Aim: Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) and Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) are conditions associated with central sensitization, stress, anxiety, and sleep disturbances, and may therefore share a common etiopathogenetic basis. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of TMD in patients diagnosed with RLS and to evaluate the relationship between the presence of TMD and disease activity.Methods: This study was conducted at the Neurology and Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of Düzce University Faculty of Medicine Research and Application Hospital. A total of 83 patients aged 18–65 years, diagnosed with RLS by a neurologist based on the four essential diagnostic criteria of the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group (IRLSSG), were included in the study. The Fonseca Anamnestic Index (FA) was used for TMD assessment, while the severity of RLS was measured using the Restless Legs Syndrome Severity Scale (RLSSS).Results: Of the participants, 73.5% (n=61) were female and 26.5% (n=22) were male, with a mean age of 58.55±13.32 years. Complaints related to bruxism were identified in 36.1% of patients with RLS. According to FA results, 49.4% (n=41) of patients were found to be at risk for TMD. Statistical analysis revealed no significant difference between RLSSS scores and the presence of TMD (p=0.130). However, a moderate, positive, and statistically significant correlation was found between RLSSS and FA scores (r=0.328; p=0.002).Conclusion: Approximately half of the patients diagnosed with RLS are at risk for TMD. The FA can be used as a practical and effective screening tool for evaluating TMD in RLS patients. Nevertheless, larger-scale studies incorporating comprehensive clinical examinations and advanced diagnostic methods are needed to confirm TMD diagnosis.
Aim: To investigate the relationships among nursing students’ perceived support and stress levels during clinical practice and the patience levels of clinical nurses.Method: A cross-sectional research design was used. This study was conducted between May and June 2024 with nursing students from the Faculty of Health Sciences at a university in Kayseri, in the Central Anatolia Region of Türkiye. The study population consisted of 258 undergraduate nursing students in the Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, and 74 clinical nurses responsible for mentoring students during clinical practice. The sample included 213 nursing students and 61 clinical nurses who agreed to participate. As outcome measures, students’ stress level, the level of support they perceived from nurses, and nurses’ patience level were measured. Data were collected using structured questionnaires administered face-to-face. The data were evaluated using descriptive statistical methods, parametric and nonparametric tests to assess differences between groups, the Pearson Correlation analysis, and structural equation modelling.Results: It was determined that nurses’ patience level significantly affected the level of support perceived by nursing students from nurses. In addition, it was revealed that the level of support perceived from nurses substantially affects the level of clinical stressor perception of students. The model explained 48.4% of the changes in the level of support perceived from nurses and 32.4% of the changes in the level of clinical stressor perception. Conclusion: This study revealed that the levels of support and stress perceived by nursing students in clinical practice processes were significantly related to the patience levels of nurses; it emphasized that selecting patience nurses as mentors in nursing education is a critical step.
Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the performance of large language models (LLMs)—ChatGPT-4.o, Google Gemini Advanced 2.0, and DeepSeek—in answering Turkish-language ophthalmology questions from the Turkish Medical Specialty Examination (TUS), and to compare their accuracy rates with those of ophthalmology trainees.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 70 multiple-choice ophthalmology questions from TUS (1987–2021) were selected and categorized into six main topics: cornea-ocular surface, lens, retina, glaucoma, neuro-ophthalmology, and general ophthalmology. A total of 19 ophthalmology research assistants were grouped by their residency year. The same questions were presented to the trainees and to the three LLMs. Accuracy rates were calculated and compared using the chi-square test.Results: Among the trainees, the highest accuracy rate was observed in the third-year group, with 97.1%, while Gemini and DeepSeek stood out with 92.9% accuracy among the LLMs, ChatGPT-4.o achieved 85.7% accuracy. In the lens diseases group, the LLMs performed the lowest, whereas in retina diseases, the trainees showed the lowest performance. All LLMs achieved an overall accuracy rate of above 85%, with no significant difference between them (p>0.05).Conclusion: LLMs can achieve high accuracy rates in ophthalmology exam questions and provide results close to human performance. These findings suggest that these models could be used as helpful tools in medical education and evaluation processes. However, to ensure the safe use of these models in clinical settings, their accuracy needs to be tested in studies with larger participation, and they must be specifically developed for each specialty.
Amaç: Fibula’nın proksimal, corpus ve distal segmentlerindeki yapıları kapsamlı bir şekilde incelemek, klinik açıdan anlamlı boyutlarını değerlendirmektir.Yöntemler: Araştırma 23 fibula (13 sol, 10 sağ) üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Morfometrik parametreler gonyometre, dijital kumpas ve mezura kullanılarak ölçülmüştür. Morfolojik parametreler, iki araştırmacı tarafından bağımsız olarak yapılan gözlemlerin karşılaştırılmasıyla değerlendirilmiştir.Bulgular: Ortalama fibula uzunluğu 340,49±22,06 mm ve ortalama foramen nutricium mesafesi 165,53± 33,04 mm bulundu. Facies articularis capitis fibulae şekli, en sık oval formunda (%34,8); fossa malleoli lateralis şekli ise en sık konkav formunda (%91,3) gözlendi. Toplam 25 adet foramen nutricium (19 tek, 3 çift) bulundu, bunların tümünün fibula’nın 1/3 orta bölümünde konumlandığı saptandı. Foramen nutricium’un gözlendiği fibula yüzleri ve kenar bilgilerine bakıldığında en sık facies posterior üzerinde olduğu görüldü. Örneklerin %26,1’inde crista medialis’in facies posterior’da bulunmadığı gözlendi. Foramen nutricium yönünün en fazla oranda yukarı yönelimli (%72) olduğu gözlendi.Sonuç: Tüm fibula segmentlerindeki yapılar, önceki çalışmalara kıyasla daha geniş bir parametre yelpazesi kullanılarak toplu ve eş zamanlı olarak incelenmiştir. Fibula’ya dair veriler, yaralanma mekanizmasını, kemik parçası analizlerini, fibula rekonstrüksiyonunu ve foramen nutricium’a zarar gelmesini önleyen cerrahi prosedürleri belirlemek için kullanılabilir.
Aim: Depression and quality of life are important issues to focus on in caregivers due to the daily needs (such as nutrition, personal hygiene) and concerns about functional independence levels of the children with cerebral palsy (CP) they care for, the management of motor impairments, and psychological stress they are exposed to. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between oral-motor functions, functional independence, and sleep quality in children with CP and depression and quality of life in caregivers.Methods: Twenty-three children (mean age was 10.9±6.9 years) who were being followed up with a diagnosis of CP and their caregivers whose mean age was 45.9±11.2 (23 individuals) were enrolled into this cross-sectional study. Oral motor functions, functional independence level and sleep quality of children with CP were evaluated using the Karaduman Chewing Performance Scale, Pediatric Eating Assessment Tool-10 (PEDI-EAT-10), Pediatric Functional Independence Measure (WeeFIM) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, respectively. Caregivers’ depression and quality of life level were assessed by Beck Depression Inventory and EuroQol scale (EQ-5D-3L). Results: A positive, moderate, statistically significant relationship was found between the quality of life level of the caregivers and the functional independence level of the children with CP (r=.515, p=0.024), while there was no other significant relationship between other variables of children with CP and their caregivers. On the other hand, the swallowing function of children was correlated with the sleep quality of caregivers (r=.514, p=0.012).Conclusion: The findings of the study revealed that the quality of life in caregivers was related to the functional independence level of children with CP. From this perspective, it was concluded that the necessary assessment, treatment, and clinical follow-up should be carried out carefully in order to improve the quality of life and sleep in caregivers and to increase swallowing and functional independence in children with CP.
