Square-Stepping Exercise (SSE) is a low-cost multidirectional stepping activity; however, its systematic adaptation to badminton-specific training remains limited. This study aimed to develop and content-validate a badminton-specific Square-Stepping Exercise (bs-SSE) programme using the ADDIE framework and ACSM FITT principles, and to evaluate its pilot feasibility and exploratory physical outcomes. Five experts assessed a 10-item content-validity questionnaire. Thirteen amateur male badminton players entered a four-week, single-arm pilot intervention comprising 20 sessions, of whom 12 completed the programme. Agility, dynamic balance and ankle strength were assessed using the Agility T-Test, Y-Balance Test and digital handheld dynamometry, respectively. Pre–post differences were analysed using paired-samples t-tests with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). All 10 items achieved an I-CVI of 1.00, with an S-CVI/Ave of 1.00. Programme completion was 92.3%, with no reported adverse events or health risk were reported. Agility changed from 15.69 ± 1.77 to 15.59 ± 1.53 s (mean difference: 0.10 s; 95% CI: −1.19 to 1.38; p = 0.868). The largest numerical balance change occurred in left posterolateral reach, from 95.58 ± 18.13 to 109.69 ± 14.61 cm (mean difference: −14.11 cm; 95% CI: −29.49 to 1.27; p = 0.068). Ankle-strength outcomes showed no statistically significant changes. All 95% CIs included zero. The programme demonstrated excellent expert-rated content validity and favourable completion and observed safety during pilot implementation. However, the small sample size and single-group design preclude conclusions regarding effectiveness. Larger, adequately powered controlled studies are warranted to evaluate the programme's effectiveness.
Adapted sport represents a relevant context for promoting participation, social inclusion, and the exercise of rights among people with disabilities, as well as a potential learning environment for future professionals. This study aimed to understand the meanings and perceptions that Occupational Therapy students attribute to their volunteer experiences in adapted sport and their perceived contribution to professional training. A qualitative descriptive-interpretive study was conducted with nine Occupational Therapy student volunteers from a Chilean university through four focus group sessions. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis following Braun and Clarke’s approach. Four main categories were identified: understanding of adapted sport; the role of the occupational therapist; adapted sport as a facilitator of participation and social inclusion; and academic training and professional competencies. The findings revealed an understanding of adapted sport that extends beyond modifications to rules, equipment, or environments, linking it to participation, autonomy, inclusion, and the exercise of rights. Students also recognized occupational therapists as facilitators of participation, educators, and guides in the adaptation process, and attributed to volunteering opportunities to connect disciplinary knowledge with real-life participation experiences. They also identified gaps in their academic preparation for working in these contexts. These findings support considering supervised and reflective practical experiences related to adapted sport within the training of Occupational Therapy students.
Physical literacy-focused fitness education integrates physical competence, motivation, knowledge, and active student engagement. Evidence from Indonesian senior high schools remains limited. This study compared physical fitness and self-reported physical literacy outcomes between two school contexts and examined the association between changes in these outcomes. A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest non-equivalent comparison-group design involved 120 students aged 16–17 years. One school implemented a 12-week physical literacy-focused fitness education program, whereas the comparison school provided conventional Physical Education with the same scheduled duration and frequency. Physical fitness was measured using the Indonesian Physical Fitness Test (TKJI), and self-reported physical literacy was assessed using the Adolescent Physical Literacy Questionnaire (APLQ). Data were analyzed using MANCOVA and ANCOVA controlling for baseline scores, with supplementary analyses of gain scores and correlations. The intervention school showed higher adjusted posttest TKJI and APLQ scores than the comparison school. The multivariate group difference was significant (Wilks’ lambda = 0.103, p < 0.001, partial eta squared = 0.897); adjusted univariate differences were also significant for TKJI (partial eta squared = 0.838) and APLQ (partial eta squared = 0.765). Mean gains were larger in the intervention school for TKJI (6.55 vs. 0.55) and APLQ (19.33 vs. 2.77). Although pooled gain scores were strongly correlated, associations were near zero within groups and after controlling for group membership. Because one school represented each condition, group differences cannot be separated from school, teacher, and implementation-context factors. The findings provide preliminary evidence to guide future research and Physical Education development in Indonesia.
The aim was to examine associations between body composition, morphological profile, and Abalakov jump (ABK) height in 21 male soccer players aged 10–11 years from a training center in Puebla, Mexico. A quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional correlational study was conducted. Anthropometric variables, body composition by bioelectrical impedance analysis, and jump height were assessed. Absolute muscle mass showed a negligible association with jump height (r = .014), whereas body fat percentage (r = −.779) and segmental leg fat (r = −.612) showed inverse associations. Body linearity was positively associated with jump height (r = .549). The correlation between lean mass in both legs was very high (r = .998), but this does not establish equality between measurements or functional symmetry. The reported association between ABK jump and playing position was weak (r = .109); given the small sample and exploratory nature of the analysis, it is not interpreted as evidence of morphological specialization. These findings describe associations within this sample and do not establish causality or prediction. Larger studies including direct bilateral functional tests and analyses adjusted for maturation are needed.
Health risk behaviors adopted during adolescence may persist into adulthood and increase the risk of adverse physical and mental health outcomes. Despite their public health relevance, adolescents enrolled in Brazilian Federal Institutes remain underrepresented in epidemiological research. This article describes the protocol of the CRISCO Study, which is designed to estimate the prevalence of health risk behaviors, identify their correlates, and examine their associations with physical and mental health outcomes among adolescents enrolled in integrated technical high school programs in the Federal District, Brazil. The CRISCO Study is a school-based, cross-sectional epidemiological study conducted across the 10 campuses of the Federal Institute of Brasília (IFB). A census sampling strategy was adopted, targeting approximately 2,530 students aged 14–19 years. Health risk behaviors constitute the exposure variables and were assessed using self-reported questionnaires and 7-day wrist-worn triaxial accelerometry. Outcomes include mental health, health-related quality of life, and physical fitness components, including cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular fitness, and body composition, assessed using standardized field tests, bioelectrical impedance analysis, and anthropometric measurements. Prevalence estimates and multilevel regression models will be used to examine the associations between health risk behaviors and health outcomes. The CRISCO Study will provide estimates of the prevalence of health risk behaviors and their associations with physical and mental health outcomes among adolescents enrolled in the IFB. The findings may support school health surveillance and inform evidence-based health promotion strategies within the IFB network.
