Dietary fiber is known as‘the seventh largest nutrient in the human body’, and plays an important role in the regulation of human health. In this review, the definition, classification, physical and chemical properties, physiological functions and influencing factors, preparation methods and application in food processing of dietary fiber are summarized. In view of the current research status of dietary fiber, the key problems to be solved are put forward in order to provide theoretical reference for the wide application of dietary fiber in food.
建立了植物性食品中氟化物的氟离子选择电极测定法,并对不同基质中氟化物含量进行了测定.对GB/T 5009.18—2003第三法(氟离子选择电极法)中标准曲线的线性范围和不同基质的称样量范围进行了优化,确定了方法的定量限,并对准确度、精密度进行了验证.结果表明:本方法在0.20～10.00 mg/L范围内线性良好,方程的斜率及相关系数均符合测定要求;称样量范围优化为2.5～5.0 g(茶叶基质0.2～0.5 g),平均加标回收率为99.97％～109.83％,相对标准偏差为0.41％～2.65％,均符合国家标准要求;除茶叶以外的基质,当称样量为2.5 g,定容体积为50 mL时,方法定量限为4.00 mg/kg;对于茶叶基质,当称样量为0.2 g,定容体积为50 mL时,方法定量限为50.00 mg/kg.该氟离子选择电极法适用于植物性食品基质中氟化物的快速检测.
随着人们生活水平的不断提高,儿童食品市场迅猛发展,市场规模不断扩大,但是行业内部各种乱象已经引起了社会的广泛关注.通过分析儿童食品市场的现状,明确儿童食品法律概念不清晰、监管标准缺失、市场准入门槛虚设及相关监管法律和主体缺位是儿童食品市场无序发展的重要原因,在此基础上提出明确法律定义、制定监管标准、弥补法律空白等建议,以期实现对儿童食品市场的有效法律监管,为儿童的健康成长保驾护航.
The flavonoids in Gnaphlium affine D. Don were extracted by water. The G. affine D. Don beverage was mixed with G. affine D. Don water extraction， citric acid， white granulated sugar and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. Orthogonal test were used to optimize the flavonoids extraction process and the technological formulation of the G. affine D. Don beverage based on single factor experiment. The results showed that the optimal extraction process of flavonoids from Gnaphlium affine D. Don was that the solid-liquid ratio 1∶130 （g/mL）， the soaking time 30 min， the extraction time 2.5 h， and the extraction temperature 80 ℃. The best formula of the 100 mL beverage was that the addition of G. affine D. Don extraction 40 mL， the addition of white granulated sugar 9 g， the addition of citric acid 0.05 g and the addition of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose 0.05 g. According to the formula， the content of soluble solid was 8.39% and the total flavonoids content of beverage was 6.56 mg/100 mL.
