Autumn freshtea leaves were used as raw materials,and the optimal extraction process of instant black tea was determined by single factor and orthogonal test.The effects of ultrasonic extraction power,extraction temperature and extraction time on the quality and extraction rate of instant black tea were investigated.The results showed that the extraction power was 300 W,the extraction temperature was 50℃,and the extraction time was 20 min.The instant black tea soup was bright orange red in color,free of sediment,pure in aroma,mellow and pure in taste,fast and uniform in dissolution.The content of tea polyphenols was 19.06%,the content of caffeine was 9.46%,the content of free amino acids was 6.55%,the content of soluble sugar was 5.59%,and theaflavins content was 1.64%.The optimized ultrasonic extraction process of instant black tea is reasonable,stable,feasible and reproducible,and the quality of instant black tea is better,which can provide technical supports for the intensive processing and utilization of summer and autumn tea resources.
Pengze County of Jiangxi Province was taken as an example,based on the identification and classification of the elements of production-living-ecological space,this paper studied the suitability of development and construction of the territorial space,comprehensively evaluated the suitability of the land for the construction of production-living-ecological space,and deeply discussed the suitability and spatial distribution model of the county spatial development and construction based on production-living-ecological space coordination.The results show that the area of production-living-ecological space in the region is 375.93,1071.11 and 85.24 km2 respectively,accounting for 24.53%,69.90%and 5.57%of the total area respectively.Production space is mainly concentrated in the west and north,and living space is mainly located in the central part of the country,including the towns and urban periphery,while the ecological space is mainly distributed in the south and east,and is widely distributed along the hills and mountains as well as the waters.Overall,Pengze County has a wide range of highly and moderately suitable areas in the county space,accounting for about 42.31%of the county's land area.The focus is on waters,rural living and leisure space and agricultural production space.The most suitable areas account for about 43.91%of the countryside area,mainly including ecological spaces such as basic farmland and water system woodland.The low and unsuitable areas,account for more than 13.78%of the total area of the township,and are mainly located in the dryland areas.
The coupling and coordination relationship between the efficiency of cultivated land utilization and the capacity of grain production,as well as its influencing factors,have significant implications for tapping the potential of cultivated production and ensuring food security.The SBM-Undesirable model,the coupling coordination model and the geographic detector were comprehensively used to investigate the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics and influencing factors of the coupling and coordinated development of cultivated utilization efficiency and grain production capacity in the Dongting Lake area.The study found that from 2007 to 2020,the overall efficiency of cultivated utilization in the Dongting Lake area showed an increasing trend.75%of the counties achieved a development transition from mild imbalance or imminent imbalance to barely coordinated,ultimately forming a spatial distribution pattern of low in the middle and high on both sides.The factor detection results showed that the influencing factors have stage characteristics in different periods,and per capita net income of rural residents,output value of the secondary industry,and government fiscal expenditure were the dominant factors.The interaction detection results all showed enhanced or nonlinear enhanced dual-factor interaction,and the interaction effect can significantly improve the level of coupling and coordination development.Based on this,relevant suggestions are proposed to promote the coupling and coordination development of cultivated utilization efficiency and grain production capacity in the Dongting Lake area.
Based on the current situation of agricultural development,the strategy and requirements for high-quality agricultural development in the Yellow River region of Ningxia,an evaluation index system for high-quality agricultural development level was established from five criteria layers:technological innovation,coordinated development,green production,industrial efficiency,and shared development.The entropy weighted TOPSIS model was used to measure the level of high-quality agricultural development in the Yellow River region of Ningxia,and then the obstacle model was used to analyze its influencing factors.The results show that the high-quality development level of agriculture in Ningxia from 2016 to 2020 showed a fluctuating growth trend,and the development of the five dimensions was relatively coordinated.In 2020,the highest level of high-quality agricultural development was found in the Western Xia region of the 13 counties along the Yellow River in Ningxia,while the lowest level was found in Zhongning County.In response to the above situation,we will increase technological innovation and assist in high-quality development,enhance industrial efficiency,promote coordinated development,emphasize green production and achieve sustainable development.
The two new lines of Ningdu yellow chicken were used as the research object,and two growth stages were selected:42～56 and 84～98 day old.The remaining feed intake,daily average feed intake,body weight gain,and other indicators were measured,and genetic parameters were analyzed.The results showed that there were significant differences in remaining feed intake,metabolic weight,and average daily gain between the two lines.The residual feed intake of the two strains showed moderate heritability and had moderate positive genetic correlation with feed conversion rate and average daily feed intake(ra＞0.30),but had negative genetic correlation with metabolic weight and average daily gain.The residual feed intake has a correlation with the carcass traits and will be beneficial for improving the carcass traits of Ningdu yellow chicken strains.The research results indicate that residual feed intake and growth traits are independent of each other.Taking residual feed intake as a selection trait is more conducive to improving the feed conversion efficiency of the two strains of Ningdu yellow chicken without affecting growth traits.It can also be used for indirect selection of carcass traits,which has important guiding significance for the balanced breeding of Ningdu yellow chicken.
