This paper reviews the mechanism of glycation reaction,the classification of advanced glycation end products(AGEs),the effects of glycation on skin,the evaluation methods of anti-glycation efficacy and the current research status of the cell models used for the evaluation of anti-glycation efficacy at home and abroad.According to the different cell functions,the application of five types of keratinocytes(HaCaT),fibroblasts,immune cells(RAW264.7/THP-1),melanocytes and vascular endothelial cells(HUVECs)in the evaluation cell model of anti-glycation efficacy was summarized.They are aimed at the skin barrier damage,collagen loss,pigmentation,oxidative stress and inflammation caused by glycation.According to the different modeling stimulation modes,the application of three stimulation modes of high glucose,methylglyoxal/glyoxal(MGO/GO)and AGEs in the cell model of glycation injury was summarized,aiming at the early stage,middle and late stage of the mechanism of glycation reaction and the action stage of AGEs.This review looks forward to the application prospect of cell models for anti-glycation efficacy evaluation,in order to provide an experimental basis for the establishment of standard methods for anti-glycation efficacy evaluation cell models and provide a theoretical basis for the screening of anti-glycation efficacy raw materials.
Oily skincare is one of the common problems confronting young Chinese females.Currently,skin type characterization is largely based on self-reports and qualitative assessments by dermatologists.Quantitative classification approach for oily skin totally based on the non-invasive skin measurement devices has not been reported in the literatures.In this study,based on box-plot data and machine learning clustering algorithms for 2000 Chinese female subjects(mean aged 25.90±2.61),non-invasive,objective,and quantitative classification approach for oily skin were initially established and compared with dermatologists'empirical results for mutual corroboration.On this basis,this study quantitatively collected data on skin barrier,chromaticity,elasticity,acne and other indicators through a multifunctional probe tester and a facial skin imaging system,analyzed the accompanying characteristics of oily skin and susceptible skin problems,clarified the characteristics of oily skin in young Chinese females,and evaluated the risk level of acne and sensitivity of oily skin,with a view to providing scientific care and guidance for Chinese young females with oily skin groups.The results show that the box-plot classification method based on facial hydro-oil distribution is superior to the other two types of methods.The accompanying characteristics of oily skin are poor barrier,dull complexion,less elasticity,more acne and pores.In addition,the risk of acne-prone skin is significantly higher in oily skin based on odds ratio.
The strontium tungstate(SrWO4)photocatalyst with high oxygen defect and[WO4]tetrahedral lattice distortion was synthesized by oxalic acid complexation method.The SrWO4 photocatalyst was tetragonal phase,and the particles were approximately spherical and did not contain any impurities.There was a slight adhesion and agglomeration among the particles,and the average particle size was approximately 70 nm.The SrWO4 photocatalyst exhibited two distinct blue emission peaks at 400 and 440 nm under the excitation peak of 280 nm.Chlortetracycline hydrochloride was used as the target antibiotic to be degraded.The effects of antibiotic concentration,catalyst content and pH value on the photocatalytic activity of SrWO4 photocatalyst were studied.The experimental results showed that,the optimum antibiotic concentration,catalyst content and pH value for SrWO4 photocatalyst to degrade chlortetracycline hydrochloride were 100 mg/L,1 g/L and 5.6,respectively.The mechanism analysis showed that the oxygen defect and the lattice distortion of[WO4]tetrahedron in SrWO4 photocatalyst led to high photoluminescence and photocatalytic activity at the same time.
Delaying skin aging has always been a hot topic in cosmetic research.In recent years,it has been reported that active peptides have the effect of delaying skin aging,thus research on substances that delaying skin aging is of great significance to the development of cosmetics and the application in the field of skin treatment.In the present study,we evaluated the anti-aging abilities of five bioactive peptides and the enhancing effect of the poly-peptide composition containing five bioactive peptides by four cell experiments and Elisa assay of cell proliferation,anti-oxidation,anti-inflammation,and promotion of collagen.Then,UVB radiation combined with D-galactose subcutaneous injection was adopted to establish animal skin aging model to investigate the anti-aging effects of the poly-peptide composition.Our data demonstrates that the five bioactive peptides have certain ability to promote cell proliferation,anti-oxidation,anti-inflammatory and promote collagen synthesis,and the poly-peptide composition have a significant enhancing effect in vitro.Importantly,after the administration of poly-peptide composition in vivo,the epidermal thickness decreases and tends to restore to normal(P<0.05),and the contents of collagen and elastin increase,respectively(P<0.05).Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay results show that after the administration of poly-peptide composition,the expression of IL-1,IL-6,and TNF-α are down-regulated(P<0.05),the expression of MMP3 and MMP9 is inhibited(P<0.05),and the increased expression of β-galactosidase is significantly reduced(P<0.05).The above results suggest that the composition of five bioactive peptide can play an anti-aging effect on the skin caused by UVB radiation combined with D-galactose subcutaneous injection.
随着消费者对生活品质和情感体验的重视,产品设计已经不再只强调功能性,而更注重其美感和情感价值.因此,在日化产品设计中应用美学教育已成为一种趋势.美学是一门研究艺术和审美经验的学科,强调对感性认识和审美判断的培养和训练.
