A method based on two-step liquid-liquid extraction-solid phase extraction purification coupled with high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was developed for the determination of 11 common sulfonamides in pork. The samples were extracted first with ethyl acetate containing 2%(v/v) formic acid and then with acetone for the second step. The supernatant was degreased with n-hexane and cleaned using an Oasis MCX SPE column. Finally, nitrogen was blown over the obtained mixture, and the mixture was filtered for conducting HPLC-MS/MS analysis. The sulfonamides were detected in the multiple reaction monitoring positive ion mode, and quantification was performed by employing the external standard method with matrix calibration curves. All the 11 sulfonamides demonstrated good linearity in the range of 20-400 μg/L, with the correlation coefficient (r2) higher than 0.99. The limits of detection (LODs; S/N=3) and limits of quantification (LOQs; S/N=10) were found to be in the ranges of 0.1-1.0 μg/kg and 0.2-3.0 μg/kg, respectively. Furthermore, the results indicated that the average recoveries of the 11 sulfonamides ranged from 79.3% to 105.5% at three spiked levels of 50, 100, and 200 μg/kg, with the relative standard deviations (RSDs) in the range of 1.3%-11.6% (n=6). This method showed higher extraction efficiency than the one-step liquid-liquid extraction, and the detection sensitivity was highly improved.

To clone the gene of HBX of hepatitis B virus,then express the protein of HBX in Escherichia,Coli BL21(E.coli) and purify the expressed protein,the HBX gene was amplified from the genome of HBV by PCR and cloned into plasmid pMD18-T.The fragment sequenced correctly was subcloned into the expression vector pProExHTa and expressed in E.coli BL21.The expressed protein was identified by SDS-PAGE analysis and Western blot method,and subsequently purified it by His-tag purification system.It is resulted that gene of HBX was successfully cloned and expressed in E.coli,and the expressed protein was identified correctly by SDS-PAGE analysis and Western blot analysis.It is conclused that HBX was successfully expressed and purified,for the further study HBX protein and protein host of interaction between the lay the foundation.

The main question existing in the military budget execution control are as follows:the lack of principal part,the transfer of control aim,the jam of control mechanism,the faintness of control duty and feebleness of control power.There are four reasons for this situation:power,mechanism,constitution and process.Countermeasures should be taken to strengthen military budget execution control,we suggest that the following countermeasures should be included; to make the related constitution more perfect,to establish an estimation system for military budget execution,and to supervise the military budget execution process by using modern techniques.

Objective:To assess the incidence of optic neuritis in mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE) and to explore the possibility for establishing a mouse model of experimental optic neuritis.Methods:Twelve C57BL/6 mice were immunized with myelin oligodendroglia glycoprotein(MOG) 35-55 peptide emulsified in complete Freund's adjuvant(CFA) together with two i.p.injections of pertussis bacillus to induce EAE.During the peak of clinical symptoms,the mice were sacrificed;the incidence of optic neuritis and its pathological changes were examined.Results:The mice in the model group began to develop clinical signs of EAE on day 12 after immunization and reached the peak through day 17 to day 19 after immunization,with the incidence of 83.3%(10/12).No clinical symptoms were observed in the control group.By hematoxylin/eosin(HE) staining,a large number of inflammatory cells were present in the optic nerve tissues from the model group.The incidence of optic neuritis was 83.3%(5/6) and the scoring of inflammatory cell infiltration was 2.1 ± 0.8 for model group,with the differences between the both groups reaching the significance.By Luxol fast blue(LFB) staining,a severe demyelination occurred in optic nerve tissues of model group,where inflammatory cell infiltration was observed.In contrast,no obvious pathological changes were seen in control group.Conclusions:It is feasible to establish a mouse model of optic neuritis on a basis of EAE,which provide an ideal platform for further investigation of pathogenesis in optic neuritis.

目的 建立脑卒中后抑郁小鼠模型.方法 采用线栓法建立脑缺血再灌注模型,联合束缚应激制备脑卒中后抑郁动物模型,观察小鼠在蔗糖水消耗试验、旷场试验和强迫游泳试验中各项指标的改变,检测血浆皮质酮水平变化.结果 脑缺血+束缚组小鼠的蔗糖水偏好比、水平运动和垂直运动得分与正常对照组相比均显著降低(P＜0.05),强迫游泳"不动时间"显著延长(P＜0.05),血浆皮质酮明显高于正常对照组(P＜0.05).结论 在脑缺血再灌注模型基础上联合束缚应激成功制备了脑卒中后抑郁小鼠模型,为该病的病理生理机制研究提供了理想的动物实验平台.

[Objective]To establish microwave digestion-AFS method for simultaneous determination of As and Hg in astragalus.[Methods]The conditions for microwave digestion of astragalus were studied,optimum condition for atomic fluorescence spectrometry was identified via experiments.[Results]The linear relationship between As and Hg was good,the detection limits both met relevant requirements of Chinese Pharmacopoeia.Repeatability and standard recovery test showed the method had good precision and accuracy.[Conclusion]The microwave digestion-AFS method for simultaneous determination of As and Hg in astragalus is Aaccurate,fast,with high precision.The determination results of As and Hg content in 20 samples of astragalus are satisfactory by using this method.

目的:对比国特GT-2000NV与RETIscan两套视觉电生理检查系统对正常青年人检查的结果。方法:20例正常军校学员用国特和RETIscan两套系统进行图形视觉诱发电位（PVEP）、视网膜电图（ERG）、多焦视网膜电图（mERG）的检测,两套系统的各相应参数调整至相同或相近。结果:两套系统所检测各结果中除Max-ERGa波幅值外,PVEP和常规ERG的其余各值及mERG在两套系统中差异均有显著性意义。PVEPP100峰时、Rod-ERGa波幅值、Rod-ERGb波峰时、Cone-ERGb波峰时在两套系统的测量中,在α=0.05水准上无相关性,而PVEPP100幅值和常规ERG其余结果在两套系统中均表现为正相关,其中Rod-ERGb波幅值、Max-ERGb波幅值、峰时、Cone-ERGb波幅值、Flick-ERGP2波幅值的相关系数分别为0.679,0.832,0.702,0.756,0.766。mERG环形p波功率密度及各象限p波功率密度及峰时在两套系统中均为正相关,环形p波峰时在α=0.05水准上第1,2,3环无相关性,而第4、5环在α=0.05水准上为正相关。其中环形第1,2,3,4,5环功率密度的相关系数分别为0.443,0.627,0.591,0.592,0.739,其峰时的相关系数分别为0.292,0.269,0.302,0.432,0.810。两套系统在mERG测量中,p波功率密度及峰时的变化具有相同的趋势。结论:国特和RETIscan两套系统在视觉电生理的测量中,其各结果的正常值