新时代、新征程、新气象!为全面贯彻落实党的二十大精神,更好服务于解决中国经济重大现实问题,构建有中国特色的社会主义理论体系,《南方经济》将在2024年进行栏目调整,开设"国家治理与经济发展"、"国民经济运行与管理"、"产业发展与企业提质"三大栏目,分别对应中国经济有关改革与发展、宏观与区域、产业与企业三个层面的现实问题与理论议题.
"Intelligent manufacturing"is an important feature of the current society and technological development in China.With the increasing investment of robots in enterprises,the impact of robots on the labor market is worthy of careful consider-ation.The existing literature mainly focuses on discussing the impact of robots on total employment,employment structure,wage,etc,while little attention is paid to the individual working hours that constitute an effective labor supply.The lack of re-search on the changes in the individual working hours of employees will undoubtedly hinder our comprehensive understand-ing of the employment effect of robots.Therefore,this article attempts to analyze the impact of robots on employees'working hours,make some reasonable explanations for the mechanisms and discuss other potential impacts of robots,to supplement ex-isting research and form close connections with them. At the theoretical level,the"robot-task"model is used to describe the impact of robots on the average individual work-ing hours of different tasks.It is found that the use of robots will lead to the shortening of the working time of non-rou-tine tasks and have an uncertain impact on the working hours of routine tasks.As for the specific direction of the total effect,it depends on the composition and scale of the actual work content of employees.Then,the"enterprise-worker"matching data of Guangdong Province in 2021 is used to test the working hour's effect of robots.The empirical results indicate that the use of robots has extended employees'daily and weekly working hours,and is mainly reflected in three relatively vulnerable em-ployee groups:first-line employees,low-education employees,and the new generation.The extension of working hours is mainly caused by the substitution effect of robots destroying original posts,the creation effect of creating new posts and the scale effect of production expansion.The pressure of job replacement and the demand of scale expansion caused by the three effects are greater than the efficiency improvement brought by robotics,which makes employees need to work longer hours.Further analysis of the impact of robots on wages shows that the introduction of robots has no significant impact on the average hourly wage,but it will increase personal monthly wages by increasing working hours and overtime wages and may lead to a larger wage gap within the enterprise. This paper makes a more comprehensive analysis of the employment impact of robot from the micro data in Guangdong region,and enriches the research on the employment effect of robot from the perspective of working hours.The research re-sults confirm the contribution of robot application to economic development,and draw attention to the problem of excessive la-bor and fair distribution,which is helpful to provide useful suggestions for adapting to the popularization of robots.
Accelerating the construction of a unified domestic market is of fundamental strategic significance for building a new development pattern of"double circulation".From the perspective of information friction、this paper clarifies the mecha-nism of digital infrastructure for domestic market integration、and empirically tests the impact and heterogeneity impact of the new digital infrastructure on the domestic market integration based on the provincial panel data of China from 2008 to 2020.The research finds that the construction of digital infrastructure can effectively promote the process of domestic market inte-gration;The enabling effect of new digital infrastructure on market integration is more prominent in coastal areas;The en-abling effect of digital infrastructure on market integration is different in stages.This paper also further explores the relevant factors that affect the effectiveness of digital infrastructure by establishing the regulatory effect model and spatial Doberman model.The adjustment effect analysis shows that the information dissemination based on the digital infrastructure highly de-pends on the support of digital talents and digital products,which are the preconditions for the new digital infrastructure to play its role;The positive effect of digital infrastructure on market integration will become more obvious;The analysis of spa-tial spillover effect shows that the digital infrastructure has a positive impact on the market integration level of neighboring re-gions.This paper aims to provide policy reference for building a unified domestic market in the digital economy era.
The market can ensure efficiency,but it cannot ensure fairness.Many existing research believe that the result of the market economy will inevitably expand the gap between the rich and the poor.In fact,construction of a unified domestic mar-ket can largely eliminate industrial monopolies,regional barriers,market access restrictions,and other issues,provide more opportunities to get rich for more ordinary people without relying on contacts and local protection,which is an effective way to solve the problem of relative poverty.Based on the data of China's provincial panels from 2003-2020,from the perspective of resident income gap,this article uses multiple econometric analysis techniques such as dual fixed effect model,endogenous test model,and intermediary effect model to examine how construction of a unified domestic market empowers common pros-perity and draws the following conclusions:Firstly,construction of a unified domestic market can reduce the resident income gap,promote common prosperity,and the Gini coefficient will decrease by 0.1036 percentage points for every 1 percentage point increase in the integration degree of the domestic market.After considering a series of robustness tests,this promotion effect still holds;Secondly,the impact of the construction of a unified domestic market on common prosperity is characterized by significant regional differences.Compared with the eastern region,this promotion effect is more significant in the central and western regions;Thirdly,From the perspective of the source decomposition of common prosperity,construction of a uni-fied domestic market has a significant inhibitory effect on the income gap between urban and rural residents and the income gap between rural residents,but the impact on the urban income gap has not yet emerged.Fourth,the expansion analysis found that construction of a unified domestic market can promote common prosperity,and then unblock domestic circulation.In this process,common prosperity has produced some intermediary effects. The marginal contributions of this paper to the literature mainly include:First,research perspective.From the perspec-tive of resident income gap,this paper examines whether the construction of a unified domestic market can promote the real-ization of common prosperity.On the basis,the income gap is divided into income gap between urban and rural residents,the income gap between rural residents and the income gap between urban residents,and the impact of the unified market on com-mon prosperity is analyzed from a more subtle perspective,which provides a new perspective for relevant research.Second,ef-fectively supplemented relevant research literature on market-oriented development.Many existing studies believe that the re-sult of market economy must be a widening gap between rich and poor.This paper reveals theoretically and empirically that the construction of a unified domestic market can narrow the income gap of residents and promote common prosperity,and demonstrates the necessity and effectiveness of promoting common prosperity through the construction of a unified domestic market.Third,research inspiration.The promotion effect of the unified market on the domestic circulation is obvious,but the function path behind it is rarely involved.This study finds that the construction of a unified domestic market can promote the domestic circulation by promoting common prosperity.This provides path enlightenment for exploring how to further promote the domestic circulation.
In the post-poverty alleviation era,how to identify groups facing the potential risk of poverty returning and conduct in-depth exploration and systematic review of the causes behind the phenomenon is an important link to consolidate the achievements of poverty alleviation.At first,this paper clarifies the internal and external causes and mechanisms of poverty returning from the qualitative level,among which the internal factors can be divided into two categories:ability loss type and ideological concept type.Then,with the help of CFPS data from 2014 to 2018,we focus on relative poverty and expand the connotation of poverty returning at the empirical level.Based on identifying the object of poverty returning by stages,we intro-duce the Trible-Hurdle model for the first time to analyze the important factors affecting poverty alleviation,poverty returning and the degree of poverty returning of a poor household.The interactive effects of external and internal factors,such as natural disasters and education level,on the phenomenon of poverty returning are further investigated.The results show that the fac-tors affecting whether poor families can achieve poverty alleviation,and then whether they will experience poverty returning and the degree of poverty returning are heterogeneous;On the whole,the internal factors have greater impact on poverty allevi-ation and poverty returning than the external factors.Among the internal factors,the index of lack of ability plays a more obvi-ous role than the index of ideology.In addition to directly affecting family economic status,the impact of natural disasters will also inhibit the improvement of family members'education level,which will have an indirect impact on income,which also re-veals the interaction mechanism between internal and external causes of poverty returning.In view of the above conclusions,the article believes that we should continue to increase the investment in basic public services,while optimizing the expendi-ture structure of basic public services,focusing on ensuring the implementation of the policy of education"fostering intelli-gence",which will help consolidate the existing poverty alleviation achievements and solidly promote the common prosperity of all people.
