This study examines farmers' views of data privacy, data ownership, cybersecurity, and governance in Canadian agriculture. Evidence on data protection and security in this context remains limited. To address this gap, we interviewed 45 stakeholders between 2020 and 2025, primarily in Ontario and Nova Scotia. Participants included 31 farmers (three of whom combine farming with another occupation), 13 other agricultural stakeholders, and one government representative. Following Lochmiller's (2021) three phases of thematic analysis, we coded participants' reasons inductively into nine first-order categories. These categories were consolidated into six themes and overarching three classifiers: Socio-Technical Risk and Assurance, Technological and Systemic Vulnerabilities, and Economic and Strategic Impact. Across all three classifiers, trust emerged as the central mechanism connecting cybersecurity, governance, privacy, AI, and technology adoption. Farmers generally trusted that the technologies worked while distrusting the organisations behind them. They treated AI as a tool to be verified rather than an authority. Farmers did not reject innovation outright. Resistance arose mainly where technologies seemed opaque, poorly governed, externally controlled, insufficiently regulated, or economically burdensome. The findings reframe cybersecurity adoption in agriculture as a socio-technical process rather than a purely technical issue. This process is shaped by governance, legitimacy, transparency, awareness, and economic realities. They also highlight farmers' potential to act as agents of change. Informal mechanisms, such as peer learning and community-driven adaptations, should complement formal policies. Transparent, participatory governance is needed to align society with technological progress.
Motion sickness (MS) presents an important challenge to the widespread adoption of autonomous vehicles (AVs), as it impairs passenger comfort and may compromise overall safety. To support adaptive comfort management and timely intervention, reliable real-time assessment of MS is needed. However, objective assessment remains challenging because no single measurable biomarker has been established for continuous monitoring. This study investigated real-time salivary sodium ion (Na⁺) monitoring via a wearable sensor as a candidate biomarker of MS severity under controlled automated-driving simulator conditions. Thirty participants completed a simulated Level 4 automated-driving exposure while salivary Na⁺, subjective symptom ratings, and multimodal physiological signals were recorded. Minute-level salivary Na⁺ changes were positively associated with MISC severity (ρ = 0.581–0.700 across groups). Ordinal generalized additive mixed modelling further indicated a stage-dependent association, with an approximately linear pattern in the low-symptom group and a significant nonlinear pattern in the high-symptom group. A Random Forest model achieved moderate predictive performance (R2 = 0.692), and salivary Na⁺ showed the highest model-specific feature importance among the measured predictors. Taken together, these findings support salivary Na⁺ as a candidate biomarker for further investigation under simulator conditions; validation in real vehicles and broader passenger populations is required before practical in-vehicle performance can be established.
Resilience Engineering provides organisations with a theoretical lens through which performance is understood not merely as the avoidance of failure but as the active, ongoing maintenance of adaptive capacity across changing conditions. Despite the richness of this theoretical corpus, practitioner-facing tools that operationalise resilience thinking at the system level remain scarce. This paper introduces the Resilience Canvas, a single-page conceptual artefact inspired by the methodological lineage of the Business Model Canvas but grounded in Resilience Engineering theory. Drawing on Hollnagel’s four resilience potentials (Anticipate, Monitor, Respond, Learn), Woods’ notion of graceful extensibility, Leveson’s systems-theoretic perspective, and the constructs of Simplexity, Complixity, and Complexity Compression developed by Falegnami et al. (2024) for the analysis of complexity in sociotechnical systems, we develop a nine-block ontological structure that maps the resilience potential of a sociotechnical system in a single visual representation. The canvas integrates functional, informational, artefactual, and resource dimensions into a coherent framework, designed to be usable without the modelling expertise that existing methods require. A walkthrough application in an urban hospital emergency department and a second application in a grocery distribution centre illustrate what the artefact makes visible in contrasting conditions. Its usefulness in practice has not been measured and remains a matter for empirical work. The Resilience Canvas is proposed as a boundary object enabling cross-domain, cross-disciplinary dialogue on system resilience.
Modern submarine control rooms are the outcome of an iterative design process, that incorporates advancing technology, increasing automation, and evolving ways of working. Novel user interfaces that address existing limitations in contemporary submarine systems is one way which future iterations can be optimised. Current systems present optronics information and radar electronic support measures (RESM) information separately. However, an interface that integrates multiple data sources (combining optronics and RESM) could enhance an operator’s task accuracy, situation awareness, and overall performance. Furthermore, exploring alternative ways of presenting such information, by utilising emerging technologies, may also improve operator performance. An interface of this application requires effective design using a human-centred design approach, which will provide utility to submariners in future submarine control rooms. In total, eleven subject-matter experts participated across two workshops (six in the first and five in the second), aimed at assessing various submarine systems and examining the potential integration of augmented reality (AR) into such systems. The workshops highlighted usability concerns with existing systems and generated recommendations regarding the optimal presentation of integrated sensor data as well as the implementation of AR. The feedback received was then funnelled into a proof-of-concept design, that focused on illustrating keyways in which a system of this nature could be implemented. The workshops demonstrated the efficacy of an iterative design process using a human-centred approach.
This paper examines the association between digital communication at work and employee well-being, moderated by occupational status and the fulfillment of basic psychological needs. Two studies were conducted to investigate these relationships. Study 1 utilized data from the European Social Survey, encompassing 25 countries (N = 24,331). Study 2 involved a longitudinal survey of Finnish workers (N = 1817) collected at nine time points over 6-month intervals from 2019 to 2023. Multilevel regression models were employed to analyze the data. Study 1 found that digital communication positively correlates with job satisfaction in Europe, with a stronger effect observed among lower-position workers. Study 2 revealed that the use of digital platforms was associated with higher work engagement and women reported significantly higher work engagement than men. However, for higher-position office workers, particularly those in supervisory roles, increased use of organizational social media platforms and excessive social media use were linked to decreased work engagement. Several interaction effects indicated that the association between digital communication as well as digital tool use and work engagement and job satisfaction is contingent on basic psychological need satisfaction and occupational status. Organizations should tailor their digital communication strategies to account for employees’ occupational status and work autonomy. This paper addresses a gap in cross-national and longitudinal research on the impact of digital communication on workplace well-being. It provides insights into how digital communication tools differentially affect employees based on their occupational status and psychological needs.
