Purpose:This study aimed to compare the long-term efficacy and safety of nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel plus nedaplatin (NP) versus docetaxel plus nedaplatin (TP) as induction chemotherapy (IC) for locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LA NPC). Methods:In this retrospective analysis, treatment-naïve patients with stage III-IVa NPC who received IC with either NP or TP regimen between December 2018 and January 2021 were enrolled. Propensity score matching (PSM) was applied to balance baseline characteristics, resulting in 70 matched pairs. Efficacy endpoints included overall survival (OS), locoregional relapse-free survival (LRFS), and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS). Treatment-related adverse events (AEs) were graded per CTCAE v5.0. Results:After a median follow-up of 68.6 months, the 5-year OS (89.98% vs 86.98%, P=0.610), LRFS (94.06% vs 96.69%, P=0.424), and DMFS (91.33% vs 85.61%, P=0.308) rates were comparable between the NP and TP groups. Multivariable analysis confirmed that the treatment regimen was not an independent prognostic factor. The toxicity profiles, however, differed significantly. The TP group had a higher incidence of any-grade neutropenia (68.6% vs 50.0%, P=0.047), while the NP group was associated with more frequent any-grade peripheral sensory neuropathy (57.1% vs 0.0%, P<0.001) and myalgia (45.7% vs 1.4%, P<0.001). The rates of severe (grade 3-4) hematological toxicities were similar between the groups. Conclusion:The NP regimen demonstrated comparable long-term survival outcomes to the TP regimen as IC for LA NPC, with a distinct toxicity profile. NP may serve as a valuable alternative, offering a favorable hematological toxicity profile and eliminating the need for corticosteroid premedication, albeit with a higher incidence of low-grade neurotoxicity and myalgia.

Introduction: Gastric cancer (GC) is a common malignant tumor, and early diagnosis significantly improves patient survival rates. This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of ring finger protein 180 (RNF180) and secreted frizzled protein 2 (SFRP2) in GC. Materials & Methods: A total of 165 healthy individuals, 34 patients with precancerous gastric lesions, and 104 patients with confirmed GC were divided into training and validation sets; methylated RNF180 and SFRP2 were detected in circulating DNA from blood samples. Six models, including those based on logistic regression, Naive Bayes, K-nearest neighbor algorithm, glmnet, neural network, and random forest (RF) were built and validated. Area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were determined. Results: In the training set, the RF model with RNF180 and SFRP2 (R + S) had an AUC of 0.839 (95 % CI: 0.727-0.951), sensitivity of 60.3 %, and specificity of 85.5 % for diagnosing GC. The RF model with R + S+ Tumor markers had an AUC of 0.849 (95 % CI: 0.717-0.981), sensitivity of 62.8 %, and specificity of 87.1 %. In the validation set, the RF model with R + S had an AUC of 0.844 (95 % CI: 0.774-0.923), sensitivity of 87.8 %, and specificity of 69.2 %. The RF model with R + S + Tumor markers had an AUC of 0.858 (95 % CI: 0.781-0.939), sensitivity of 85.4 %, and specificity of 76.9 %. Conclusion: Our results suggest that RNF180 and SFRP2 could serve as diagnostic biomarkers for GC when using the RF model.

BACKGROUND:Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a primary contributor to cancer-associated mortality, necessitates enhanced early detection. This study evaluated machine learning models that merge methylated SEPTIN9 (SEPT9) and secreted frizzled-related protein 2 (SFRP2) within circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) to detect HCC. METHODS:A cohort of 165 healthy volunteers, 24 precancerous patients of HCC and 112 HCC patients were divided into training and validation sets. Methylated SEPT9 and SFRP2 (mSEPT9/mSFRP2) were detected using real-time PCR. Based on those methylation biomarkers and/or conventional biomarkers (CEA, AFP, CA125, and CA19-9), six machine learning algorithms, including Random Forest (RF), were employed to establish models for the training set. Models were evaluated for area under the ROC curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity, and subsequently validated in the validation set. RESULTS:The RF model outperformed other models. In training, it achieved an AUC of 0.834 (95% CI: 0.745-0.923), exhibiting 69.3% sensitivity and 80.6% specificity for the methylation-specific signature group (mSS group: mSEPT9/mSFRP2). In validation, the RF model for the mSS group showed an AUC of 0.865 (95% CI: 0.811-0.946), with 85.4% sensitivity and 71.4% specificity. CONCLUSIONS:The RF-based model integrating mSEPT9/mSFRP2 in cfDNA can be a promising approach for HCC diagnosis.

More than 50% of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) exhibit radioresistance, indicating the need for further research on the disease. Therefore, the aim of this study is to identify radioresistance genes and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms using patient-derived organoids (PDOs). Transcriptome analyses are performed on radio-resistant and -sensitive PDOs, CRC cells, and xenograft tissues to screen for radioresistant genes. Additionally, the genetic homology between PDOs and clinical tissues is verified using whole-exome sequencing. Functional experiments are performed to validate the roles of the candidate genes using cellular, organoid, and animal models. Forkhead box P4 (FOXP4) is identified as a differentially expressed genes between the radio-sensitive and -resistant groups that is linked to radioresistance. Further experiments show that FOXP4 promoted radioresistance by suppressing ferroptosis. Mechanistically, FOXP4 regulated GPX4 transcription by binding to the promoter region of GPX4 via the forkhead domain to inhibit the onset of ferroptosis. Doxorubicin (DOX) inhibited FOXP4 expression by promoting its ubiquitination and degradation, eventually increasing radiosensitivity. Notably, DOX combined with irradiation attenuated the compensatory increase in FOXP4 expression and increased radiotherapy efficacy. Conclusively, the combination therapy provides a new strategy for enhancing therapeutic efficacy in CRC.

Combining immunotherapy with radiotherapy has emerged as a novel and promising approach for treating microsatellite-stable metastatic colorectal cancer (MSS mCRC). This review offers an in-depth analysis of recent advancements in the field, with particular emphasis on several critical dimensions. Initially, we explore the epidemiological landscape of MSS mCRC, underscoring its incidence and distinctive clinical features. Subsequently, the mechanisms through which MSS colorectal cancer evades immune detection are scrutinized, detailing how these tumors manipulate immune surveillance to foster an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Additionally, we delve into the principal pathways and molecular signatures by which radiotherapy potentiates immune efficacy, notably its capacity to reshape the tumor microenvironment and stimulate immune responsiveness. Moreover, we critically evaluate existing clinical trials integrating immunotherapy with radiotherapy for MSS mCRC, stressing the necessity of identifying predictive biomarkers indicative of immune sensitivity. Lastly, we underscore the potential of personalized therapeutic strategies, guided by precise biomarker profiling, to enhance both patient quality of life and clinical outcomes. Collectively, this review presents a thorough examination of current research developments and outlines future perspectives within the realm of combined immunotherapy and radiotherapy for MSS mCRC.

Radiotherapy is one of the main treatments for colorectal cancer (CRC), but due to the intrinsic resistance of cells or resistance caused by long-term radiotherapy, the effectiveness of this treatment is limited for some CRC patients. Consequently, identifying novel sensitization strategies is essential. This study identifies Noxa1 as a marker linked to radiotherapy resistance in CRC, suggesting its potential as a prognostic biomarker for patients with CRC. The study found that Noxa1 was significantly overexpressed in radiotherapy-resistant colorectal cancer patients, correlating with a poor prognosis. Additionally, we discovered that the high expression of Noxa1 was negatively correlated with ferroptosis and primarily played a role through the glutathione metabolic pathway, as indicated by GSVA analysis. Experimental data indicated that the expression levels of NOXA1, SLC7A11, and GPX4 were significantly elevated in CRC cell lines resistant to radiotherapy. The expression of SLC7A11 and GPX4 decreased after the knockdown of Noxa1, leading to an increase in cellular ROS levels, which induced ferroptosis and sensitized the cells to radiotherapy. Therefore, Noxa1 might influence the radiotherapy sensitivity of CRC via regulating ferroptosis. Targeting Noxa1 could enhance radiotherapy sensitization and improve the prognosis of CRC patients.

Background Anus preservation has been a challenge in the treatment of patients with low rectal adenocarcinoma (within 5 cm from the anal verge) because it is difficult to spare the anus with its functioning sphincter complex under the safe margin of tumour resection. Patients with dMMR/MSI-H can achieve a favourable complete response (CR) rate by using a single immune checkpoint inhibitor. For patients with pMMR/MSS/MSI-L, intensified neoadjuvant three-drug chemotherapy may be the preferred option for anal preservation. In addition, the watch and wait (W&W) strategy has been proven safe and feasible for patients with rectal cancer who achieve a clinical complete response (cCR). Therefore, we initiated this clinical trial to explore the optimal neoadjuvant treatment pattern for patients with low locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) with different MMR/MSI statuses, aiming to achieve a higher cCR rate with the W&W strategy and ultimately provide more patients with a chance of anus preservation. Methods This is a randomised, controlled, open-label, multicentre phase III trial. Patients with clinical stage T2-4 and/or N + tumours located within 5 cm from the anal verge are considered eligible. Based on the results of pathological biopsy, the patients are divided into two groups: dMMR/MSI-H and pMMR/MSS. Patients in the dMMR/MSI-H group will be randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio to either arm A (monoimmunotherapy) or arm B (short-course radiotherapy followed by monoimmunotherapy). Patients in the pMMR/MSS group will be initially treated with long-term pelvic radiation with concurrent capecitabine combined with irinotecan. Two weeks after the completion of chemoradiotherapy (CRT), the patients will be randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio to arm C (XELIRI six cycle regime) or arm D (FOLFIRINOX nine cycle regime). The irinotecan dose will be adjusted according to the UGT1A1-genotype. After treatment, a comprehensive assessment will be performed to determine whether a cCR has been achieved. If achieved, the W&W strategy will be adopted; otherwise, total mesorectal excision (TME) will be performed. The primary endpoint is cCR with the maintenance of 12 months at least, determined using digital rectal examination, endoscopy, and rectal MRI or PET/CT as a supplementary method. Discussion APRAM will explore the best anus preservation model for low LARC, combining the strategies of consolidation chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and short-course radiotherapy, and aims to preserve the anus of more patients using W&W. Our study provides an accurate individual treatment mode based on the MMR/MSI status for patients with low LARC, and more patients will receive the opportunity for anus preservation under our therapeutic strategy, which would transform into long-term benefits. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov NCT05669092 (Registered 28th Nov 2022).

Abstract Purpose This study aimed to identify risk factors associated with the occurrence of extrahepatic metastases (EHM) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and to establish an effective predictive nomogram. Methods We extracted eligible data of HCC patients from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. This study also included 196 HCC patients from the Zhejiang Cancer Hospital in China. A nomogram for predicting extrahepatic metastases in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma was developed according to the independent variables that were found by univariate and multivariate logistic analysis analyses. The effective performance of the nomogram was evaluated using the areas under the curves (AUC), receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), and calibration curves. The clinical practicability was evaluated using decision curve analysis (DCA). Results Sex, N stage, histological grade, tumor size, AFP, vascular Invasion (VI), and surgery were all included as independent predictors in a nomogram to predict HCC patients for extrahepatic metastases. In the training cohort, internal validation cohort, and external validation cohort, the AUC of the prediction model were 0.830, 0.834, and 0.831, respectively, while the AUC of the AJCC Stage were 0.692, 0.693, and 0.650. Among patients with extrahepatic metastases, the most common metastasis site was lung (37.38%), followed by bone (36.0%), and lymph nodes (30.6%). Conclusion Based on the SEER database and the Chinese single-institutional cohort, we have developed and validated a nomogram to forecast EHM in HCC patients. The AUC indicated that the nomogram showed adequate accuracy in discriminating EHM. Additionally, the nomogram fared well in the validation cohort and could support clinical decision-making.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy, toxicity, and long-term outcomes of PD1 inhibitors plus chemotherapy versus re-irradiation/chemoradiotherapy in patients with unresectable locally recurrent T3-4 nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 42 patients with recurrent nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) after receiving immunochemotherapy or re-irradiation between February 2018 and May 2022 in Zhejiang Cancer Hospital. Overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), local recurrence-free survival (LRFS), and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) were determined using the Kaplan-Meier method, log-rank test, and Cox proportional hazard regression. Results: With a median follow-up duration of 28.7 months (ranging from 7.2 to 63.9 months), the 3-year OS rate was 23.3% in the re-irradiotherapy (RI) group (N = 24) and 59.6% in the immunochemotherapy (IC) group (N = 18) (p = 0.042). The 3-year PFS, LRFS, and DMFS rates were not significantly different between the two groups (PFS: 45.3% vs. 62.6%, P = 0.482; LRFS: 54.4% vs. 62.6%, P =0.891; DMFS: 89.8% vs. 100.0%, P = 0.489). The univariate analysis revealed that regimen (HR: 0.354, 95% CI: 0.130-0.962, P = 0.042) was significantly correlated with OS. Multivariate analysis also showed that treatment regimen (HR: 0.329, 95% CI: 0.12-0.970, P =0.044) was the only significant prognostic factor associated with OS. The most common late toxicities in the RI group were xerostomia, deafness, and nasopharyngeal necrosis. Of these, nasopharyngeal necrosis was present in 16 patients (66.7%) and in 10 patients (41.7%) at a grade 3 or above. Nasopharyngeal necrosis is the main cause of death in the RI group. In contrast, in the IC group, grade 3 or higher immune-related adverse events or late adverse events were not observed. Conclusions: For unresectable locally recurrent NPC, re-irradiation is an effective treatment; nevertheless, the survival obtains are usually surpassed by serious late complications. For these individuals, chemotherapy in addition to an anti-PD-1 checkpoint inhibitor may be a helpful course of treatment.

In this paper, we proposed an efficient and high-precision process for fabricating large-area microlens arrays using thermal reflow combined with ICP etching. When the temperature rises above the glass transition temperature, the polymer cylinder will reflow into a smooth hemisphere due to the surface tension effect. The dimensional differences generated after reflow can be corrected using etching selectivity in the following ICP etching process, which transfers the microstructure on the photoresist to the substrate. The volume variation before and after reflow, as well as the effect of etching selectivity using process parameters, such as RF power and gas flow, were explored. Due to the surface tension effect and the simultaneous molding of all microlens units, machining a 3.84 × 3.84 mm2 silicon microlens array required only 3 min of reflow and 15 min of ICP etching with an extremely low average surface roughness Sa of 1.2 nm.

BACKGROUND:Irinotecan is a chemotherapeutic drug widely used to treat solid tumors. However, its effectiveness is limited by the severely delayed onset of diarrhea. This study aimed to confirm the protective effects of the non-systemic oral antibiotic rifaximin on irinotecan-induced mucositis in mice model. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Six to eight week-old BALB/c mice were treated with saline, irinotecan (50 mg/kg, i.p. once daily), rifaximin (50 mg/kg, p.o. twice daily), or irinotecan + rifaximin for 9 consecutive days. Signs of diarrhea, bloody diarrhea, and body weight were monitored daily. Intestinal tissues were harvested for histopathological analysis and quantitative PCR. SN38 and SN38G concentration in intestine were detected using LC-MS analysis. Intestinal bacteria β-glucuronidase (BGUS) activity was detected using mouse feces. We performed 16S rRNA sequencing to investigate the gut microbiota composition. Gut permeability was tested in vivo by measuring the fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran intensity in the serum. RESULTS:Rifaximin reduced the frequency of delayed diarrhea and attenuated the severity of diarrhea caused by irinotecan in mice. Rifaximin significantly inhibited SN38 exposure in intestine and irinotecan-induced increase in BGUS activity. Rifaximin alleviated intestinal mucosal inflammation, prevented intestinal epithelial damage caused by irinotecan, and maintained gut barrier function. Moreover, the consecutive use of rifaximin did not cause a disorder in gut microbiota and reduced irinotecan-induced Firmicutes expansion. More importantly, rifaximin inhibited the expansion of some microbiota (such as Blautia, Eggerthella, and f_Enterobacteriaceae) and promoted an increase in beneficial microbiota (such as Lactobacillus intestinalis, Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group, and f_Oscillospiraceae). CONCLUSIONS:Preventive use of rifaximin is a feasible method to protect against irinotecan-induced diarrhea.

Supplementary Figure legends

Micro-optical gyroscopes (MOGs) place a range of components of the fiber-optic gyroscope (FOG) onto a silicon substrate, enabling miniaturization, low cost, and batch processing. MOGs require high-precision waveguide trenches fabricated on silicon instead of the ultra-long interference ring of conventional F OGs. In our study, the Bosch process, pseudo-Bosch process, and cryogenic etching process were investigated to fabricate silicon deep trenches with vertical and smooth sidewalls. Different process parameters and mask layer materials were explored for their effect on etching. The effect of charges in the Al mask layer was found to cause undercut below the mask, which can be suppressed by selecting proper mask materials such as SiO2. Finally, ultra-long spiral trenches with a depth of 18.1 μm, a verticality of 89.23°, and an average roughness of trench sidewalls less than 3 nm were obtained using a cryogenic process at −100 °C.

Background The heterogeneity of colorectal cancer (CRC) is the main cause of the disparity of drug sensitivity and the variability of prognosis. Pyroptosis is closely associated with the development and prognosis of various tumors, including CRC. Dividing CRC into distinct subgroups based on pyroptosis is a worthwhile topic for improving the precision treatment and prognosis prediction of CRC. Methods We classified patients into two clusters using the consensus clustering based on the pyroptosis-related genes (PRGs). Next, the prognostic signature was developed with LASSO regression analysis using the screened genes from differentially expressed genes (DEGs) by univariate and multivariate Cox analyses. According to the pyroptosis-related score (PR score) calculated with the signature, patients belonged to two groups with distinct prognosis. Moreover, we assessed the immune profile to explore the relationship between the signature and immunological characteristics. Two single cell sequencing databases were adopted for further exploration of tumor immune microenvironment (TME). In addition, we applied our own cohort and Drugbank to explore the correlation of the signature and clinical therapies. We also studied the expression of key genes by immunohistochemistry. Results The signature performed well in predicting the prognosis of CRC as the high area under curve (AUC) value demonstrated. Patients with a higher PR score had poorer prognosis and higher expression of immune checkpoints but more abundant infiltration of immune cells. Combining with the indicator of therapeutic analysis, they might benefit more from immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) and neo-adjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT). Conclusion In conclusion, our study is based on genomics and transcriptomics to investigate the role of PRGs in CRC. We have established a prognostic signature and integrated single-cell data to study the relationship between the signature with the TME in CRC. Its clinical application in reliable prediction of prognosis and personalized treatment was validated by public and own sequencing cohort. It provided a new insight for the personalized treatment of CRC.

Supplementary Table 1: Radiosensitivity parameters of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell lines

目的 探讨术后单纯放疗和术后放化疗治疗软组织肉瘤(STS)的临床结局和不良反应方面的差异,以及影响STS患者预后的因素.方法 回顾性分析浙江省肿瘤医院2012年5月至2019年5月首诊确诊为原发性STS的患者,术后接受辅助放疗,伴或不伴术后化疗.共入组100例患者,将其分为术后单纯放疗组(52例)与术后放化疗组(48例),中位随访时间为65个月(24～124个月).统计两组患者的无局部复发生存(LRFS)期、无远处转移生存(DMFS)期、总生存(OS)期和治疗相关不良反应.采用Kaplan-Meier法计算生存率,log-rank检验进行单因素分析,Cox模型行多因素分析.结果 多因素分析显示,肿瘤最长径是肿瘤局部复发的独立预测因素(HR=4.80,95％CI=1.16～19.85,P=0.031),同时也是远处转移(HR=4.67,95％CI 为 1.53～14.26,P=0.007)和患者 OS 期(HR=4.10,95％CI为1.35～12.48,P=0.013)的独立预测因素.另外,接受放化疗患者的骨髓抑制程度显著高于单纯放疗患者(P＜0.001).结论 在患者样本量有限的情况下,与单纯放疗相比,放化疗在远处转移或生存率方面没有改善,不良反应增加,但总体耐受性尚好.有必要进行大规模人群的前瞻性随机研究,并对组织学亚型进行亚组分析,以确保获得更有参考价值的结果.

Abstract Background: Distant metastasis remains the main reason for treatment failure in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) after radical treatment. In this study, we aim to identify the key genes related to the metastasis of NPC via bioinformatics analysis and immunohistochemistry verification, so as to provide a potential therapeutic biomarker of metastatic NPC. Methods: One dataset (GSE149587) from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database was analysed to screen the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between nonmetastatic and metastatic NPC plasma. Functional enrichment analysis for DEGs was performed using an online bioinformatics tool. Protein‒protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed via the STRING database. The hub gene was verified by immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay in NPC samples. Results: A total of 65 DEGs were screened from the dataset,with 6 downregulatedand 59 upregulatedin NPC plasma samples. Enrichment analysis demonstrated that DEGs were mainly enriched in positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration, response to hypoxia, cell surface receptor signaling pathway and calcium signaling pathway. The PPI network was established, and one significant module with 9 vital genes was identified via MCODE. Among these nine hub genes, CSF1 and CD4 had the highest node degrees. IHC staining indicated that high expression of receptor of CSF-1, CSF-1R, has a positive correlation with lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis and clinical stage. Conclusion: The present study indicated that CSF-1R was correlated with metastasis in NPC patients and might be a potential therapeutic biomarker of metastatic NPC.

Supplemental Figures S1-S7. Supplemental Figure S1: The structures of GSK2126458 and PKI-587; Supplemental Figure S2: GSK2126458 and PKI-587 inhibit NPC proliferation by blocking PI3K/mTOR signaling; Supplemental Figure S3: GSK2126458 and PKI-587 inhibit migration and invasion of NPC cells; Supplemental Figure S4: Targeting the PI3K/mTOR pathway with GSK2156458 or PKI-587 increases the radiosensitivity of NPC cells; Supplemental Figure S5: Radiosensitization induced by the dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitors is accompanied by persistence of y-H2AX foci; Supplemental Figure S6: The combination of IR and dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitors induces cell cycle arrest in NPC cells; Supplemental Figure S7: Combination of dual inhibition of PI3K/mTOR and radiation therapy is an effective treatment for NPC in vivo.

Cuproptosis, a new type of programmed cell death (PCD), is closely related to cellular tricarboxylic acid cycle and cellular respiration, while hypoxia can modulate PCD. However, their combined contribution to tumor subtyping remains unexplored. Here, we applied a multi-omics approach to classify TCGA_COADREAD based on cuproptosis and hypoxia. The classification was validated in three colorectal cancer (CRC) cohorts and extended to a pan-cancer analysis. The results demonstrated that pan-cancers, including CRC, could be divided into three distinct subgroups (cuproptosis-hypoxia subtypes, CHSs): CHS1 had active metabolism and poor immune infiltration but low fibrosis; CHS3 had contrasting characteristics with CHS1; CHS2 was intermediate. CHS1 may respond well to cuproptosis inducers, and CHS3 may benefit from a combination of immunotherapy and anti-fibrosis/anti-hypoxia therapies. In CRC, the CHSs also showed a significant difference in prognosis and sensitivity to classic drugs. Organoid-based drug sensitivity assays validated the results of transcriptomics. Cell-based assays indicated that masitinib and simvastatin had specific effects on CHS1 and CHS3, respectively. A user-friendly website based on the classifier was developed (https://fan-app.shinyapps.io/chs_classifier/) for accessibility. Overall, the classifier based on cuproptosis and hypoxia was applicable to most pan-cancers and could aid in personalized cancer therapy.

Mitigating the optical reflection of aluminum alloy over a broad spectral range from 0.45 μ m to 15 μ m is vital for many applications. This can be realized by introducing efficient light-absorbing textured surfaces via femtosecond laser surface processing. However, a clear analysis of antireflection performance has not been reported yet. This paper proposes a numerical model of anti-reflective structures is proposed based on SEM and EDS characterization. Multiple anti-reflective mechanisms were revealed intuitively through FDTD simulation.