Obesity is a serious medical condition affecting more than 30 % of Indiana, and 25 % of Unites States pregnant women. Obesity is related to maternal complications, and significantly impacts the health of pregnant women. The objective of this study was to describe the relationship between maternal complications and pre-pregnancy maternal weight.
Background: Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of established cardiovascular risk factors that collectively increase predisposition to major chronic diseases including heart diseases and diabetes mellitus. Citizens of developing countries such as Saudi Arabia are at risk for MetS secondary to industrialization and accessibility to fast foods. In this epidemiologic study, the kingdom-wide prevalence of MetS is determined. Methods: A total of 4578 Saudis aged 15-64 were randomly selected from 20 regions all over Saudi Arabia. Anthropometrics were collected and fasting blood samples collected ascertaining fasting blood glucose and lipid profile. Components of full MetS as defined by the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) were used for screening. Results: The overall prevalence of MetS is 28.3%. Males had a significantly higher prevalence than females (31.4 versus 25.2%; p=0.001). Prevalence of MetS showed a parallel increase with age, and inversely with educational status as well as income. The region also played a significant contributor to MetS. Conclusion: Despite accumulating evidence of an epidemic, MetS remains largely unresolved in the kingdom. Aggressive public campaigns and policies should be implemented to control future damage of MetS in the kingdom. Methods: A total of 4578 Saudis aged 15-64 were randomly selected from 20 regions all over Saudi Arabia. Anthropometrics were collected and fasting blood samples collected ascertaining fasting blood glucose and lipid profile. Components of full MetS as defined by the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) were used for screening. Results: The overall prevalence of MetS is 28.3%. Males had a significantly higher prevalence than females (31.4 versus 25.2%; p=0.001). Prevalence of MetS showed a parallel increase with age, and inversely with educational status as well as income. The region also played a significant contributor to MetS. Conclusion: Despite accumulating evidence of an epidemic, MetS remains largely unresolved in the kingdom. Aggressive public campaigns and policies should be implemented to control future damage of MetS in the kingdom.
20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) is an eicosanoid metabolite of that has a wide range of effects on the vascular system such as collateral cell growth, the vascular rebuilding of the heart. Metabolic syndrome and 20-HETE have been shown to be correlated together. There is a higher concentration of 20- HETE in Metabolic Syndrome patients. With a higher concentration of 20-HETE patients with metabolic syndrome have symptoms that are more severe. The effect of elevated 20-HETE is negative and can influence cell growth after a myocardial infarction. Myocardial Infarction (MI) is another term for a heart attack. In previous studies, it shows an MI size increases with an elevated level of 20-HETE. During the study, the metabolic syndrome rats and a control group of rats will be induced with an MI for about 30minutes. After rats from both groups are given an MI and 20-HETE antagonist named 20-SOLA which counteracts 20-HETE levels will be given. 20-SOLA treatment was given to the rats at 48hours, 1 week and 8 weeks. The results indicated that the AMPK antibody for both total and phosphorylated showed a significant decrease in 48hour samples. 20-SOLA was found to create equilibrium in 20-HETE levels in all tissue samples and significantly more in JCR MI rats. 20-SOLA aided the decrease in ischemia for both rats, but again results indicate a more reliable significance in JCR MI rats. These findings are relevant to the epidemic of cardiovascular diseases plaguing populations globally At the present moment; the most representative rat strain to study the metabolic syndrome seems to be the obese Zucker rats. These animals are mainly used as obesity experimental model, but they also present changes similar to those seen in human metabolic syndrome. It is mainly caused due to stress, overweight, ageing and inactivity. It creates a cluster of problems like increased blood pressure, excess fat around waist and abnormal cholesterol. Usually, a healthy lifestyle can prevent and cure this disease. Medication may be involved to manage the underlying conditions Memoir: Corinna Lozano is a junior and a second year in the Science Research program run through SUNY Albany. She is a member of peer leadership in which she is the secretary and the town of Pawling’s interact club. She is an active participant in soccer and dance team. When Corinna is out of school she enjoys spending time with her family and volunteering in her community. She is very dedicated to working hard in school and in her sports. She is very friendly and enjoys meeting new people through school programs. Pawling High School is a great environment in which has been bettered by her bright and cheery spirit. The teachers of Pawling High School all enjoy having her as she is super helpful when her fellow peers have a problem. She is currently working with her mentor on her research project that focuses on the effects of 20-HETE.
A an inflammatory disorder of the vasculature and the underlying cause of myocardial infarction and cerebrovascular accident, is responsible for more global deaths compared to any other disease. Although a slight reduction in morbidity and mortality from this disease has been achieved recently because of pharmaceutical intervention and lifestyle changes, this is expected to change in the future due to global increase in obesity and diabetes. Current pharmaceutical therapies against atherosclerosis are associated with a marked residual risk for cardiovascular disease together with other issues such as side effects and patient-dependent efficacy. In addition, many pharmaceutical agents have recently proved disappointing at the clinical level (e.g. agonists of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, inhibitors against cholesterol ester transfer protein and phospholipase A2). It is therefore important to develop alternative therapies for the prevention and/or treatment of atherosclerosis. Interest in nutraceuticals as preventative/therapeutic agents in atherosclerosis has recently increased considerably and therefore necessitates anin-depth understanding of their actions together with the underlying mechanisms. We have recently investigated the effects of several nutraceuticals, including hydroxytyrosol and dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid, on several key monocyte/macrophage processes associated with atherosclerosis (e.g. monocytic migration, macrophage polarization, foam cell formation, activation of inflammasome and production of reactive oxygen species). These will be presented in the context of current therapies and those that are being developed.
