Although magnetic nanoparticles have been widely studied, limited research has compared different ferrite types and synthesis routes for use in hyperthermia-based bioactive glass applications. This study aims to synthesize magnetic materials from two types of ferrites: magnesium ferrite (MgFe2O4) and zinc ferrite (ZnFe2O4). These ferrite nanoparticles were synthesized using two distinct methods; the conventional solid-state reaction and the co-precipitation method in order to identify the optimal synthesis route and the most suitable type of magnetic material for hyperthermia treatment. The data demonstrated that MgFe2O4 powder with synthesis by using the solid-state method consistently presented higher value of magnetic properties compared to those synthesized by co-precipitation method under higher calcination temperature. Moreover, ZnFe2O4 powder was found to be unsuitable for use as a precursor in hyperthermia treatment because of its structure typically leads to antiferromagnetic or superparamagnetic behavior. The effect of MgFe2O4 containing in bioactive glass was investigated. The oxide precursors of bioactive glass were mixed with varying amounts of MgFe2O4 and subsequently melted to form glass at 1400 degrees C. The phase formation presented SiO2 was the dominant phase and coexisted with Na2CO3, MgSiO3, Fe3O4, Na2Ca(PO4)2SiO4, Ca2SiO4, and Na4Ca4Si6O18. However, the MgFe2O4 phase was not observed in all of glass-ceramic samples. This may be due to MgFe2O4 decomposed during the high-temperature melting process at 1400 degrees C. Nevertheless, these magnetic bioactive glass ceramic samples exhibited magnetic properties, which were attributed primarily to the presence of Fe3O4.
Black limestones were used as structural and ornamental stones in the facades of the four madrasas at Sultan Hasan mosque. Regrettably, the studied black limestone blocks have significantly suffered from deterioration mechanisms, causing severe damage forms such as discolouration, salt crystallization, cracking, fissuring, flaking, granular disintegration, and microbial growth. Examination and analysis of the studied black limestone were performed using polarizing light microscope, scanning electron microscope equipped with EDS, X-ray diffraction, and fungal investigation. The current research mainly presents an experimental study to evaluate the efficiency of nanocomposites prepared from SRC-220 (fluorinated polyurethane) and TiO2 NPs in the treatment of the studied black limestone. The prepared TiO2 nanocomposites were used for the treatment of experimental black limestone samples. The effect of TiO2 nanoparticle concentration on the properties of the fabricated nanocomposites was comparatively tested. Experimental study was implemented using transmission electron microscope, colourimetric investigation, scanning electron microscope, atomic force microscope, static water contact angle, abrasion resistance, selfcleaning activity, and fungistatic efficiency. The results proved that the addition of TiO2 nanoparticles into SRC-220 pure polymer produced multifunctional nanocomposites characterized by high transparency, good consolidation effect, superhydrophobicity, self-cleaning, and antifugal efficiency. Moreover, it was demonstrated that the concentration of TiO2 nanoparticles significantly affects the obtained properties of the prepared nanocomposites.
This study focuses on the development of sustainable composite materials for automotivebody panels by utilizing sugarcane bagasse and bamboo fibers reinforced with epoxy resin. Theagricultural by-products were first sun-dried, mechanically processed into fine powder, andchemically treated to improve interfacial bonding before being incorporated into the epoxy matrix.Composite specimens were fabricated through a controlled lay-up process and tested for flexuralstrength and impact resistance in accordance with ASTM standards. Experimental results revealedthat sugarcane bagasse composites exhibited the highest flexural strength of 47 MPa, while bamboocomposites contributed greater ductility and flexibility under load. Notably, a hybrid formulation ofbagasse and bamboo fibers achieved the best balance of properties, recording an impact resistance of187 J/m, which is comparable to commonly used polymers. These findings highlight that naturalfiber-based composites not only offer mechanical performance suitable for exterior automotiveapplications but also provide significant advantages in terms of weight reduction, cost-effectiveness,and environmental sustainability.
