Adaptation to campus life can be a challenging process for new students and may influence health-related behaviors, including dietary patterns. A preliminary study involving five first-year students showed that they experienced difficulties managing their dietary patterns during their first semester. However, evidence regarding the relationship between adaptation to campus life and dietary patterns among first-year health students in Indonesia remains limited. This study employed a correlational design with a cross-sectional approach and involved 36 respondents. Data were collected using the Student Adaptation to College Questionnaire (SACQ) and the Adolescent Food Habits Checklist (AFHC) and were analyzed using Spearman’s rho correlation test. Most respondents were female (81%), and 69% were in the adolescent age group. The majority of respondents demonstrated a moderate level of adaptation to campus life (92%) and reported healthy dietary patterns (92%). A significant positive correlation was found between adaptation to campus life and dietary patterns (p < 0.001, r = 0.734), indicating that students with higher levels of adaptation tended to have healthier dietary patterns. These findings suggest that institutions should provide campus-based health promotion programs, including student services, counseling, stress management programs, and dietary education.
Iron deficiency anemia affects approximately 30% of Indonesian women of reproductive age, underscoring the urgent need for affordable, iron-rich food interventions. This study investigated the effect of red Amaranth (Amaranthus tricolor L.) flour substitution on iron content, antioxidant activity, and sensory acceptability of composite flour cookies. A completely randomized design was employed with five substitution levels (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%), each with three replications, yielding 15 experimental units of cookie batches. Iron content was determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometry, antioxidant activity via the DPPH method, and sensory acceptability through hedonic testing by 30 semi-trained panelists. Results demonstrated that iron content increased significantly (p < 0.05) with higher substitution levels, while antioxidant activity improved from very weak to moderate categories. However, sensory acceptability declined significantly at substitution levels of 30% and above, particularly in color and taste attributes. The 20% substitution level emerged as the optimal formulation, achieving substantially elevated iron content contributing meaningfully toward the recommended dietary allowance per serving, enhanced antioxidant capacity, and maintained good sensory acceptability across all attributes. These findings suggest that red Amaranth-substituted cookies represent a feasible, community-level dietary strategy for complementing existing iron deficiency anemia prevention programs in Indonesia.
Adolescent mental health significantly influences social well-being and academic achievement, yet empirical data remains scarce in Cambodia. This study examined the association between sociodemographic characteristics and mental health status among Cambodian secondary school students using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). A cross-sectional survey was conducted from March to April 2024 across five major provinces and Phnom Penh. Using purposive sampling, 1,528 students from urban and rural schools were recruited. Abnormal mental health was reported by 50.56% of females and 52.33% of students whose mothers had only elementary education. T-test and ANOVA analyses revealed significant associations between mental health and gender, school location, school type, and maternal education (p < 0.001), while socioeconomic status showed no significant impact. Findings emphasize that gender and maternal education are primary correlates of psychological well-being. These results necessitate gender-responsive school health programs and decentralized mental health services in rural areas. Furthermore, community initiatives should prioritize maternal health literacy to empower mothers as central caregivers, fostering supportive home environments for student resilience.
HIV prevalence among men who have sex with men (MSM) remains disproportionately high in Indonesia. While behavioral risk factors have been widely studied, evidence integrating structural determinants remains limited. This study examined the role of structural and behavioral factors associated with HIV status among MSM in Jambi City, Indonesia. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 60 MSM recruited using non-probability sampling due to the hidden nature of the population. Data were collected using validated structured questionnaires and analyzed using multivariable logistic regression. Fifty percent of respondents were HIV-positive. Low educational attainment emerged as an independent structural determinant of HIV status (AOR = 5.51; 95% CI: 1.14-26.49), whereas behavioral factors showed significant crude associations but lost significance after adjustment. HIV vulnerability among MSM is shaped by structural inequalities beyond individual behaviors. Structural-focused interventions are essential to strengthen HIV prevention strategies in Indonesia.
Postoperative pain is a common clinical problem that may compromise physiological stability and delay recovery, potentially reducing oxygenation, increasing infection risk, and prolonging hospitalization. This study aimed to examine the correlation between postoperative pain intensity and oxygen saturation levels. This study employed a quantitative correlational analytic design with a cross-sectional approach using retrospective medical record data. Data were collected at a single time point, with both postoperative pain intensity and oxygen saturation (SpO₂) measured simultaneously at approximately 12 hours after surgery when patients were clinically stable in the postoperative ward. A total of 208 eligible patients were included using total sampling. Data were analyzed descriptively and using the Chi-square test, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05. The results showed that 74% of patients experienced severe pain and 26% mild pain, while 49.5% presented with reduced oxygen saturation. A statistically significant association was identified between pain intensity and oxygen saturation (p < 0.001). Patients with low oxygen saturation were 25.5 times more likely to report severe pain (OR = 25.505; 95% CI: 6.379-101.979). In conclusion, postoperative pain intensity is significantly associated with oxygen saturation levels. These findings support the integration of subjective pain assessment with objective physiological monitoring, and future prospective studies are recommended to clarify causal relationships.
