Structural properties of HDPE+ZrO2 polymer nanocomposites thin films of 80-100μm thicknesses were investigated using SANS, XRD, Laser Raman and FTIR spectroscopy. The mass fraction of the filler was 1, 3, 10, and 20%. Results of XRD analysis showed that ZrO2 powder was crystallized both in monoclinic and in cubic phase under normal conditions. The percentages of monoclinic and cubic phase were found to be 99.8% and 0.2%, respectively. It was found that ZrO2 nanoparticles did not affect the main crystal and chemical structure of HDPE, but the degree of crystallinity of the polymer decreases with increasing concentration of zirconium oxide. SANS experiments showed that at ambient conditions ZrO2 nanoparticles mainly distributed like mono-particles in the polymer matrix at all concentrations of filler.The structure of HDPE+ZrO2 does not changes up to 132°C at 1-3% of filler, excepting changing of the polymer structure at temperatures upper 82°C. At high concentrations of filler 10-20% the aggregation of ZrO2 nanoparticles occurs, forming domains of 2.5μm. The results of Raman and FTIR spectroscopy did not show additional specific chemical bonds between the filler and the polymer matrix. New peaks formation was not observed. These results suggest that core-shell structure does not exist in the polymer nanocomposite system.

A simple method of stabilization of detonation nanodiamonds in isotonic aqueous-saline media was found, being a solution of an actual task for biomedical applications. The stable colloid of detonation nanodiamond particles with negative zeta-potential in isotonic medium can be produced by complexes formation with poly(vinylpyrrolidone). The mean size of the complexes is 30-35 nm. The stability conditions of the complexes were defined and their structure was determined by small-angle neutron scattering. The obtained hydrosols of nanodiamond particles are stable in physiological medium and can be used in biological researches and in medicine as drug carriers.

Using a multidetector system on the YuMO spectrometer allows shortening the time of measurements. The quantitative comparison of the measurement time using one and two-detector mode is done. The time range for experiments was from several minutes up to 12 hours. It was shown that two-detector system shortens more than twice the time of the measurement. While making a structural investigation using advanced software the two-detector system allows to treat the data at a qualitatively new level. An example illustrating the features of the channels choice and measurement time on the spectrometer was shown. The results of this paper could be used when planning the experiments on the YuMO spectrometer, for modernization of the installation and for equipment using time-of-flight method.

X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential thermal analysis (DTA) of HDPE+ZrO2 nanocomposites were carried out in this work. Pure HDPE thin film, HDPE+ZrO2 (1-20%) nanocomposites materials and ZrO2 powder (particles of size 20-30 nm) were studied. Results of XRD analysis showed that ZrO2 powder was crystalized both in monoclin and in cubic phase under normal conditions. The percentages of monoclinic and cubic phase was found to be 99.8% and 0.2%, respectively. The phase group and the symmetry of the ZrO2 powder and HDPE+20% ZrO2 nanocomposites was determined. Endothermic and exothermic effects were studied for these materials in temperature range of 25-160 degrees C by differential thermal analysis. Melting and crystallization temperature ranges were defined for HDPE+20% ZrO2 nanocomposites.

The work is a review of neutronographic investigations of supramolecular structures on upgraded small-angle spectrometer YuMO. Here, key parameters of small-angle spectrometers are considered. It is shown that two-detector system is the basis of YuMO upgrade. It allows to widen the dynamic q-range twice. In result, the available q-range is widened and dynamic q-range and data collection rate are doubled. The detailed description of YuMO spectrometer is given. The short review of experimental researches made on the spectrometer in the polymers field, biology, material science and physical chemistry is given. The current investigations also have a methodological aspect. It is shown that upgraded spectrometer provides advanced world level of research of supramolecular structures.

С целью исследования возможности и разработки методов управления внутренними твердофазными реакциями в инертной матрице, диффузионно насыщаемой одновременно несколькими компонентами из различных фаз-источников, проведена экспериментальная проверка возможности синтеза в качестве таких матриц твердых растворов ZrO2 Nb2O5 со структурой искаженного флюорита и NiO CuO Cu2O со структурой поваренной соли (исследованных ранее расчетными методами с использованием приближения механики ионной решетки) с управляемым соотношением анионной и катионной проводимостей.

Having a goal of studying the possibility of and develop methods for controlling internal solidphase reactions inside a solid matrix that is diffusionally saturated with several components simultaneously from different source phases, we experimentally checked whether it is possible to synthesize, for use as these matrices, ZrO2-Nb2O5 solid solutions having distorted fluorite structure and NiO-CuO-Cu2O solid solutions having rock salt structure (these solid solutions had been studied by computational techniques using the ion lattice mechanic approximation), with a controlled ratio of anionic and cationic conductivities.