Yangchun City, a typical polymetallic ore distribution area in Guangdong Province (China), was selected as the research region to study the content, distribution, source, and possible impacts of heavy metals (HMs) (Arsenic: As; Cadmium: Cd; Chromium: Cr; Copper: Cu; Mercury: Hg; Nickel: Ni; Lead: Pb; and Zinc: Zn) on the farmland soil of this City. According to our findings, the spatial distribution of HMs in Yangchun City shows higher concentrations in the north and southeast and lower in the west and other regions. Metal content in some sampled sites of the agricultural land exceeded the soil pollution risk screening values, particularly As (7.5%), Cd (12%), Cu (4%), Hg (14.5%), and Pb (3%). Additionally, the average content of As, Cu, Cd, Pb, Hg, and Zn from the studied areas surpassed the soil background value of Guangdong Province for all metals. The absolute principal component score-multiple linear regression (APCS-MLR) was used to identify potential sources of HMs in the soil samples. There are three potential sources identified by the model: traffic emissions, natural sources, and agricultural activities, accounting for 28.16%, 16.68%, and 14.42%, respectively. Based on the ecological risk assessment, the potential ecological risk (Eri = 310.77), Nemero pollution index (PN = 2.27), and multiple possible effect concentration quality (mPECQs = 0.23) indicated that the extent of heavy metal pollution in the soil samples was moderate. Three sources were identified: traffic emissions, natural sources, and agricultural activities. We suggest that by combining the above results, a monitoring and early warning system focused on Cd and Hg can be established. The system could utilize geographic information systems and remote sensing technologies to achieve dynamic monitoring and prediction of pollution. Regular testing of soils and sustainable management practices are also recommended to control and remediate contamination.
随着交通运输业的发展,城市交通运输已逐渐成为我国能源消耗及碳排放量增长的重要贡献者.本文综合以往研究,选取 5 个因素(社会经济、运输能力、人口因素、基础设施、科技投入),建立包含27 个指标的评价体系,利用主成分分析法计算 2001-2020 年各影响因素的主成分得分.研究结果有利于促进城市低碳交通的平稳发展,能够给城市交通运输绿色发展带来理论和路径启示.
为科学利用矿产资源,促进矿山经济可持续发展,同时保护地质环境和土地资源,按照"谁开发谁治理,谁破坏谁复垦"的原则,生产单位在完成矿产开发后需要对矿山地质环境进行恢复治理.本文以同心县某煤矿恢复治理工程为例,研究矿区地质环境恢复治理效果,为废弃矿山生态修复及后续管理提供参考.
In this study, a rapid method for determining total mercury in soil is established by cold solution digestion at room temperature-atomic fluorescence spectrometry, and samples are treated with cold solution digestion at room temperature of reverse aqua regia（volume ratio of concentrated hydrochloric acid to concentrated nitric acid is 1 ∶ 3）, and then detected by atomic fluorescence spectrometry. The results show that when the sample weight is 0.25 g and the constant volume is 25 mL, the detection limit of total mercury is 0.000 113 mg/kg, and the linear range of the method is 0.0 ～ 1.0 μg/L, with a linear correlation coefficient of 0.999 9. The precision of the three different mass concentration levels is 2.95% ～ 6.69%,and the recovery rate for spiking is 94.7% ～ 103.8%, the accuracy meets the requirements for quality control samples. This method is simple to operate, has high detection efficiency, fast detection speed, and low detection limit, and is suitable for the determination of total mercury in soil.
中国生态环境保护中,公众参与相关的法律法规体系逐步健全,监督与保障机制日趋完善,公众获取环境信息、参与环境决策、推动环境治理的范围更加广泛.伴随生态文明建设和生态环境保护新时代的到来,公众参与制度作为保障和实现环境权的重要途径,需要进一步厘清利益相关性、私利与公益、行政与司法三个维度的二元结构,除在环境立法与行政空间转向中促进环境信息的整合及数据化利用外,亦成为推动环境司法发展、打造共建共治共享社会治理格局的重要组成部分.
