and advanced analytical algorithms—promises to further amplify their impact. Policymakers and stakeholders across sectors such as agriculture, urban planning, environmental conservation, and water resource management can leverage the insights gained from this comprehensive scientometric analysis to formulate strategic actions aligned with sustainability objectives. Investment in research and development of geospatial technologies should be prioritized within national and international frameworks to accelerate innovation and implementation. The integration of emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning, and big data analytics with remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS) heralds a new era of predictive modeling and adaptive management. These advancements will enable more precise forecasts of environmental changes and resource demands, supporting proactive rather than reactive strategies. Conclusion: This study shows increasing scientific interest in remote sensing and GIS over the past two decades, as evidenced by an increasing number of publications focused on practical applications. Network analysis identified five clusters associated with key areas such as spatial data analysis, environmental monitoring, and agriculture, highlighting their importance in decision-making and resource management. The findings emphasize the necessity of interdisciplinary and international collaboration to address global challenges such as climate change and resource depletion. By combining diverse expertise, innovation and sustainable solutions can be fostered. Overall, integrating these technologies enhances our capacity to understand and manage environmental systems, promoting resilience and sustainability through cross-disciplinary efforts.

Purpose: Effective scientific articles are vital for disseminating knowledge and making an impact. Mastering the art of abstract composition is crucial, not only for ensuring clarity and coherence but also for maximizing the visibility and influence of research within the global academic community. Crucially, a well-structured and informative abstract significantly enhances an article's discoverability, readability, and ultimately its citation potential, thereby directly influencing its bibliometric performance and contribution to the scientific body of knowledge. This research examines the move structures of abstracts in Linguistics and Persian Language and Literature, comparatively analyzing their rhetorical conventions and exploring the implications for scholarly communication and bibliometric indicators. Methodology: In this descriptive-analytical study, a random sample of 100 article abstracts (50 from each discipline) was selected from journals specializing in Linguistics and Persian Language and Literature, covering the period from 2012 to 2022. The abstracts were content-analyzed based on Hyland's (2000) move-based model to analyze the structural steps of research abstracts, encompassing Introduction, Purpose, Method, Findings, and Conclusion sub-moves. Additionally, Hüttner's (2010) classification of moves into compulsory, core, vague, and optional types—based on their frequency of occurrence—was applied to further understand the rhetorical organization. These frameworks facilitated a systematic examination of abstract components and their communicative functions. To address the research questions, the Chi-squared statistical test was employed. Data coding was conducted independently by two coders, achieving a Cohen’s Kappa above 0.8, ensuring high reliability. This methodological approach ensures the replicability and validity of the findings, providing a quantitative basis for interpreting the observed rhetorical patterns. Findings: The analysis of abstract move structures revealed significant structural differences between articles in Linguistics and Persian Language and Literature. Specifically, the sequencing, frequency, and integration of rhetorical moves exhibited notable variation, reflecting distinct disciplinary conventions and rhetorical preferences in abstract composition. While the Introduction move was more frequently employed in Persian Language and Literature abstracts, the Purpose, Method, and Conclusion moves were significantly more prevalent in Linguistics abstracts. The results showed a relatively similar frequency across both disciplines. Statistical analysis confirmed significant differences in the frequency of the Introduction, Method, and Conclusion moves between the two fields, although no significant differences were found for the Purpose and Results moves. These variations, interpreted through Hüttner’s (2010) classification, highlight the differing priorities and focuses that authors adopt when structuring their abstracts to achieve communicative goals effectively. Furthermore, the study identified diverse move patterns and sequences, indicating a degree of flexibility in rhetorical structuring and the influence of contextual factors on authorial choices. Notably, a low adherence rate to established rhetorical structural models was observed, with only 10% of linguistics abstracts and 14% of Persian Language and Literature abstracts fully conforming to Hyland's (2000) five-move scientific model. This low conformity highlights a gap in the application of internationally recognized rhetorical structures, which are essential for enhancing abstract clarity, coherence, and, ultimately, scholarly visibility. Moreover, this gap may negatively affect how these articles are indexed and perceived in global academic databases, potentially limiting their accessibility and citation impact. The findings of the present study emphasize the necessity of fostering improved awareness and training in the rhetorical structuring of abstracts tailored to disciplinary norms. Conclusion: This study underscores the critical role of the abstract as the primary gateway to an article, directly influencing its visibility and acceptance within the academic community. Our analysis revealed significant structural differences in abstracts from Linguistics and Persian Language and Literature, particularly in the Introduction, Methods, and Results sections. A notable finding was the low adherence to established structural models (e.g., Hyland's five-move structure), indicating a gap in current abstract writing practices. From a bibliometric perspective, these structural choices and the overall quality of an abstract are fundamental determinants of an article's discoverability and impact potential, extending beyond stylistic considerations. A well-crafted, discipline-appropriate abstract serves as a vital filter for researchers and indexing services, directly influencing readability, citation potential, and ultimately, the article's contribution to the scientific body of knowledge. Conversely, poorly constructed abstracts lead to reduced visibility, slower knowledge dissemination, and an underestimation of research influence. Therefore, targeted educational interventions focusing on discipline-specific abstract writing conventions are essential. This training, particularly for novice researchers, transcends mere writing skill enhancement; it empowers researchers to maximize their work's accessibility and impact, thereby contributing more effectively to scientific discourse and positively influencing bibliometric indicators. This study emphasizes the necessity of viewing abstract quality as a key component of scholarly communication, with direct implications for research evaluation and the broader bibliometric landscape.

Purpose: The world is navigating the transformative currents of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, characterized by the profound convergence of diverse technologies and the pervasive influence of digitalization as its central framework. This era heralds a paradigm shift across numerous sectors, with higher education and universities at the forefront of this evolution. Studies of emerging technologies within the context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution are crucial in shaping the future of higher education. Understanding the implications and applications of emerging technologies is crucial for universities to remain relevant, innovative, and capable of preparing students for the demands of the modern workforce. However, despite the recognized importance of this field, there is a notable lack of comprehensive scientometric studies that systematically analyze and map the existing body of knowledge. This research gap highlights the need for a thorough investigation into the current state of studies related to emerging technologies in higher education, thereby providing a robust foundation for future academic and policy initiatives. Consequently, this study was meticulously designed and conducted to analyze existing research in this critical area, illuminating trends, patterns, and significant contributions. Methodology: This applied research employed an analytical approach to provide a detailed and comprehensive overview of the field. Utilizing a mixed-methods design, the study integrates both quantitative and qualitative techniques to ensure a holistic understanding of the subject matter. Additionally, scientometric methods and a systematic review were conducted. The statistical population for this research comprised 273 articles on Emerging Technologies Studies in the Fourth Industrial Revolution Era within universities and higher education institutions. The term 'higher education' encompasses universities, colleges, and other degree-granting institutions. These articles were meticulously selected from the Web of Science citation database, a reputable source of scholarly literature, covering publications from 2019 to 2024. The selection process followed the rigorous guidelines of the PRISMA checklist to ensure transparency and reproducibility. Subsequently, the selected articles underwent comprehensive analysis, review, and visualization using software tools such as EndNote for reference management, Excel for data processing, and VOSviewer for network visualization and mapping. Findings: The analysis of publication trends revealed a consistent and significant increase in the number of papers published on "Emerging Technologies Studies in the Fourth Industrial Revolution Era in Universities and Higher Education." This upward trend highlights the growing recognition and scholarly interest in this domain. A comprehensive examination of the keywords used in the articles identified 1,240 unique keywords, which were subsequently categorized into 29 distinct technology-related topics. Among these keywords, general terms such as “higher education,” “education 4.0,” and “education” appeared most frequently, underscoring their central importance to the field. Network analysis of co-authorship patterns revealed strong collaborative relationships among researchers from Malaysia, South Africa, Mexico, Spain, and India, emphasizing the international scope of this research area. Statistical analyses further identified MDPI as the leading publisher and Sustainability as the top journal for articles in this domain. Additionally, the analysis showed that “education and educational research” emerged as the most prominent research area within the reviewed articles. Conclusion: The increasing trend in publications signifies a growing acknowledgment of the importance of emerging technologies in higher education during the Fourth Industrial Revolution. However, the notable absence of published review articles in this field highlights a significant gap. This gap warrants further attention and scholarly effort. A particularly concerning observation is the absence of Iran among the countries contributing to authorship in this field, whether through co-authorship or independent research. This absence suggests a potential oversight by Iranian researchers and policymakers regarding this critical issue. The analysis of scientific research areas highlights the diverse disciplinary interest in emerging technologies within higher education. Multiple scientific domains are showing a strong focus on this area. The analysis reveals a high prevalence of micro-topics related to augmented reality, the Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, and blockchain. This suggests widespread adoption and utilization of these technologies in universities and higher education institutions, effectively transforming them into vibrant and dynamic research hotspots. The analyzed articles also demonstrate a strong alignment with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN SDGs). This connection underscores the pivotal role of universities in cultivating a skilled and capable workforce, well-prepared to face the challenges and seize the opportunities of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. In conclusion, it is important to briefly highlight two significant limitations of this research: 1. The field of emerging technologies is rapidly evolving. Therefore, defining the time frame for collecting articles required a careful balance—it should not be so long-term as to include outdated technologies, nor so narrow as to exclude many relevant technologies within the study’s scope. For this reason, the last six years were selected as the most appropriate period for review. 2. On one hand, due to the nascent nature of these technologies, and on the other, the limited recognition of their importance in the educational sector of our country, there is a scarcity of review and bibliometric articles, as well as official statistical reports. This lack of resources represents a serious limitation of the present research.

Purpose: This research aimed to conduct an infodemiological and scientometric analysis of gestational diabetes by examining users' information-seeking behavior alongside researchers' scientific output. Specifically, this comprehensive study employed an infodemiological approach within a dual analytical framework to systematically investigate gestational diabetes, analyzing both public information-seeking patterns and academic research production. The study was designed to bridge the gap between laypersons' health information needs and scientific knowledge dissemination by simultaneously analyzing real-world search behaviors and scholarly outputs. Methodology: This applied study employed an exploratory mixed-methods approach, conducted both descriptively and analytically. In the qualitative phase, we conducted in-depth focus group discussions with 12 pregnant women diagnosed with gestational diabetes, selected via purposive sampling. Thematic analysis of these discussions was performed to identify and extract key search terms and phrases used by the participants. The quantitative phase comprised two parallel analyses. First, we systematically examined search behavior patterns using Google Trends data from 2015 to 2024 for all identified keywords, analyzing temporal trends and search volumes. Second, we conducted a bibliometric analysis of Iranian-affiliated scientific publications indexed in three prominent databases—PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus—during the same period, tracking publication trends, citation patterns, and research focus areas. All collected data were organized and analyzed using Microsoft Excel for data management and SPSS (version 26) for statistical analyses, including correlation tests and trend analysis. This dual-phase approach enabled a robust comparison between public information-seeking behaviors and academic research outputs in the field of gestational diabetes. Findings: The results indicated that the keywords could be categorized into four main themes: "gestational diabetes," "symptoms and diagnosis," "treatment and nutrition," and "complications." The most frequently searched term was the Persian phrase for "gestational diabetes." While "gestational diabetes" was more popular in 2015–2016, the term "gestational sugar" gained stability from 2019 onward. Notably, Persian keywords dominated the searches, with minimal use of the English term "Gestational diabetes," suggesting that the general public, particularly pregnant women, prefer local terminology over scientific jargon. Furthermore, analysis of Google Trends data from 2015 to 2024 revealed a declining trend in searches related to gestational diabetes among Iranian users, contrasting with an initial increase in scientific publications. Iran’s academic output peaked in 2019 but fluctuated thereafter. A comparative analysis with Canada and Australia revealed that these countries exhibited higher research productivity and more stable or increasing search trends. For example, Australia led in both the search volume for "Gestational diabetes" and the number of scientific publications, whereas Iran’s declining public interest in online searches did not correspond with its relatively stable research output. Finally, the Pearson correlation test was employed to examine the relationship between Iranian users’ online search behavior and scientific publications. The results indicated a moderate negative correlation (r = -0.55); however, the relationship was not statistically significant (p = 0.10). This suggests that, although there may be an inverse trend between public search activity and academic research, the connection is not strong enough to confirm a meaningful association. This disparity highlights a potential gap between public health information needs and the focus of scientific research in Iran. Conclusion: Based on the findings of this research, Iranian users rely heavily on Google to fulfill their information needs regarding gestational diabetes. However, scientific research in this field often fails to address these practical concerns. This reveals a significant gap in health knowledge translation, where valuable research does not effectively reach or respond to the public’s most pressing questions. To address this issue, several measures should be implemented. First, accurate and accessible health information should be made available through local digital platforms, including mobile applications specifically designed for Persian-speaking users and telemedicine services that provide reliable guidance. Social media channels should also be leveraged to distribute verified content that counters widespread misinformation. At the research level, scientists and funding institutions should prioritize studies that directly align with the information needs revealed by search trends and user behavior. Rather than focusing solely on theoretical aspects, more applied research is needed to answer the questions pregnant women and their families are asking online. Additionally, researchers should consider users’ information needs as a foundation for conducting applied research. Finally, conducting comparative cross-cultural studies and examining the role of social networks in promoting digital health literacy are recommended areas for future research.

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to analyze scientific publications in the field of enterprise resource planning (ERP) software using the Web of Science database, as well as to create a scientific map of this domain. Additionally, the study aims to examine thematic clusters related to ERP software. Methodology: This quantitative study utilized the Web of Science citation database to analyze data extracted from it. The statistical population comprised 2,531 records spanning from early 1994 to the end of 2024, employing a complete population sampling method. The search was conducted using relevant keywords and advanced search tools to identify all pertinent articles. Data analysis was performed using VOSviewer software and included examining spatial and temporal distributions, international collaboration networks, and identifying dominant topics to better understand scientific developments in this field. Findings: The findings indicate that China leads among countries with 57 records, followed by the United States and India. European countries such as the United Kingdom, Germany, and France also make significant contributions to scientific output. Among universities, Ohio University ranks first with 78 records, Florida State University is second with 38 records, and National Central University ranks third with 36 records. These top three universities have produced a total of 152 papers, with American institutions accounting for the majority of scientific production in this field. Of the top 10 institutions, six are located in the United States. Additionally, institutions such as the Indian Institute of Technology and the Egyptian Knowledge Bank represent non-Western countries, highlighting global participation in this field. Among authors, V. Gao from China leads with 14 records, while authors such as Andrea, Legria, Werich, and Worcester closely compete with 10 articles each. The highest scientific production was recorded in 2013, with 158 information records. Among the journals, the International Journal of Organizational Information Systems ranks first with 98 articles. The Journal of Industrial Management and Data Systems follows in second place with 65 articles, while the Journal of Business Process Management ranks third with 53 articles. An analysis of the languages used in the articles reveals that English, as the international language of science and research, is overwhelmingly dominant in the field of enterprise resource planning (ERP) software. With 2,465 articles out of the total, it is evident that most scientific research and publications in this field are conducted in English. This dominance may be attributed to greater access to scientific resources, international collaborations, and the necessity to publish in reputable journals. In contrast, other languages such as Portuguese, German, and Spanish account for significantly fewer articles—25, 12, and 11 respectively—indicating comparatively less research activity in these languages. The findings revealed that keywords related to ERP software were grouped into ten clusters, with the ERP software cluster exhibiting the highest degree of centrality. Additionally, the density map indicates that this keyword has the greatest density. Other topics within the clusters include critical success factors, technology adoption models, ERP implementation challenges, organizational performance, process improvement, software customization, emerging technologies, artificial intelligence, and big data. The findings also reveal a broad connection among business concepts such as management, efficiency, innovation, and performance, underscoring the importance of business as the central focus of research in this field. Additionally, the strong link between business and information technology, automation, and concepts related to small and medium-sized enterprises highlights an emphasis on enhancing performance and adapting to customer needs. On the other hand, the findings highlight significant connections between concepts related to the implementation and success of ERP software. A substantial portion of the research is dedicated to exploring solutions and factors that influence the successful implementation of these systems. Additionally, ERP serves as a tool to enhance coordination within organizational supply chains, making the selection of the appropriate system and attention to critical success factors essential for ERP project success. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate that the ERP software field has experienced significant growth in recent decades and is increasingly integrating new technologies such as artificial intelligence, big data, and cloud computing. An analysis of scientific literature reveals that topics like supply chain management, data analysis, and integration with other management systems are among the most prominent trends in this area. However, a more detailed investigation into the impact of new technologies on ERP system performance, implementation challenges in developing countries, and integration with other management systems remains lacking. Therefore, by identifying these gaps, this study paves the way for future research and emphasizes that advancing technology and management in the ERP field requires innovative and specialized approaches.

Purpose: Retraction refers to the withdrawal of a published article due to either human error or intentional scientific misconduct. Retracted articles reduce the credibility and trust within scientific communities and can have harmful consequences for society. In other words, both intentional and unintentional errors made by individuals in research can damage the scientific reputation of an institution, a country, and even an entire field of study. By analyzing the current state of research misconduct, a systematic review of retracted articles offers an opportunity to improve planning and policymaking aimed at reducing the number of such articles at the individual, organizational, national, and international levels. This scientometric study aims to examine the co-authorship network of countries involved in retracted computer science articles, utilizing network centrality measures and structural hole theory.Methodology: This applied research employs a scientometric approach. The study's statistical population consists of all 8,489 retracted computer science articles indexed in the Scopus database. VOSviewer software was utilized to construct and analyze the co-authorship network; Pajek was employed to extract aggregate constraint values and to identify structural holes within the co-authorship network of countries. Additionally, SPSS was used for descriptive and inferential statistical analyses, and Excel was used to generate graphs and visualize co-authorship patterns.Findings: Based on the findings, the first retracted articles in computer science were published in 2003. The peak year for retractions was 2010, accounting for 33.7% of cases. The retracted articles received between zero and 441 citations; of the 8,489 articles examined, 4,262 (50.2%) had not received any citations. Approximately 17.4% of the articles were single-authored, while the majority (82.6%) had multiple authors. The most common authorship patterns were two-author articles (36%) and three-author articles (23%). Additionally, the Collaborative Coefficient (CC) among the authors of the retracted computer science articles was 0.52, indicating a moderate tendency toward co-authorship. The top three countries with the highest number of retracted articles in computer science were China, India, and the United States, respectively. Based on degree and closeness centrality indices, India, China, and the United States ranked highest, respectively. Considering the betweenness centrality index, China, India, and the United States played central roles in the co-authorship network of the studied retracted articles. Regarding aggregate constraint values, China, India, and Malaysia played the largest roles in bridging structural gaps and facilitating country connections. Spearman correlation tests revealed positive and significant relationships among degree and closeness centralities (r = 0.949), degree and betweenness centralities (r = 0.889), and betweenness and closeness centralities (r = 0.889) for 87 countries in the connected network, all significant at the 0.01 level. Conversely, degree centrality and aggregate constraints (r = -0.875), betweenness centrality and aggregate constraints (r = -0.766), and closeness centrality and aggregate constraints (r = -0.782) showed significant inverse relationships at the same significance level. Conclusion: The prevalence of retracted articles from various countries indicates the challenges related to research ethics in these countries, although different in scale. Network centrality indices and structural hole theory reveal that China and India occupy central and broker roles within the co-authorship network of retracted articles in computer science. While China and India are emerging scientific hubs, the high incidence of retractions in computer science may serve as a warning regarding the quality and ethical standards of research in these countries. Additionally, the increasing number of retractions in the United States, a well-established scientific hub, could have a broader impact on the global credibility of science. The high number of retracted articles in countries with considerable scientific output highlights the need for increased attention to research ethics and scientific standards in these regions. Given their central roles in scientific and co-authorship networks, these countries bear greater responsibility for maintaining research credibility and trust by upholding rigorous scientific standards and promoting ethical research practices. Additionally, European countries should reconsider their research policies due to their intermediary roles in the network of retracted articles. Furthermore, the involvement of a growing number of developing countries—such as Saudi Arabia, Iran, Iraq, Pakistan, and Malaysia—in authorship of retracted articles may stem from weak monitoring systems, insufficient awareness of research ethics standards, and institutional pressure to publish more articles. Considering the harm that fraudulent articles inflict on the body of knowledge, all countries must contribute to maintaining and strengthening scientific standards. They are expected to strengthen monitoring systems, provide training, and raise awareness in the field of research ethics. Enhancing international cooperation to exchange experiences and improve research ethics standards would also be beneficial.

Purpose: The primary objective of this study is to conduct a scientometric analysis of Persian-language scholarly articles on environmental art in Iran. This analysis employs co-word analysis and thematic clustering to gain a deeper understanding of the intellectual structure and emerging trends within the field. By identifying core topics, key contributors, and publication patterns, the research aims to shed light on the current state of environmental art studies in the Iranian academic context.Methodology: This research is exploratory and applied, situated within the field of scientometric studies. The methodology employed is based on co-word analysis, which is a recognized technique for mapping the conceptual structure of academic literature. The statistical population includes 80 Persian-language articles related to environmental art. These articles were identified by searching for keywords such as “Environmental Art”, “Eco-Art”, “Land Art”, “Nature Art” and “Ecological Art” titles and keywords of academic papers published across prominent Iranian scholarly databases. The databases utilized for this search include the Scientific Information Database (SID), Magiran, Noor Mags, Iranian Scientific Network (Elmnet), Humanities Comprehensive Portal, Islamic World Science Citation Center (ISC), and Civilica. The selected time frame for article collection spans from 1390 to 1403 in the Iranian calendar (approximately 2011 to 2024 in the Gregorian calendar). After retrieving and filtering relevant articles, data preparation and analysis were conducted using Excel and VOSviewer software. VOSviewer enabled the visualization of term co-occurrence and the mapping of thematic clusters based on keyword proximity and frequency.Findings: The analysis revealed that a significant proportion of the selected articles focused on the relationship between environmental art and the environment. This underscores the interdisciplinary nature of the field, where art and environmental concerns intersect. The results also highlighted the participation of 22 different academic and scientific groups in producing these publications, indicating a moderate level of collaboration across disciplines. A noteworthy finding is that the majority of authors contributing to this field are university faculty members, pointing to the academic interest and institutional support for research in environmental art. Among the 40 universities represented in the dataset, Alzahra University emerged as the most prolific institution, having contributed the highest number of articles within the scope of this research. Regarding publication types, most articles were presented at academic conferences and employed descriptive-analytical methodologies. This suggests that while the field is gaining traction, it may still be in a developmental stage, with limited empirical and experimental research conducted. The journal Foundations of Theoretical Visual Arts was identified as the leading publication outlet for articles in environmental art, reflecting its role as a key platform for scholarly discourse in this niche area.Conclusion: The study concludes that although environmental art has established a presence in Iranian academic literature, there remains a significant opportunity to strengthen its scientific foundations. To advance the field and enhance its academic credibility, several steps are necessary. First, broader participation from universities and specialized academic groups is essential. This includes encouraging interdisciplinary collaboration among fields such as visual arts, environmental sciences, urban studies, and cultural theory. Such collaboration can enrich the research scope and provide more nuanced insights. Second, there is a clear need to diversify research methodologies. Most current studies rely on descriptive approaches; incorporating mixed-methods, empirical, and practice-based research would enhance the depth and rigor of the findings. Methodological innovation can help bridge theory and practice, making research more relevant to real-world applications in art, urban planning, and environmental activism. Third, the publication of research findings in reputable, peer-reviewed academic journals should be encouraged. This approach would not only increase the visibility of Iranian scholarship on environmental art but also align it with international standards. Publishing in high-impact journals can lead to higher citation rates and foster international academic dialogue. Finally, promoting cohesive, interdisciplinary research that integrates scientific, cultural, and artistic perspectives can significantly enhance the legitimacy and influence of environmental art as a scholarly field. Addressing current challenges—such as limited inter-institutional collaboration and a narrow methodological scope—can help transform environmental art research in Iran into a more structured, precise, and globally aligned discipline. By implementing these recommendations, the field of environmental art in Iran can evolve into a more mature area of study, with broader academic impact and greater practical relevance in tackling the pressing environmental and cultural issues of our time.

Purpose: This study aims to examine strategies for enhancing the position of Iranian scientific journals within the global knowledge value chain, with a focus on science diplomacy and the economics of scholarly publishing. Although Iran contributes approximately 2% of global scientific output, its participation in the international publishing economy remains around 0.3%. This sevenfold imbalance reflects institutional, policy, and infrastructural barriers that hinder the translation of scientific productivity into measurable economic and diplomatic influence. Accordingly, the study addresses three central questions: (1) What is the position of scientific journals in the global knowledge economy? (2) What gaps exist between Iran’s scientific production and its participation in the publishing economy? (3) What institutional, technological, and structural factors limit the international competitiveness of Iranian journals? Understanding these questions is vital for improving visibility, ensuring financial sustainability, and strengthening Iran’s role in global science diplomacy. Methodology: This research employs an analytical-review approach that combines bibliometric analysis with policy evaluation. It utilizes data published between 2015 and 2025, along with statistics from the Scimago Journal & Country Rank (SJR) database, covering 27 subject categories. The study assesses the publication volume, economic value, and disciplinary concentration of Iranian scientific journals, comparing them with global benchmarks from major publishers such as Elsevier, Springer Nature, and Wiley. Trends in open-access publishing, article processing charges (APCs), and digital infrastructures—such as DOI, ORCID, standardized XML, and Crossref integration—are analyzed to identify systemic gaps. Descriptive and comparative assessments highlight medicine, engineering, and life sciences as dominant and high-value fields within Iran’s publishing ecosystem. The analysis focuses on how disciplinary concentration influences both economic potential and international impact, emphasizing the need for structural modernization and sustainable funding models. Findings: The findings show that Iranian journals are predominantly concentrated in medicine, engineering, and life sciences, which together account for more than 70% of the total estimated monetary value. According to Scimago (August 2025), the overall economic value of Iranian journals indexed in Scopus is approximately USD 200 million—just 0.3% of the USD 53 billion global market. This disparity highlights that despite Iran’s scientific productivity, its economic share remains marginal. The most valuable journals are often affiliated with medical universities and engineering faculties, benefiting from higher citation rates and broader readership. However, limited international authorship, minimal participation of foreign reviewers, and reliance on government or university funding undermine their global competitiveness. Systemic inefficiencies—such as inconsistent peer-review timelines, editorial variability, limited technological integration, and weak international marketing—remain critical challenges. Subject-specific analysis indicates that pharmacy, biochemistry, and health sciences achieve higher value per article compared to agriculture or social sciences, suggesting that targeted investment could enhance profitability. Fields indexed in higher SJR quartiles (Q1–Q2) demonstrate greater economic and academic visibility, whereas journals in lower tiers contribute minimally to national publishing revenue. Furthermore, insufficient adoption of scientometric analytics, lack of professional training for editors, and the absence of transparent performance indicators hinder evidence-based decision-making. Together, these findings highlight the need for strategic policy reform, technical modernization, and international cooperation to transform Iran’s publication volume into measurable economic and diplomatic outcomes. Conclusion: Bridging the identified gaps requires a coordinated national strategy. Establishing a National School of Editorial and Publishing Leadership, with mandatory professional certification, can professionalize editorial and managerial roles across disciplines. Integrating artificial intelligence into editorial workflows would optimize manuscript screening, plagiarism detection, and peer-review management, while ensuring adherence to ethical standards. Developing a national integrated publishing platform that supports DOI, ORCID, standardized XML, Crossref interoperability, and scientometric analytics would enhance the digital infrastructure and interoperability among universities and publishing institutions. Additionally, standardizing peer-review timelines and transparency metrics can improve reliability and attract international contributors. From a policy perspective, the Iranian Academic Publishing Center and the SAMT Institute, in partnership with the private sector under a public–private framework, should establish knowledge-based publishing enterprises capable of competing globally through investment, innovation, and equity acquisition. Strengthening science diplomacy through joint special issues, international guest editors, and cross-border collaborations would expand Iran’s academic presence and enhance its soft power. Regional cooperation with Asian and Middle Eastern partners could significantly enhance the visibility and impact of journals. Achieving these objectives requires synergy among policymakers, universities, and publishers. Coordinated efforts must integrate technological infrastructure, transparent regulations, and specialized human capital. Transitioning from state-funded to self-sustaining, market-oriented publishing models will be essential for long-term resilience. Implementing these recommendations would enable Iranian journals to evolve into credible, revenue-generating, and diplomatically influential actors within the global publishing economy. Ultimately, such transformation would improve Iran’s scientific visibility, economic contribution, and participation in the sustainable development of global knowledge.

Purpose: In the present century, due to national and political tendencies and prejudices, the name of the Persian Gulf, which originates from ancient texts dating back to before Christ (BC), has been distorted by some individuals in official correspondence and scientific literature, being replaced with terms such as the Arabian Gulf and the Gulf. The main aim of this research is to conduct a descriptive analysis of scientific publications containing the keywords of the Persian Gulf and the Arabian Gulf (fake name) in the Web of Science database from 1975 to 2024. Methodology: The current research is an applied, descriptive, and analytical study employing scientometric methods. The study population includes all scientific publications containing the keywords of the Persian Gulf and the Arabian Gulf (fake name) indexed in the Web of Science database from 1975 to 2024. VOSviewer and Bibexcel software were used to extract data and generate visual maps, while Excel and SPSS were utilized for data analysis. Findings: The findings indicate that, within the Web of Science document database, by the end of 2024, 7,395 documents were indexed using the keyword Persian Gulf and 3,987 documents were indexed with the keyword Arabian Gulf. The highest number of documents was published in 2021 for Persian Gulf and in 2020 for Arabian Gulf. Furthermore, over 90% of these documents were in English and experienced exponential growth. A larger proportion of outputs—84% for the Persian Gulf and 85% for the Arabian Gulf—were published as articles. The subject area "Environmental Science Ecology" contains the highest number of scientific documents for both keywords. The co-occurrence network of keywords demonstrates that for the keyword Persian Gulf, there are 572 keywords with a minimum occurrence of five, forming 17 clusters containing 4,290 links with a total link strength of 7,766. In comparison, the fake name of Arabian Gulf has 490 keywords with a minimum frequency of five, forming 15 clusters with 2,389 links and a total link strength of 3,864. For both keywords, the most frequently occurring terms with the highest total link strength were Gulf war illness, Arabian Gulf, Persian Gulf, and Gulf war syndrome. Also, “Taxonomy,” and “Ecological risk” were used currently. Iran (Persian Gulf) and Saudi Arabia (Arabian Gulf) are top countries in this field, with the highest level of collaboration occurring with American researchers. In contrast, scientific participation is lowest among the countries bordering the Persian Gulf. An investigation into the collaboration among universities and research institutes revealed that, regarding the Persian Gulf keyword, Islamic Azad University leads with 45 links and a total link strength of 1,952. In contrast, for the fabricated keyword of Arabian Gulf, Kuwait University is the top with 159 links and a total link strength of 325. Scientific collaborations among researchers showed that 75 percent of all scientific publications in terms of Persian Gulf and 79 percent of those deceptively labeled as Arabian Gulf were produced through collaboration. For both keywords, the Persian Gulf and the Arabian Gulf (fake name) the strength of collaboration was calculated using the Degree of Collaboration (0.77; 0.79), Collaborative Index (4.51; 4.51), and Collaborative Coefficient (0.57; 0.55), respectively. The co-authorship network analysis showed that, in the Persian Gulf subject area, the top authors were Sina Dobaradaran, with 46 documents and a total link strength of 160, and Kang H.K., with 1,450 citations. Regarding the fake name of Arabian Gulf, John Burt led with 55 documents, Bernhard Riegl had 1,497 citations, and Haitham Amin had a total link strength of 191. Citation analysis showed that documents with Persian Gulf in the keywords totaled 7,395 and received 132,885 citations, with an h-index of 129, peaking in 2021. In contrast, publications using the fictional name Arabian Gulf achieved 3987 published texts, received 72,204 citations, and had an h-index of 95, peaking in 2020. The top journal for publications featuring both keywords is " Marine Pollution Bulletin, which has an impact factor of 5.3. Conclusion: The growth rate of outputs related to the Persian Gulf is higher than that of the Arabian Gulf (fake name), while the diversity of topics and the level of participation are higher in the Arabian Gulf field (fake name). According to citation metrics, the most influential authors in terms of the Persian Gulf are from England and the United States, whereas in the field of Athe rabian Gulf (fake name), authors from the Arabian countries bordering this water basin have the highest number of publications and citations.

Purpose: The objective of this study is to identify key concepts, research patterns, conceptual clusters, and the knowledge network structure within the global water crisis domain. Methodology: This applied research employs a scientometric approach to analyze the conceptual structure of global studies on the water crisis. Using Utilizing analysis, it identifies relationships among key terms, while the K-means clustering technique organizes related concepts into thematic clusters. The study is based on a dataset of 23,980 articles retrieved from the Web of Science database, covering the period from 2000 to 2024. Data analysis was conducted using UCINET, NetDraw, and VOSviewer software, which enabled visualization of conceptual networks and the assessment of centrality metrics (degree, betweenness, and closeness). These methods helped facilitate the identification of emerging concepts, reveal interconnections, and provide a structured understanding of the current research landscape and gaps in the field of water crisis studies. Findings: The findings of the study revealed that the concepts water stress, water, and drought had the highest frequency among the examined scientific documents. Furthermore, concepts such as water scarcity, water quality, water pollution, and climate change were also significantly repeated in the research literature. According to the results of this study, more than 100 new concepts related to the water crisis have emerged in the past decade. Clustering results indicate that the water crisis can be categorized into 11 conceptual clusters. The first cluster, with 769 concepts, is the largest and focuses on the topic of drought. The second cluster (570 concepts) centers on water quality, and the third cluster (493 concepts) is dedicated to water resource management. In total, research in this field forms 8 independent clusters. Although the ninth cluster shares some similarities with the third cluster, their differences distinguish them from one another. The tenth and eleventh clusters, with a limited number of concepts, indicate less research focus on these areas. The conceptual network analysis of this domain was conducted based on 3,005 nodes and 9,450 links. The average network density was 0.0335, with each concept linked to an average of 101 other concepts. According to the degree centrality index, the concepts water (7,080), water stress (6,551), and drought (4,027) play the most significant roles. Additionally, concepts such as water scarcity, water quality, "Water Consumption, water pollution, and climate change exhibit high connectivity. The average degree centrality was 101.342 with a standard deviation of 265.340, and the network concentration was 1.461%, indicating a relatively balanced distribution of connections. Based on the betweenness centrality index, the concepts water (13.121), water stress (9.057), and drought (4.847) play a key role in connecting concepts. The overall network concentration was 13.09% with a standard deviation of 0.343. In the closeness centrality index, the concepts water (69.620), water stress (66.005), and drought (62.039) showed the highest proximity, while the average for this index was 46.212. The most significant co-occurrences with link strength include efficiency–water (158), sanitation–water (129), water stress–drought (105), climate change–water scarcity (104), and pollution–water (98). Conclusion: The water crisis is a multidimensional and complex concept that requires thorough examination from various perspectives. This study, employing co-word and conceptual network analysis, has explored the knowledge structure within this domain. The findings indicate that key concepts such as water stress, drought, water scarcity, water quality, and climate change constitute the core of research in this field. Additionally, the emergence of new concepts reflects the dynamism and evolution of this scientific domain in addressing complex challenges like climate change and the need for sustainable water resource management. These concepts represent the scientific community's efforts to develop effective and practical solutions. Concept clustering results reveal that research in the water crisis domain primarily focuses on central topics such as drought, water quality, and water resource management; however, attention has also been given to emerging and more specialized topics, including the impact of heatwaves and groundwater management. The diversity of conceptual clusters illustrates the inherent complexity of the water crisis and underscores the need for further research, particularly in environmental sustainability and innovative water technologies, to achieve comprehensive and efficient solutions. In summary, the water crisis is a multifaceted phenomenon rooted in the complex interplay of human, natural, and climatic factors. This complexity has driven significant growth in related research. However, the findings reveal that the conceptual network within this domain remains somewhat fragmented, with considerable potential to establish more meaningful connections between concepts and strengthen its theoretical coherence.

Purpose: Islamic accounting, an emerging branch of accounting science, has evolved based on the principles of Shariah and Islamic ethics and has attracted increasing attention in recent decades. However, the knowledge structure, conceptual foundations, and developmental patterns of academic publications in this field—both in Iran and within the Scopus database—have not been comprehensively mapped or compared. This study aims to conduct a scientometric analysis to explore trends, collaboration networks, and conceptual clusters of scholarly documents related to Islamic accounting in Iran and in Scopus. By identifying key journals, prolific authors, institutions, and countries, and by visualizing keyword co-occurrence and scientific collaboration networks, this research provides a comparative overview of the conceptual and thematic landscapes of Islamic accounting research in both contexts. Methodology: This applied research is based on scientometric techniques and network analysis. Data were collected from two primary sources: (1) the Scopus citation database, representing the international scholarly landscape, and (2) major Iranian academic databases, including Noormags, Magiran, Civilica, Ganj, and SID. A comprehensive set of keywords relevant to Islamic accounting—such as Zakat accounting, Waqf accounting, Murabaha accounting, Sukuk accounting, Khums accounting, and Shariah-compliant accounting—was searched in both English and Persian. After data cleaning and preprocessing, the datasets were imported into VOSviewer in CSV format. The analysis included keyword co-occurrence mapping, author and institutional collaboration network analysis, and thematic cluster detection. Additionally, the temporal evolution of research themes was examined across both data sources. Findings: The analysis shows that the volume of scholarly documents on Islamic accounting indexed in Scopus has grown substantially since 2016, with Southeast Asian countries—particularly Malaysia and Indonesia—leading the field. The United Kingdom has also played an active role as one of the international research hubs in this area. In Iran, the number of publications began increasing in 2012 (1391) but declined after 2015 (1394). Key journals in the field include the Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research in Scopus, and Iranian journals such as The Accountant, and specialized accounting conferences. In terms of collaboration networks, the global research community demonstrates a more cohesive and multi-centered structure, with influential figures like Rania Kamla forming central nodes. In contrast, collaboration patterns among Iranian scholars tend to be fragmented and limited to small, disconnected clusters. Notable institutions in the global landscape include the International Islamic University Malaysia and Heriot-Watt University in the UK, while Islamic Azad University and the University of Tehran are among the most active in Iran. Keyword co-occurrence analysis reveals significant conceptual differences between the two environments. In Scopus, frequently used terms include “Islamic Accounting,” “AAOIFI,” and “Sharia Accounting”. Iranian literature, however, is more focused on keywords like “Islamic Accounting,” “Zakat,” and “Accountability”. The keyword co-occurrence analysis revealed distinct conceptual structures in the field of Islamic accounting across Scopus and Iranian sources. In Scopus, four main clusters were identified: practical applications of Sharia-compliant accounting; theoretical and epistemological foundations; standardization and regulatory bodies; and the intersection of Islamic accounting with broader Islamic economic structures. In contrast, Iranian scholarly literature exhibited five clusters: ethical and value-based foundations of Islamic accounting; the institutional and regulatory framework of the Islamic financial system; social and applied dimensions; the linkage between theoretical accounting concepts and religious perspectives; and comparative analyses between Islamic and conventional accounting. The thematic evolution of topics in both contexts followed a three-phase trajectory. In Scopus, the first phase emphasized foundational and financial-banking concepts; the second phase expanded toward institutional frameworks and economic applications; and the third phase reflected a shift toward analytical, methodologically rigorous approaches. Meanwhile, in the Iranian context, the first phase was characterized by religious theorization and conceptual groundwork; the second phase focused on institutionalization and the development of implementation mechanisms; and the third phase highlighted critical and comparative perspectives as well as emerging challenges in the field. Conclusion: The mapping of Islamic accounting knowledge reveals that while scholarly attention to the field is growing in both Iran and globally (as represented by Scopus), notable differences exist in terms of conceptual orientation, structural development, and collaborative patterns. Scopus-indexed publications are more aligned with institutionalization, international standards, and practical application, whereas Iranian research emphasizes foundational Islamic values, jurisprudential reasoning, and theoretical innovation. To elevate Iran’s academic standing in this field, policies should support interdisciplinary research, foster broader scientific collaboration, and bridge the gap between academia and practice. Scientometric analysis and network mapping can further serve as strategic tools for identifying research trends, conceptual gaps, and priority areas for future inquiry.

Purpose: The aim of bibliometric analysis is to provide an innovative perspective for advancing scientific research within a specific field. This study seeks to conduct a multidimensional analysis of the characteristics of highly cited documents on COVID-19, using data indexed in the Web of Science from 2013 to 2022. Methodology: This applied study employs a documentary approach utilizing bibliometric methods. The sample comprised 11,512 highly cited documents related to COVID-19, indexed in the Web of Science database between 2013 and 2022. Data analysis was conducted using Excel, HistCite, ISI.exe, and VOSviewer software. Findings: The publication of highly cited documents in the field of COVID-19 initially followed an upward trend, peaking in 2020 and 2021, before declining after 2021. Among academic institutions, Huazhong University of Science and Technology led the rankings, receiving 7,122 local citations and 129,224 global citations, with an average of 532 citations per document, earning the title of the most influential university in the COVID-19 domain. Influential research in this field has been dominated by advanced countries such as the United States, China, and the United Kingdom. These three countries have played a pivotal role in advancing COVID-19-related knowledge by contributing more than 50% of the documents. Original articles accounted for the largest share of highly cited COVID-19 documents, with 9,465 documents (82.2%), which received 80,352 local citations and 1,785,024 global citations. Review articles followed with 1,946 documents (16.9%), garnering 10,513 local citations and 368,254 global citations. Among the top 20 most influential journals, The New England Journal of Medicine, The Lancet, and Nature ranked first, receiving 115,840, 95,567, and 79,207 global citations, respectively, as well as 8,455, 7,041, and 6,798 local citations, respectively. Accordingly, The New England Journal of Medicine was recognized as the most influential journal in the COVID-19 field due to its highest number of global citations. In general, 40% of journals with impact factors ranging from 6 to 100 have published 66.5% of the highly cited documents. Out of 1,987 journal titles, 1,110 titles (55.86%) are in the first quartile, collectively publishing 8,726 documents (75.80% of all highly cited documents). In fact, 95% of the highly cited COVID-19 documents were published in journals within the first and second quartiles. The results indicate that the highly cited documents have an average length of 12.11 pages, with titles averaging 14 words; 73% of the document titles fall within a range of 12 ± 5 words. Of the 11,512 highly cited documents, 6,818 (59.23%) were funded. Among these funded documents, the largest share (2,130 documents, or 18.50%) was supported by a single funding source only, with an average of 2.8 funding sources per document. Additional findings revealed that the majority of highly cited documents were published in the field of medical sciences and related disciplines, comprising 9,482 documents (57.55%). This was followed by basic sciences with 3,338 documents (20.26%) and humanities with 2,502 documents (15.18%). Furthermore, engineering accounted for 668 documents (4.05%), and social sciences accounted for 487 documents (2.96%). Other results showed that 20 funding agencies supported 5,726 documents, representing approximately 84% of the funded documents. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) ranked first, funding 1,950 documents (28.60%), followed by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) with 818 documents (12%), and the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) with 502 documents (7.36%). Among the top 20 funding sources, the highest number of documents were supported by agencies from the United States (2,369 documents, 34.75%), China (1,305 documents, 19.15%), and the United Kingdom (1,236 documents, 18.12%). Together, these three countries supported 72% of the highly cited COVID-19 documents. Conclusion: A comprehensive analysis of highly cited COVID-19 publications provides valuable insights for the academic community, including researchers, students, and authors. The study highlights that specific structural features—such as page count, title length, journal impact factor, quartile ranking, subject focus, and availability of financial support—significantly influence citation frequency. These parameters not only reflect the quality and rigor of the research but also serve as reliable indicators of overall scholarly impact and visibility. Furthermore, the findings underscore that during global emergencies, the rapid publication of robust, highly cited research in prestigious journals enhances scientific communication, fosters collaboration, and accelerates knowledge advancement. In essence, this analysis offers a solid foundation for refining future research methodologies and publication strategies, thereby promoting more effective scientific discourse and enabling a more coordinated response to emerging global challenges with lasting significance.

Purpose: This research aims to explore and analyze trends in studies related to "attention measurement." Specifically, it examines the co-occurrence patterns of keywords and the co-authorship networks of researchers in this field. Methodology: This research employs a documentary approach, specifically utilizing bibliometric analysis. The data for this study were extracted from the reputable and comprehensive Web of Science database, covering the period from 2000 to 2025. For data analysis and pattern extraction related to the research topic, specialized bibliometric software such as VOSviewer and Biblioshiny were used. Findings: This study includes 1,519 documents with an average age of 8.75 years, spanning 474 publications. Each document has been cited an average of 30.61 times, and a total of 5,652 authors have contributed to their creation. The results indicate that research in this field is expanding. Studies in Iran began in 2016 and peaked in 2024, reflecting the growing interest of domestic researchers in this area. The top five countries publishing these documents are the United States, China, Germany, Australia, and the United Kingdom, with Iran ranking 15th with 39 articles. The most significant international collaborations involve China, the United States, Germany, the United Kingdom, and Australia. Of the 1,519 studies conducted between 2000 and 2025, the majority of documents fall into four main research areas: psychiatry, neuroscience, clinical neurology, and psychology. The leading authors, based on the number of articles published, are affiliated with the University of Wollongong and the University of London. Most of their work has appeared in the journals "Clinical Neurophysiology" and the "International Journal of Psychophysiology". Regarding frequently used terminology, the most commonly mentioned topics include measurement methods, electroencephalography, brain modeling, event-related potentials, brain-computer interfaces, deep learning, continuous performance tests, convolutional neural networks, and neuropsychology. This indicates the researchers' use of these methods in their studies and underscores their reliability. The emergence of terms such as "deep learning," "machine learning, neural networks," and "binary neural networks" reflects the recent global trend in research focusing on these advanced computational techniques. Conclusion: Based on the clustering of extracted keywords, nine distinct conceptual categories of documents were identified. These categories include concepts related to attention measurement and neuroscience, computational models of the brain and cognition, behavioral and cognitive studies, neurocognitive assessments, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, executive functions and attention, cognitive functions and emotions, auditory attention, and neurocognitive disorders. The most frequently repeated keywords pertain to measurement methods and tests in the fields of cognition and attention. These include electroencephalography, brain modeling, event-related potentials, brain-computer interfaces, deep learning, continuous performance tests, convolutional neural networks, and neuropsychology. Recent studies indicate a global shift in research focus toward deep learning and machine learning, highlighted by the rise of terms such as deep learning, machine learning, convolutional neural networks, and binary neural networks. The research suggests that Iranian researchers collaborate with international experts in attention assessment to enhance research quality and global impact. Such partnerships would enable them to learn new methodologies, utilize advanced equipment, and access extensive data, ultimately improving their scientific progress and credibility. Policymakers and scientific managers should evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of attention assessment research to develop fair policies that support researchers. These policies should provide both material and moral support to outstanding researchers, enhance research impact, and strengthen the country's scientific reputation by encouraging publication in reputable journals and promoting international collaborations. Future research should evaluate Iran's scientific productivity, competence, and network analyses in the field of attention assessment, comparing these metrics with those of developed and regional countries using citation databases such as Scopus and PubMed. Employing co-word analysis methods, the intellectual structure of the attention assessment field should be examined and compared using two types of keywords: abstract keywords and author-assigned keywords. Additionally, the factors facilitating and hindering scientific collaboration among Iranian researchers in the field of attention assessment should be investigated. The co-citation networks of Iranian researchers studying attention assessment should be analyzed, and the scientific outputs related to attention measurement tools must be reviewed within citation databases. This review should emphasize influential factors affecting attention as well as research focused on attention disorders. Furthermore, examining the impact of social and cultural factors on research design facilitates the adaptation of methods to diverse populations and highlights cultural variability. Investigating ethical considerations in research encourages responsible practices and the development of ethical guidelines. Additionally, understanding the genetic factors associated with attention and its disorders offers valuable insights into their underlying causes, with relevant keywords aiding in the comparison of research findings.

هدف: حضور و فعالیت خبرگان و دانشمندان هر رشته‌ در بیش از یک مجله، به‌عنوان پدیدة درهم‌تنیدگی اعضای هیئت تحریریه شناخته می‌شود. هدف اصلی پژوهش حاضر، مطالعة ارتباط آماری شاخص‏های جمعیت شناختی و علم‏سنجی با پدیدة درهم‌تنیدگی اعضای هیئت تحریریه در مجلات حوزة نجوم و اخترفیزیک است. روش‌شناسی: این پژوهش با بهره‌گیری از روش­ها و شاخص­های علم­سنجی و با رویکرد توصیفی- تحلیلی انجام‌شده است. جامعة آماری پژوهش شامل اعضای هیئت تحریریه تمامی مجلات حوزة نجوم و اخترفیزیک نمایه شده در پایگاه وب‌آوساینس است. این حوزه، از موضوعات راهبردی در سیاست‌گذاری‏های کلان علم و فناوری کشور به شمار می‌رود. یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان می‌دهد بین جنسیت و مرتبه علمی با میزان درهم‌تنیدگی اعضای هیئت تحریریه مجلات نجوم و اخترفیزیک تفاوت معنا‌داری وجود ندارد. همچنین، بین ضریب تأثیر و چارک مجلات با میزان درهم‌تنیدگی، ارتباط معناداری مشاهده نشد. بین استنادات مجلات نجوم و اخترفیزیک و میزان درهم‌تنیدگی اعضای هیئت تحریریه نیز رابطه معنا‌داری وجود ندارد. در مقابل، همبستگی نسبتاً بالا و رابطة مستقیمی میان میزان تولیدات علمی کشورها و تعداد اعضای هیئت تحریریة آن‌ها در مجلات دیده می‌شود. نتیجه‌گیری: یافته‌های این پژوهش حاکی از آن است که عوامل فردی نظیر جنسیت، مرتبه علمی، ضریب تأثیر و تعداد استنادات، تأثیر قابل‌توجهی بر پدیدة درهم‌تنیدگی هیئت تحریریه مجلات نجوم و اخترفیزیک ندارند. این پدیده بیشتر متأثر از ساختارهای شبکه‌ای و پیوندهای اجتماعی است تا ویژگی‌های فردی. همچنین، کشورهایی با تولید علمی بالا مانند آمریکا، روسیه و انگلستان نقش مؤثرتری در این درهم‌تنیدگی ایفا می‌کنند؛ چراکه از منابع علمی و زیرساخت‌های پژوهشی پیشرفته‌تری نسبت به کشورهای درحال‌توسعه برخوردارند. به‌طورکلی، می‏توان گفت درهم‌تنیدگی بیشتر به تعاملات بین‌المللی و همکاری‏های علمی وابسته است. از محدودیت‏های این پژوهش، می‌توان به‌ضرورت انجام مطالعه‌ای مشابه دربارة مجلات فارسی نجوم و اخترفیزیک در پایگاه ISCو بررسی سایر شاخص‌ها و متغیرهای علم‏سنجی مرتبط با مجلات، همچنین مطالعة درهم‌تنیدگی اعضای هیئت تحریریه مجلات سایر گرایش‏های فیزیک اشاره کرد.

هدف: افزایش جرائم سایبری در سال‌های اخیر و افزایش هزینه‌های ناشی از خسارت‌های وارده در این حوزه موجب شده است که مدیران، سیاست‌گذاران و دولتمردان بیش‌ازپیش به امنیت سایبری توجه نشان دهند. بااین‌‌حال، درصد کمی از متخصصان دید جامعی نسبت به موضوع‌های مهم این حوزه دارند. این پژوهش باهدف شناسایی موضوع‌های محرک، تخصصی، ضروری و پایه‌ای حوزه امنیت سایبری و همچنین بررسی روندهای موضوعی در سال‌های مختلف انجام‌شده است. علاوه بر این، شناسایی موضوع‌های نوظهور و روند تاریخی ظهور و افول موضوع‌ها در دوره‌های زمانی مختلف از دیگر اهداف این پژوهش است.روش‌شناسی: رویکرد مطالعه، علم‌سنجی است و از روش تحلیل هم‌رخدادی، تحلیل شبکه‌های اجتماعی و شاخص‌های مرکزیت و چگالی استفاده‌شده است. جامعة آماری پژوهش، کلیة مقاله‌های منتشرشده (تعداد 2720 مقاله) در حوزة امنیت سایبری در پایگاه وب‌آو‌ساینس از سال 2004 تا 2024 است. به‌منظور تحلیل هم‌واژگانی و تشکیل خوشه‌ها، فهرست لغات یکپارچه و بازدارنده ساخته شد و برای تحلیل داده‌ها از نرم‌افزار ووس ویور و افزونة تحت وب بیبلیوشاینی استفاده گردید.یافته‌ها: شبکه هم‌رخدادی واژه‌ها نشان داد که موضوع‌های مدیریت ریسک و یادگیری ماشین بیشترین رخداد را در پژوهش‌ها به خود اختصاص داده‌اند و دارای بیشترین قدرت ارتباطی با سایر موضوع‌ها هستند. موضوع‌های کلاهبرداری، مدل‌های داده‌ای، یادگیری یکپارچه و تحول دیجیتال ازجمله مهم‌ترین موضوع‌های سال 2024 بوده است. خوشة یادگیری ماشین دارای بیشترین مرکزیت و تراکم است.نتیجه‌گیری: تحلیل منطقی روند تحولات پژوهشی در حوزه امنیت سایبری در بانک­ها طی دو دهه گذشته حاکی از گذار مفهومی از موضوع‌های سنتی همچون «ریسک سرمایه» و «امنیت اطلاعات» به سمت مفاهیم نوینی مانند «یادگیری ماشین»، «یادگیری یکپارچه» و «کشف هوشمند کلاهبرداری» است. بازیگران اصلی در این حوزه فناوری‌های نوظهور مانند «یادگیری یکپارچه»، «هوش مصنوعی» و «فناوری مالی» هستند که نقشی کلیدی در بازتعریف الگوهای امنیتی ایفا می‌کنند.

هدف: هدف این پژوهش، شناسایی ساختار مفهومی پژوهش‌های مرتبط با علوم اعصاب در پایگاه کلاریویت آنلیتیکس و کشف زیرحوزه‌ها و ابعاد مهم مفهوم است.روش‌شناسی: این پژوهش با استفاده از روش‌های کتاب‌سنجی و تحلیل هم‌رخدادی واژگان انجام‌شده است. تعداد 19701 مدرک در بازة زمانی 1985 تا 2024 از پایگاه کلاریویت آنلیتیکس استخراج گردید تا روند پژوهش‌های مرتبط با علوم اعصاب بررسی شود. از تحلیل خوشه‌ای و نمودار راهبردی برای ترسیم ساختار مفهومی پژوهش‌های حوزة علوم اعصاب استفاده‌شده است. داده‌ها با بهره‌گیری از نرم‌افزارهای تخصصی بیب اکسل، ووس ویور و یوسی‌آی‌نت پردازش شدند.یافته‌ها: تحلیل داده‌های پژوهش نشان داد که مفاهیم مرتبط با علوم اعصاب، بیماری آلزایمر و آسیب‌شناسی عصبی از بیشترین فراوانی برخوردارند. یافته‌های تحلیل خوشه‌ای نشان داد که مفاهیم این حوزه در شش خوشه، ناقل عصبی (عصب رسانا)، اختلالات عصب‌شناختی، عصب‌شناسی شناختی، اتصالات عصبی، بازاریابی عصبی، و درد و اختلالات عصبی رشدی. یافته‌ها همچنین نشان داد که خوشه اتصالات عصبی، یکی از حوزه‌های نوظهور در پژوهش‌های علوم اعصاب به شمار می‌رود.نتیجه‌گیری: این مطالعه نشان ‌داد که علوم اعصاب، به‌عنوان حوزه‌ای پویا و بین‌رشته‌ای، ظرفیت بالایی برای توسعه پژوهش‌های آینده در زمینه‌های مختلف دارد. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که خوشه‌های اختلالات عصب‌شناختی (2) و عصب‌شناسی شناختی (3) از موضوعات محوری در حوزة علوم اعصاب محسوب می‌شوند.

هدف: پژوهش حاضر با هدف ارزیابی­ کمی مشخصات­ پژوهشی و تحلیل گرایش­های­ موضوعی پایان­نامه­های رشته آموزش ریاضی در دانشگاه­­ شهید رجایی و دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم­­ و­ تحقیقات تهران انجام‌شده است تا دورنمایی از مسیر توسعة دانش در این حوزه ترسیم و روند تحقیقات در این دو دانشگاه­ مقایسه شود. روش‌شناسی: این مطالعه از نوع توصیفی-تحلیلی و به روش تحلیل محتوا انجام‌شده است. جامعة ­آماری شامل 178 پایان­نامه­­ از دانشگاه شهید رجایی و 434 پایان‌نامه از دانشگاه آزاد واحد علوم و تحقیقات در رشتة آموزش ریاضی است. در این پژوهش، مشخصات ­پژوهشی پایان­نامه­ها ازنظر روند تولید، توزیع ­­پدیدآورندگان، جامعة ­آماری و نمونه، روش­شناسی و کلیدواژه­ها بررسی شد. همچنین، گرایش ­موضوعی پایان­نامه­ها با استفاده از مدل کاسترو­ و گومز در چهار دستة سطوح آموزشی، محتوای ریاضی، مفاهیم آموزشی و مبانی آموزش ریاضی تحلیل گردید. یافته‌ها: در سال­های اخیر روند تولید پایان­نامه­ها در هر دو دانشگاه مورد اشاره با کاهش نسبی مواجه بوده است. جامعة آماری موردمطالعه‌ اغلب شامل دانش­آموزان­­ دورة متوسطه­­ دوم بوده و روش­های نمونه­گیری­ خوشه­ای و در دسترس، بیشترین فراوانی را داشته­اند. درحالی‌که پراکندگی و تنوع جامعة آماری و روش­های نمونه­گیری در دانشگاه علوم و تحقیقات بیشتر بوده است، اکثر پایان­نامه­های هر دو دانشگاه دارای ماهیت ­توصیفی، رویکردی کمی و هدف ­کاربردی هستند و با استفاده از روش­های پیمایشی و شبه آزمایشی و ابزارهایی چون پرسشنامه و آزمون انجام‌شده‌اند. همچنین، تمرکز موضوعی پایان­نامه­ها بر سطح آموزشی دورة ­­متوسطه بوده است و ازنظر مبانی آموزش ریاضی، اهداف آموزش ریاضی بیش از سایر موضوعات در هر دو دانشگاه مورد توجه قرارگرفته‌اند. افزون بر این، مفاهیم ­آموزشی دستاوردهای ­یادگیری، روش­های ­تدریس، منابع ­آموزشی، درک ­و فهم و حل مسئله بیشترین فراوانی را در بین پایان‌نامه‌ها داشته‌اند. ازنظر محتوای ریاضی نیز بیشتر دانشجویان در پایان‌نامه‌های خود پیرامون موضوعات هندسه و جبر به تحقیق پرداخته‌اند. نتیجه‌گیری: رویکرد پژوهشی در هر دو دانشگاه به‌طور نسبی مشابه است و دستاوردهای یادگیری ریاضیات ­در مدرسه مهم­ترین دغدغة پژوهشگران محسوب می‌شود. اگرچه تعداد پایان­نامه­های دانشگاه ­رجایی کمتر است اما محتوای ریاضی بیشتر و مفاهیم ­آموزشی جزئی­تری در آن­ها دیده می­شود. در این پژوهش، همچنین خلأهای­ موجود در گرایش آموزش ریاضی برای پژوهش­های آتی نیز شناسایی شد.