The dynamic development pattern of gains distribution in global value chain restructuring shows that the relative gains of China’s manufacturing industry has improved significantly, but its trade profitability has been weakened by the impact of the Sino-US trade war; at the same time, China is still in a relatively weak position in the distribution of service trade gains; the manufacturing process is the most important source of gains in China, the profitability of management process continues to be low, and the relative profitability of R＆D and marketing process grows slowly. The restructuring of trade gain distribution in global value chain has a profound impact on China. The external circulation’s driving effect on China’s economic development has been weakened; China has more strategic space to take the initiative to restructure the value chain by relying on the large domestic market under the strategic adjustment of multinational corporations; intensified competition in digital technologies pose severe challenges to China’s move up to higher end of the global value chain. China should shift the endogenous driving force for value creation from the international market to the large domestic market; expand the advantage of value chains division from the field of manufacturing to service; integrates into the global innovation chains with institutional openness actively; restructure the regional value chains through RCEP and the Belt and Road Initiative, and achieve mutual benefits and win-win results in the redistribution of trade gains in global value chains.
Urbanization is a key task for the economic and social development of countries along the "Belt and Road", and it is also an important support for countries to achieve carbon reduction goals. Based on the panel data of62 countries along the "Belt and Road" from 2002 to 2021, this paper analyzes the effects of urbanization development on carbon emissions. The results of the study show that: Firstly, urbanization in the countries along the Belt and Road has a significant contribution to the growth of carbon emissions in general; In the countries along the "Belt and Road",the impact of urbanization on carbon emissions has a significant single-threshold effect, and after the development of urbanization reaches a certain level, the negative effect of urbanization on carbon emissions is significantly weakened;There are significant differences in the impact of urbanization on carbon emissions in countries along the "Belt and Road" with different levels of economic development.
This study clarifies the connotation and extension of the "External Circulation" of the digital economy from four aspects: cross-border digital trade, overseas expansion of local digital platform enterprises, interface with high-standard digital trade rules, and participation in building a global data governance system. In view of the development potential of China’s digital economy and the difficulties it faces, this study clarifies the strategic positioning of China’s digital economy, accelerates the layout and construction of digital trade, accelerates cooperation in digital technology innovation, and accelerates the opening up of the system.
The "U.S.-Taiwan Initiative on 21st-Century Trade" is an institutionalized arrangement by the United States to induce the DPP authorities to continue to do its best to act as a pawn to contain China, and it is an important layout for implementing the "new colonial" strategy against Taiwan. In order to continue to "rely on the United States to resist China-Mainland", the DPP authorities will inevitably sacrifice the interests of the people in the negotiations in exchange for an agreement, seek to be deeply embedded in the US "Indo-Pacific Economic Framework", weaken the resilience of cross-strait economic and trade relations, and highlight Taiwan’s strategic position. It can be predicted that the "U.S.-Taiwan Initiative on 21st-Century Trade" will have a profound impact on Taiwan’s economy and society.
Using the sample data of 65 developing countries in the world from 1999 to 2019, first, this paper uses the foreign exchange market pressure indicators to measure foreign exchange market risk of financial openness in developing countries, and then analyzes the nonlinear risk effects of FDI inflows, debt investment inflows and stock portfolio investment inflows based on a dynamic panel dual-threshold regression model, which uses the level of financial development and institutional quality as threshold variables. The empirical results show that cross-border capital inflows have a nonlinear risk promoting effect on foreign exchange markets of developing countries. The financial opening of the host countries with different initial levels of financial development has a "U"-shaped risk-promoting effect of cross-border capital inflows, while those risk effect is negatively correlated with the initial level of host country’s institutional quality. This conclusion is found to be robust after replacing the key core explanatory variables and using the subsample test.
