OBJECTIVE:Deep learning has been shown to be useful in detecting breast cancer metastases by analyzing whole slide images (WSI) of sentinel lymph nodes; however, it requires extensive analysis of all the lymph node slides. Our deep learning study attempts to provide a rapid screen for metastasis by analyzing only a small set of image patches to detect changes in tumor environment.METHODS:We designed a convolutional neural network to build a diagnostic model for metastasis detection. We obtained WSIs of Hematoxylin and Eosin-stained slides from 34 cases with equal distribution in positive/negative categories. Two WSIs were selected from each case for a total of 69 WSIs. From each WSI, 40 image patches (100x100 pixels) were obtained to yield 2720 image patches, from which 2160 (79%) were used for training, 240 (9%) for validation, and 320 (12%) for testing. Interobserver variation was also examined among 3 users.RESULTS:The test results showed excellent diagnostic results: accuracy (91.15%), sensitivity (77.92%), and specificity (92.09%). No significant variation in results was observed among the 3 observers.CONCLUSION:This preliminary study provided a proof of concept for conducting a rapid screen for metastasis rather than an exhaustive search for tumors in all fields of all sentinel lymph nodes.

由于可再生能源具有高度的随机性和波动性,传统的基于确定性场景的电力系统生产模拟技术,已难以适用于电力系统复杂、多维度、不确定性的运行形态.首先,从风电、光伏等可再生能源出力随机性描述入手,通过随机微分方程模型对其随机出力现象进行数学分析,并在此基础上对其时序出力模型进行重构.然后,针对传统时序模拟中难以处理的跨周、跨月问题,提出了含水、火、风、光多能互补的协调优化策略;并以该策略为基础,考虑各种发电机组的发电成本、机组启停成本以及弃风、弃光、弃水、切负荷的损失成本,构建出考虑可再生能源大规模接入的电力系统时序生产仿真模型.最后,以Q省2023年规划方案对该仿真模型进行验证,结果证实了该模型的可行性与有效性.

Under the goal of the national dual carbon strategy, favorable policies related to national and local energy storage appear frequently, and the era of large-scale energy storage comes. Based on the analysis of relevant national energy storage policies, this paper points out that under the single business model of energy storage, its energy storage resources will lead to a large number of idle waste and low economic benefits, and then leads to the necessity of shared energy storage business model, Compared with the traditional single energy storage business model, shared energy storage has wider sources of income and higher return on investment; This paper expounds the characteristics of the multi-agent shared energy storage business model participated by the third party, points out the interest relationship among its subjects, and then analyzes the typical application scenarios and business model of shared energy storage combined with the case of Shandong shared energy storage; Finally, it combs the application technology of shared energy storage, analyzes the bilateral and unilateral transaction interest relationship of shared energy storage, puts forward the transaction mode of standardizing its single and bilateral cost sharing, and then studies the transaction architecture of shared energy storage system for multi-agent users in distribution network.

电动汽车充电技术伴随着电动汽的日益普及而得到长远的发展.车载储能系统由于其不需要充电桩支持,具有即插即用的特性而受到关注.其中,复用驱动电机和驱动变流器组成车载储能变流器的方案由于较高的系统集成度和功率密度在近些年受到了广泛的研究.归纳整理关于驱动复用型车载储能系统的拓扑的研究成果,对每种拓扑的优缺点进行总结.提出了对于驱动复用型车载储能系统充电时的关键指标转矩和纹波的分析方法,并以此为主要依据对各种拓扑方案进行了比较.

Promoting the low-carbon transition of urban energy system is one of the vital initiatives to achieve China's carbon neutrality target, and Beijing, as a national low-carbon pilot city, needs to accelerate the green and low-carbon energy transition to facilitate high-quality economic and social development. This study develops a LEAP-Beijing model and sets up a baseline and acceleration scenario to explore medium and long-term energy consumption and carbon emission trends in Beijing. The simulation results show that the final energy consumption structure in Beijing will continue to be improved and the electrification level will steadily increase, reaching 76% by 2060 under the accelerated scenario. Total energy consumption will peak in the period 2030–2035 and decline to 49.91 million tonnes of coal equivalent (Mtce) in 2060 under the baseline scenario, and 47.19 Mtce in the acceleration scenario. Beijing's total CO2 emissions will peak and then steadily decline during 2021–2025, with an accelerated decline after 2030. Under the acceleration scenario, a certain proportion of natural gas will still be used for power and heat generation in 2060, with related carbon dioxide emissions of about 18 million tons. This part of carbon emissions can be removed through carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) and forest carbon sinks. Finally, policy recommendations are provided in four areas: improving the institutional mechanism for green and low-carbon energy development, upgrading the industrial structure, enhancing electricity substitution and strengthening technological innovation.

Under the “double carbon” goal, it is becoming more important to adapt demand response strategies to promote the sustainable development of energy resources. In order to effectively carry out the response of power demand for promoting the healthy development of demand-side resources, a long-term development strategy is required to be formulated. This paper analyses the development status of demand-side resources in China Jibei, and the internal and external factors that affect the development of demand-side resources are analyzed by using SWOT model. Research shows that the development of demand-side resources in China Jibei is facing the bottleneck of applied technology, benchmarking technical problems and policy difficulties. This paper firstly analyzes the Strengths (S), Weaknesses (W), Opportunities (O) and Threats (T) of demand-side resource development in China Jibei using SWOT analysis. Then it puts forward Strengths and Opportunities (SO) strategies (intensifying the development) to get rid of the current dilemma and promote the healthy development of demand-side resources for China Jibei. Which is implemented by means of strengthening demand-side resources development and utilization, consolidating and tapping market potential, and enhancing the company's dominant position in the electricity market.

SWI/SNF-related, matrix-associated, actin-dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily A, member 4 (SMARCA4/BRG1)-deficient undifferentiated uterine sarcoma (SDUS) is a recently described uterine sarcoma. It is characterized by predominantly rhabdoid or large epithelioid cells with abundant cytoplasm and varying components of small and spindle cells, resembling the 'large cell variant' of small cell carcinoma of the ovary, hypercalcemic type (SCCOHT). In addition, SMARCA4-inactivating mutations have been described as the driver mutations in SDUS. However, undifferentiated endometrial carcinoma (UDEC) and dedifferentiated endometrial carcinoma (DDEC) may show some clinical and morphological overlaps with SDUS, and about 20% of reported UDEC/DDEC cases also have loss expression of SMARCA4. SDUS is a very aggressive disease and universally lethal in all reported cases. Differentiating SDUS from UDEC/DDEC is relevant for the prognosis, pathogenesis, and possible targeted therapies for the disease. In this study, we compared the clinical, morphological, immunohistochemical, and molecular characteristics of 10 tumors including 2 SDUS, 2 SCCOHT, 1 uterine carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation (UDEC?), and 5 UDEC/DDEC. All 5 UDEC/DDEC cases showed strong and diffuse nuclear positivity for SOX2, while all SCCOHT and SDUS cases were completely negative. We concluded that SOX2 could be a useful marker for the

Natural killer (NK) cells mediate antibody dependent cytotoxic killing of cancer cells via cross-linking FcγR on NK cells with IgG-Fc. Studies have shown that the single-hinge cleaved IgGs (scIgGs) have dysfunctional Fc and failed engagement with FcγRs on immune cells. However, little is known about how scIgGs impact on antitumor immunity in the tumor microenvironment. In this study, we revealed a significant association of tumor scIgGs with tumor progression and poor outcomes of breast cancer patients ( n = 547). Using multiple mouse tumor models, we demonstrated that tumor scIgGs reduced NK cell cytotoxic activities and resulted in aggressive tumor progression. We further showed that an anti-hinge specific monoclonal antibody (AHA) rescued the dysfunctional Fc in scIgGs by providing a functional Fc and restored NK cell cytotoxic activity. These findings point to a novel immunotherapeutic strategy to enhance Fc engagement with FcγRs for activation of anticancer immunity.

The paper proposes an electric drive reconfigurable on-board converter for V2G energy management in a shared scenario. The proposed convert is obtained by adding an auxiliary circuit to the existing PEV driving hardware. In V2G mode, the converter uses drive motor as a power inductor to reduce the volume and increase power density. This paper proposes a method to adjustment active power and reactive power separately, which have able to be used for reactive power compensation on the load side. The feasibility of the system is verified by experiments.

Power market is booming in China right after the 9th order. Conventionally, transmission planning is performed mainly based on purpose of transmission security in a regulated environment. However, when power market takes place, economic planning of transmission system should be carefully designed and considered, since transmission infrastructure could heavily impact the efficiency of the power market, as well as the benefit of all kinds of market participants. Transmission economic planning had been developed in almost all mature power markets overseas. In the paper, such practices in several RTOs/ISOs in United States and TSOs in Europe are investigated. The implementation process, evaluate method and key economic benefit indices of transmission economic planning are summarized in the paper. In the end, based on the current transmission planning and the development of power market in China, the suggestions how transmission economic planning should be performed is given.

Transmission planning is a traditional and important activity in Grid Company in China and its security related technologies had been developed over the years. In resent 5 years, there are unprecedented change in power industry in China, including market reform, 3060 dual carbon strategy, national carbon market, and so on. Therefore, transmission planning should be promoted to accommodate the needs of the new era. Especially, economic benefit should be carefully considered in the transmission planning process. In the paper, a new method of economic benefit evaluation of transmission planning is proposed. A production cost simulation is used to quantify the economic benefit. And impacts of spot market and carbon market are considered in the simulation model. In the end, a case study using actual power system is performed to quantity market-wise economic benefit of transmission upgrade. The study shows that transmission upgrade can reduce load payment, meanwhile, carbon market significantly affects economic benefit of transmission upgrade.

The synchronization of the circadian signals to external or suprachiasmatic nucleus stimulation in the peripheral clocks is essential for maintaining the usual function of human body. However, aging will disrupt the synchronization of peripheral circadian rhythms, thus leading to some age-associated diseases. Up to now, little is known about the modification of the oscillatory rhythms in aged cells. A recent report showed that cell senescence in vascular human smooth muscle cells (HSMCs) altered circadian rhythms by a dysregulation of rhythmic gene expression. Furthermore, this alteration could be reversed by telomerase reconstitution. To test whether telomerase reconstitution can restore disrupted circadian rhythm in other types of senescent cells, we used fibroblasts as cell models to profoundly investigate the relationship between cell senescence and circadian rhythm modulation. We found that the response of rhythmic gene expression to serum stimulation was markedly attenuated in senescent fibroblasts, telomerase-reconstituted fibroblasts reset the circadian oscillation of rhythmic gene expression, and the activation of pERK-CREB and p38-CREB pathways might be involved in the circadian rhythm resetting. These findings suggested that telomerase reconstitution might be a good way to reset synchronization of peripheral circadian rhythms disrupted in senescent tissues.

Coal-to-Electricity Projects are being carried on in North China in order to reduce air pollution. These projects have brought many challenges to present electric distribution networks. Therefore, this paper focuses on how the practical electric distribution systems act facing a large quantity of electric heating integration and how to improve the behaviours. Field researches are conducted covering all cities in North Hebei Province. The current problems in planning, operation and investment of the power distribution networks supporting Coal-to-Electricity Projects are founded, and the reasons are analysed. The suggestions on the above three aspects are put forward accordingly. Case study on the distribution system in Xianghe County is conducted, and the effectiveness of the proposed approaches are verified. This study may give reference on Coal-to-Electricity related electric distribution work for other places and for the future, and also guide practical planning, operation and investment of power distribution systems on special issues.

多站融合变电站是支撑泛在电力物联网建设的基础保障,其发展也给传统变电站规划带来新的挑战.考虑多站融合变电站高效连接储能、数据中心负荷、电动汽车充电负荷、新能源微电网等多元主体的服务特性,提出一种多站融合变电站选址定容优化规划方法.考虑变电站服务主体的个性化需求,结合Voronoi图理论,以多维度负荷距成本最小为优化目标,建立优化模型及其求解方法流程.结合某地区电网规划实例,仿真分析多站融合变电站选址定容优化规划方案,并与传统规划方案进行成本比对,验证了模型的有效性.结果表明:所提的多站融合变电站选址定容优化模型有利于促进配网中站、源、荷、储、充多资源的紧密协同.

针对联网用户侧光储系统的储能容量优化配置问题,采用K-means聚类算法和聚类数判断指标筛选典型光伏出力场景集合用于储能规划,分析在不同光伏出力场景下因储能容量缺额或容量冗余产生的场景适应成本;以总场景适应成本最小为目标建立储能容量配置和运行优化的混合整数线性规划模型,优化决策用户光储系统的储能容量配置及运行策略;分析低谷电价与富余光伏倒送价对储能容量配置和运行策略的影响.算例结果表明,模型可计及光伏出力不确定性,优化规划储能容量,并场景化细粒度衡量储能规划方案应对光伏出力变化的经济代价,为用户侧储能投资提供更高效的决策支持.

近年来,党中央、国务院发布了多项关于国企改革的决策部署,把加强资本运营、推进混合所有制改革,作为深化开放合作、改善公司治理、提升价值创造能力、提高国有资本配置效率的重要途径.独立配售电公司作为增量配电业务试点工程中的核心企业,普遍存在运营管理效率低下、盈利模式不清、对内对外运营模式模糊等特点.针对独立配售电公司运营过程中出现的种种问题,分析了电力市场环境下独立配售电公司对内对外差异化的运营模式,提出了适应竞争环境下独立配售电公司的投资收益模式,构建了独立配售电公司运营效率评估指标体系,提出了配电区域内"1+N"及配电区域外"共享+售电+综合能源服务"的一体化运营模式.