A clinical case of giant serous cystadenoma is presented in the context of a twin pregnancy complicated by severe preeclampsia. The patient was admitted to the high-risk obstetric hospitalization area and underwent surgery by emergency cesarean section. During the procedure, a large tubo-ovarian tumor was evidenced, which was removed with fertility preservation. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of ovarian serous cystadenoma. It should be noted that in none of the prenatal ultrasound controls was the presence of an adnexal tumor reported, which underscores the diagnostic difficulty in this type of scenario. Ovarian tumors are pathological structures that can be benign or malignant depending on their histological characteristics. In women of reproductive age, timely diagnosis is essential to preserve fertility and reduce complications. Ultrasound is the initial tool of choice, while magnetic resonance imaging is reserved for more complex cases. The detection of adnexal tumors during a twin pregnancy represents an additional challenge in gynecology, since the potential complications of twisting, rupture or hypovolemic shock can seriously compromise maternal and fetal health. In the present case, giant tubo-ovarian tumor was not diagnosed during prenatal care and was identified as a transsurgical finding. The removal confirmed the diagnosis of serous cystadenoma, with a favorable evolution and a good prognosis for both the mother and the newborns. This case highlights the importance of thorough ultrasound surveillance and appropriate surgical preparation in patients with high-risk pregnancies.
Malformations of the uterus are due to defective fusion of the Müller's ducts. These include the unicornuate uterus, with or without a rudimentary horn. Emergency cesarean section was performed due to alteration of the fetal heart rate diagnosed by fetal monitoring, obtaining a male newborn with a cephalic presentation of flexion with the presence of caput weighing 3360 g, height 51 cm, APGAR 7-8-9, CAPURRO 41 weeks of gestation, posterior fundic placenta, extraction was performed. Due to the percentage of infertility presented by patients with unicornuate uterus with the possibility of the use of assisted reproductive technology, women with congenital uterine anomalies should be informed about the impact on the probabilities of success, as well as on pregnancy-related complications. Women with a unicornuate uterus should undergo a prenatal checkup that includes monitoring of cervical length, growth and fetal presentation. If present, the rudimentary non-communicating horn should be removed to avoid ectopic pregnancy. Despite the pregnancy complications associated with a unicornuate uterus, there is the possibility of a successful pregnancy, as referred to in the present clinical case, however, it is important to recognize that patients who present with Mullerian malformation of the unicornuate uterus tend to infertility and to be habitual abortionists with difficulty in reaching a term and successful pregnancy. Here lies the importance and attention of the present case, the patient despite presenting the condition of unicornuate uterus reaches 41 weeks of gestation and has a successful cesarean delivery.
The study of erythrocyte characteristics is carried out through different tests, including microscopy and image analysis. The purpose of this article is to develop a functional algorithm in the ImageJ software to identify the morphological characteristics of erythrocytes and to determine the variation in osmotic fragility when they are exposed to different conditions. The images were obtained using a Leica Aristoplan microscope and captured with a Leica DMC6200 camera connected to the equipment, and subsequently processed in ImageJ. The algorithm provides an orderly description of the process, from image calibration to the acquisition of quantitative results. This process includes calibration according to the microscope magnification, correction of possible image errors, and identification of cells to obtain parameters such as area, perimeter, roundness, and Feret's diameter. The application of the algorithm in ImageJ enables image processing that facilitates the morphological quantification of erythrocytes. The algorithm presented is efficient and reproducible, and can also be adapted according to user needs. Based on the analysis, it is concluded that the algorithm can be modified depending on specific requirements. Overall, the algorithm facilitates the use of ImageJ for the morphological quantification of erythrocytes.
We determined the role of measuring 25-hydroxy vitamin D to predict clinical activity and severity of pulmonary involvement in sarcoidosis. 61 consecutive patients with sarcoidosis were assessed. The serum level of 25 hydroxyvitamin D was measured using the chemiluminescent immunoassay. Sarcoid clinical activity classification (SCAC) was used to assess the clinical condition of the disease. The patients were also followed for 6 months. 14.8 % suffered severe 25-hydroxy vitamin D deficiency and 26.2 % had mild to moderate 25-hydroxy vitamin D deficiency. Serum phosphorus level was negatively associated with SCAC. There was also significant relationship between SCAC and pulmonary stages. The serum level of 25-hydroxy vitamin D was not associated with clinical activity. Within a 6month follow-up time, clinical improvement of disease was overall achieved in 32 out of 61 patients leading success rate 52.5 %. Advanced age and stage 3-4 of pulmonary defects were main predictors for lack of 6-month clinical improvement in sarcoidosis patients. There is no relation between serum level of 25-hydroxy vitamin D and two indices of clinical activity of sarcoidosis and the severity of pulmonary involvement. The assessment of serum phosphorus and serum creatinine can be assessed to determine disease severity.
Acute kidney injury secondary to myocardial ischemia-reperfusion is a serious complication driven by oxidative stress and inflammation. Although reperfusion restores oxygenation, it also increases reactive oxygen species generation, worsening renal injury. S-allyl cysteine, a garlic-derived organosulfur compound, exerts antioxidative effects by enhancing endogenous antioxidant defenses. Hence, this study investigates the effects of S-allyl cysteine in ovariectomized rats subjected to myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Thirty-two female Wistar rats underwent either ovariectomy (n=24) or sham surgery (n=8). After a 3-week recovery, myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury was induced by 30 min of left anterior descending coronary artery ligation followed by 2 h of reperfusion. S-allyl cysteine or propargylglycine was administered via the right carotid artery at reperfusion onset. Kidney tissues were analyzed biochemically and histologically. S-allyl cysteine significantly reduced malondialdehyde levels and insignificantly increased both glutathione level and catalase activity in renal tissues. However, no changes were observed in superoxide dismutase activity and hydrogen sulfide levels. Renal histology revealed that S-allyl cysteine preserved renal morphology in ovariectomized rats, likely via reactive oxygen species scavenging and Nrf2 pathway activation. This study concludes that S-allyl cysteine attenuates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion-induced kidney injury in estrogen-deficient rats by reducing oxidative stress and enhancing antioxidant defenses, suggesting potential as a therapeutic supplement to reduce risk of acute kidney injury in menopausal women.
