Fundacion para el Fomento y Promocion de la Investigacion y Transferencia de Tecnologia Agropecuaria/[]/FITTACORI/Costa Rica
Part of animal production systems in Brazil have in the pastures of Megathyrsus genre grasses their main fodder source. However, there are qualitative and quantitative variations during the year, where forage production can be divided into two seasons: (i) rainy, when there is great availability of forage with good nutritional value; and (ii) dry, when its growth is restricted with consequent reduction in nutritive value. Thus, to conserve the excess forage produce in rainy season as silage is a viable alternative to reduce the effects of seasonality. However, several factors can influence the final quality of silage produced, those related to characteristics of the forage plant, ensilage procedures, or microbial and fermentative activity. In this sense, it is necessary to use additives that aim to minimize secondary fermentations, increase nutritive value, increase soluble carbohydrate contents and modulate desirable fermentations. Based on this context, the aim of this review was to contextualize the ensilage of Megathyrsus genre grasses, in addition to its advantages and limitations due to the quality of the fermentation processes and the silage itself.
The State of Mato Grosso is the largest national producer of popcorn, however there is little research on agroclimatic zoning involving the crop. Thus, the objective of this work was to perform the agroclimatic risk zoning of second crop popcorn corn for the State, using the GIS tool and geostatistics. This work was carried out on the premises of the State University of Mato Grosso. For soil types classified according to the clay content, water storage capacity (CAD) and water satisfaction and need index (ISNA). Meteorological data from 36 meteorological stations in the state of interest and neighboring states were used, the data were tabulated in CLIMATE software, and ISNA values were calculated using a spreadsheet in Excel TM environment. Interpolation of ISNA values were made by ordinary kriging. We used the fitness classes for the popcorn crop: a) Apta (ISNA >= 0.55); b) Restricted (0.45 <ISNA <0.55) and c) inapt (<= 0.45). The interpolating model presented the best fit to the data was the spherical model, commonly used for meteorological data. Sowing of popcorn was deemed fit throughout the state in the period between the first and fourth ten-day period (January 1 through February 10), and unfit after the ninth ten days with the exception irrigated areas.
With the industrialization of agricultural processes in rural properties, including poultry has had significant increases in production capacity. The breeding of birds through confinement has generated production residues, such as poultry litter, which, when discarded "in natura", causes environmental damage, and therefore, a differentiated management is necessary. There is a need for the study for a new destination for these wastes, taking advantage for the production of heat energy. This work aimed to evaluate the technical viability of the production of briquettes with poultry litter, from physical and chemical analysis of the final product obtained, as well as the resulting ash. Using a hydraulic press, briquettes from eight substrates composed of chicken and turkey beds mixed with sawdust and sugarcane bagasse were compressed in pre-established proportions. The analyzes showed that the pure turkey bed presented the highest humidity (53.89%). The sawdust turkey bed briquette had the highest calorific value [3.61 kcal g(-1) (kilocalories per gram)]. The ash from the burning of the briquettes presented in its composition essential components such as phosphorus, potassium, calcium, manganese and nitrogen in amounts, providing its use as fertilizer. The results of the study showed that the compost in chicken and turkey poultry litter burned by briquettes for heat generation proved to be technically feasible. Moreover, the ashes resulting from the burning process have potential as fertilizer can be used on plantations.
El cultivo de trigo ( Triticum aestivum L.) es de gran importancia en el mundo. Entre las diversas limitaciones del cultivo estan las gestiones relacionadas con la fertilizacion nitrogenada y el control de enfermedades, que limitan la productividad. En medio de varios productos utilizados en el trigo, un grupo quimico, las estrobilurinas, aumenta la actividad de la enzima nitrato reductasa, lo que potencia la asimilacion de nitrogeno por parte de la planta. El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo evaluar el efecto fisiologico en las plantas de trigo mediante la aplicacion del fungicida piraclostrobina en relacion con el contenido de N aplicado en la cubierta. El experimento llevado a cabo en los campos CEDETEG de la Universidad Estatal del Medio Oeste, se realizo en un invernadero bajo un esquema factorial 2x5, con cuatro repeticiones dispuestas en un bloque aleatorio, el primero compuesto de dos niveles: con aplicacion de piractrostrobina y sin aplicacion de piractrostrobina, el el segundo factor fueron diferentes dosis de nitrogeno, a saber: 0.0 kg ha -1 ; 30 kg ha -1 ; 41 kg ha -1 ; 71 kg ha -1 ; 101 kg ha -1 . Las plantas rociadas y no rociadas, sometidas a dosis crecientes de nitrogeno, muestran un aumento lineal en su contenido de clorofila. El aumento de la masa fresca y seca, se observo solo entre las plantas sometidas a la aplicacion de piraclotrobina.
